1,720,956 research outputs found
PENGATURAN KESEIMBANGAN CHARGING DAN DISCHARGING PADA BATERAI ASAM TIMBAL
No full textEnergi menjadi hal yang harus dipenuhi untuk kelangsungan hidup
dizaman modern seperti sekarang khususnya energi listrik. Energi listrik
dianggap suatu kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi untuk menjalankan kehidupan
sehari-hari karena semua keperluan dan kebutuhan menggunakan sistem portable
dan mobile. Sumber energi listrik semakin berkurang. Oleh karena itu
dikembangkan sumber energi terbarukan dengan sistem penyimpanan energi
menggunakan baterai. Sistem penyimpanan energi menggunakan baterai
memaksa baterai untuk terus bekerja baik mengisi atau menyuplai energi listrik.
Baterai akan secara otomatis melakukan pengisian apabila charger memiliki
energi yang cukup/berlebih untuk memasok beban. Sedangkan baterai akan
melakukan discharging saat charger tidak mampu memasok beban. Baterai akan
terus mengalami pengisian melewati kapasitasnya dan mengalami discharging
hingga kosong apabila sistem tidak dikontrol. Hal ini dapat merusak dan
memperpendek umur baterai.
Pada penelitian ini akan dirancang pengaturan keseimbangan charging
dan discharging pada baterai asam timbal menggunakan mikrokontroler arduino
uno 16U2. Penentuan kapasitas baterai menggunakan metoda As (Amperesecond).
Sensor arus dipasang pada charger dan beban. Sebelum sistem
dijalankan diperlukan nilai energi yang tersimpan pada baterai menggunakan
hubungan antara kapasitas baterai (SOC) dan tegangan open circuit baterai.
Pembacaan energi yang tersimpan baterai (As) akan bertambah saat
mikrokontroler membaca baterai mengalami charging sesuai nilai arus yang
terbaca. Nilai As akan berkurang apabila mikrokontroler membaca baterai
mengalami discharging. 2 buah sensor arus menjadi masukan untuk ADC
mikrokontroler. Mikrokontroler akan melakukan perhitungan selama sistem
berjalan menggunakan hubungan setiap arus pada sistem.
Pengaturan dipisahkan antara pengaturan titik maksimal baterai dan titik
minimal baterai. Pengaturan titik maksimal menjaga baterai dari kelebihan
pengisian. Saat mikrokontroler membaca baterai telah penuh maka arus
peluahan/pembuangan akan mengalir yang mencegah baterai mengalami
pengisian saat mencapai titik maksimum. Arus pembuangan diset konstan 0.153
A. Pengaturan titik minimum menjaga baterai dari kekosongan (kekurangan
energi). Beban tidak akan mendapatkan pasokan energi baik dari charger
maupun baterai saat baterai dibawah titik minimumnya karena charger hanya
akan melakukan pengisian pada baterai hingga melewati titik minimumnya.
Penelitian menggunakan titik minimum 11.67% dari kapasitas 50 Ah.
Kata kunci : Baterai asam timbal, mosfet, charging dan discharging,
mikrokontroler arduino un
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pengaturan Keseimbangan Pengisian dan Pengosongan Baterai Asam Timbal
No full textIn this paper proposed a system of balance settings for charging and discharging the lead-acid battery using a microcontroller arduino uno 16U2. The calculation of battery capacity using the method of As (Ampere-second). Before this is done, the value of the energy stored in the battery is calculated using the relationship between the battery capacity (SOC) and the open-circuit voltage of the battery. The microcontroller will do the calculations for the system running using any current relationships in the system. Settings are separated between setting the maximum point and minimum point battery battery. Setting the maximum point guard of excess charging batteries. When the battery is full, the current discharge / disposal will flow which prevents the battery charging when it reaches the maximum point. 0153 constant exhaust flow set point A. Setting minimum keep the battery from the void (lack of energy). Load will not get a good supply of energy or battery charger when the battery below the minimum point because the charger is only charging the battery to pass the minimum point. This system uses the point of 11.67% with a minimum capacity of 50 Ah battery. System settings are made has managed to keep the battery from overload conditions and under loading
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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