1,720,994 research outputs found
Employee Perceptions of Diversity Management in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry: Scale Development and Model Testing
No full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to create a holistic diversity management measurement scale and to analyze the impact of diversity management on employees\u27 attitudes and behavior in the hospitality and tourism industry. Effective diversity management can have a multitude of positive outcomes in the hospitality and tourism industry. However, there is little research conducted regarding the direct and indirect impacts of diversity management on the attitudes and behavior of hospitality and tourism industry employees. This dissertation used a mixed-method approach to create a measurement scale to evaluate diversity management practices for the hospitality and tourism field. The first study of this dissertation included a scale development process using a qualitative and then a quantitative phase. Literature review and semi-structured interviews were conducted for developing the items for the diversity management scale. These items were then refined to finalize the diversity management measurement scale through a quantitative phase using exploratory factor analyses. The impact of diversity management on hospitality and tourism industry employees\u27 job performance, service innovation behavior, and engagement were analyzed through a quantitative study using this measurement instrument. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized research model. The present research is the first of its kind in the hospitality and tourism field. The measurement scale developed in this study will expand the boundaries of diversity management research in the hospitality and tourism industry. This current research further establishes a link between diversity management and positive employee-related outcomes in the hospitality and tourism industry. The assessment of these relationships should extend the literature and open new models of academic research with additional organizational outcomes. Leaders in the hospitality and tourism industry can gain vital insight regarding the importance of effective diversity management through the study results
Group invariant solutions for turbulent boundary layer flows described by eddy viscosity
No full textThe study of turbulence is important in a wide variety of applications. Some
examples are: the flow of fluid once a sluice gate is opened; the flow of air over
the wing of an aircraft; the flow of air from a ventilation system. A very important
concept to consider when dealing with turbulence is the boundary layer that develops
around an object as air or fluid moves past the object. The boundary layer is a thin
layer in which the velocity gradients increase rapidly from zero at the contact surface,
to match the mainstream velocity further away from the surface. The velocity is zero
at the contact surface due to the viscous nature of the fluid or air molecules moving
past the surface. Within the boundary layer either laminar or turbulent flow, or
both types of flow, occur. Laminar boundary layers have been analysed rigorously
in the past. In this dissertation we analyse turbulent boundary layers and turbulent
wall jets. The turbulence is represented by introducing the concept of eddy viscosity.
The Reynolds averaged boundary layer equations are used in this dissertation. The
group invariant solution of the two–dimensional turbulent boundary layer equations
are derived by finding the Lie point symmetries of the equation. The mainstream
velocity is allowed to be an arbitrary function. The Lie point symmetries of the
equation modelling the wall jet are used to solve for a group invariant solution. The
conserved quantity for the wall jet is found which enables us to solve the problem
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Application of propensity scores and marginal structural models evaluating the effect of allopurinol in gout using primary care medical records
Get PDFBackgroundPrimary care electronic health records (EHR) capture real life patterns of healthcare utilisation over time. This provides the opportunity to estimate the effect of allopurinol on long term outcomes in people with gout. However, use of such data gives rise to confounding by indication which may change over time, a major impediment in treatment effect estimation.MethodsA cohort of patients consulting for gout between 1997 2002 and not previously prescribed urate-lowering drugs were identified from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD and were followed up until the end of 2014. Effect of allopurinol vs. non-use was evaluated on reaching target serum urate (SU) level =360µmol/L, mortality, healthcare utilisation, vascular and renal diseases.Three statistical approaches with differing complexities and assumptions imposed were considered: (1) baseline measurement of allopurinol and covariates with confounding controlled for using propensity score (PS) subclassification; (2) extending the methods in (1) to repeated measures where allopurinol and covariates were measured yearly; (3) using marginal structural models (MSM) within the repeated measures set-up. Survival models estimated hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Robustness of estimated treatment effects to unmeasured confounding was evaluated. Results16,876 patients were eligible for analysis (mean age (standard deviation) 62 (14.1) years, 77% male). Baseline analysis found allopurinol was associated with higher chance of reaching target SU level (2.32 (1.97, 2.74)) and fewer gout consultations (0.70 (0.65, 0.75)), and with increased risk of mortality (1.10 (1.03, 1.17)), gout hospitalisation (1.82 (1.64, 2.02)), coronary heart disease (1.11 (1.02, 1.21)), and renal disease (1.19 (1.10, 1.28)). In the repeated measures setting, issues with poor performance of PS estimation were identified in both time-varying PS subclassification and MSM. These were resolved by allowing associations between covariates and initiation and continuation of allopurinol to differ in MSM; larger treatment effect estimates were obtained for most outcomes compared with baseline analysis and statistical significance was lost for mortality. The treatment effect estimates for target SU level and gout hospitalisation were likely to be robust to unmeasured confounding however, unmeasured confounding may explain away the treatment effects for coronary heart disease and renal disease.ConclusionFitting complex models to EHR is challenging and consideration needs to be given to both clinical and statistical assumptions made during data preparation and analysis. Associations of allopurinol with adverse outcomes persisted, regardless of statistical approach used. This may be due to remaining residual confounding and/or because allopurinol dosage and adherence is suboptimal in primary care. Nevertheless, the treatment effect estimates obtain are relevant to UK primary care and provide evidence that managing gout in the long term needs to be improved
Organizational response to the COVID-19 pandemic: Does it affect hospitality industry employees’ outcomes?
No full textThe purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between hospitality organizations’ crisis response during the COVID-19 pandemic with hospitality employees’ attitudes and behaviors. Data was collected using a survey distributed on Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) targeting hospitality industry employees. The findings reveal that crisis response is related to psychological well-being, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment among hospitality industry employees. This study broadens the scope of crisis management literature in the hospitality field. Furthermore, it establishes the significance of effective crisis response for hospitality industry employees’ well-being and positive outcomes
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