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Taiteilijatapetteja Tanskasta
No full textArvio: Andersson Møller Vibeke, 2013. Danske kunstnertapeter. Kobenhavn: Nationalmuseet & Syddansk universitetsforlag. 323 s
"Tyylin luojat, tunnelman tuojat": Taiteilijatapetit Suomessa 1950-luvulla
Get PDFTutkimuksessa tarkastellaan taiteilijatapetteja Suomessa 1950-luvulla. Monet toisen maailmansodan jälkeisen ajan muotoilijat, taiteilijat ja arkkitehdit – kuten Elissa Aalto, Rut Bryk, Li Englund, Kaj Franck, Birger Kaipiainen, Kimmo Kaivanto, Lisa Johansson-Pape, Ilmari Tapiovaara ja Tapio Wirkkala – suunnittelivat tapettimalleja, joita kutsuttiin jo aikanaan "taiteilijatapeteiksi".
Tutkin minkälainen ilmiö taiteilijatapetit olivat. Pyrin löytämään vastauksen erilaisten näkökulmien kautta: tarkastelen suunnittelijan roolin muodostumista tapettiteollisuudessa ja tapettia suunnittelutehtävänä. Pohdin, ketkä taiteilijatapetteja ostivat ja minkälaisia taiteilijatapetit olivat. Tarkastelen tapettien merkitystä kotien ja julkisten tilojen sisustustuotteena jälleenrakennuskaudella, kansalaisille suunnattua tapettivalistusta, tapettisuunnittelukilpailuja sekä tapettia kulutustuotteena ja mainonnan kohteena. Suomalaisen muotoilun "kultakausi" 1950-luvulla muodostaa ilmiölle kehyksen.
Lähestymistapani on vahvasti aineistolähtöinen. Koska aikaisempaa tutkimusta suomalaisista taiteilijatapeteista on olemassa vain vähän, olen koonnut aineistoni itse. Olen hankkinut tietoa arkistoista, museoiden kuva- ja tapettikokoelmista, tapettitehtailta, kirjallisuudesta, aikakaus- ja sanomalehdistä sekä henkilöhaastatteluin. Suurelta osin aiemmin tutkimattomat aineistot koostuvat kuvista, luonnoksista, asiakirjoista, mallikirjoista ja tapettinäytteistä. Tutkimukseni paikantuu muotoiluhistoriaan, mutta viitekehykseni on monialainen ulottuen taidehistoriasta kulttuurihistoriaan, taiteen sosiologiaan, kuluttajatutkimukseen ja teknologian historiaan. Tutkimukseni perusteella tapetteja suunnitteli Suomessa 1870-luvulta 1960-luvun loppuun asti yli 200 henkilöä, joista olen koonnut luettelon liitteeksi. Ilmiön moninaisuutta valottavat seuraavat viisi tapettisuunnittelun parissa työskennellyttä avainhenkilöä, jotka valitsin lähemmän tarkastelun kohteeksi: Li Englund, Ulla Lampenius, Yki Nummi, Hilkka Vuorinen ja Paul Tscherbakoff.
Tutkimuksen johtoteema on tapettien visuaalisuus, jonka ohella huomio tarkentuu tapetteja suunnitelleisiin taiteilijoihin. Tutkimukseni tuo esille taiteilijatapetit keskeisenä osana suomalaista sotienjälkeistä muotoilua. Se tuo lisätietoa tapetteja suunnitelleiden henkilöiden tuotannosta ja tapettitehtaiden historiasta. Taiteilijatapetit olivat kansainvälinen ilmiö, johon Suomi osallistui osana pohjoismaista designkenttää."Creators of Style, Bringers of Atmosphere": Artist Wallpapers in Finland in the 1950s
This study examines the phenomenon of artist wallpapers in Finland in the 1950s. Many designers, artists and architects of the post-World War II era, such as Elissa Aalto, Rut Bryk, Li Englund, Kaj Franck, Birger Kaipiainen, Kimmo Kaivanto, Lisa Johansson-Pape, Ilmari Tapiovaara and Tapio Wirkkala, created wallpaper designs that were already called artist wallpapers at that time.
The main research question is: What kind of phenomenon does artist wallpaper comprise? Exploring this through different perspectives, I researched the formation of the designer's role in the wallpaper industry and wallpaper as a design task, as well as who purchased artist wallpapers and what kind of artist wallpapers they were. My study also investigated the importance of wallpaper as a decorative product for homes and public spaces during the reconstruction period, consumer education aimed at citizens, wallpaper design competitions and wallpaper as a consumer product and object of advertising. The 'golden age' of Finnish design in the 1950s forms the framework for this phenomenon.
My approach is firmly anchored in empirical research. Due to scant previous research on Finnish artist wallpapers, I gathered research material from image archives and wallpaper collections in museums, from wallpaper factories, literature, magazines, newspapers and through personal interviews. To a large extent, previously unexplored materials comprise pictures, sketches, documents, model books and wallpaper samples. Although my research is located in design history, the frame of reference is multidisciplinary, spanning art history to cultural history, the sociology of art, consumer research and the history of technology. Based on my research, more than 200 people designed wallpapers in Finland from the 1870s until the end of the 1960s. A complete list is provided in the Appendix. The multiplicity of the phenomenon is highlighted by five key actors who worked on wallpaper design and were selected for closer examination: Li Englund, Ulla Lampenius, Yki Nummi, Hilkka Vuorinen and Paul Tscherbakoff.
The main theme of this research is the visuality of the wallpapers and the artists who designed them. My research emphasises artist wallpapers as a central part of Finnish post-war design and adds new information about wallpaper designers and the history of wallpaper factories. Artist wallpapers were an international phenomenon in which Finland participated as part of the Nordic design field.ei tietoa saavutettavuudest
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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