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(24(1-2):24-31)EFFECT OF VARIETIES AND PLANTING SEASONS ON THE SEED PROTEIN AND OIL CONTENTS OF PEANUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)
No full text四種植物型不同之落花生250品種，分別於62年春、秋作及63年春作在臺中萬豐試驗地種植，收穫成熟完全之種子，分別以Semi-micro-kjedahl's法測定其樣品中全氮含量百分率，再以5.46乘之，以估算樣品中蛋白質含量；及以NMR法，利用Newport Quantity Analyzer測定全粒種子油分含量。經此測定後，以簡單相關係數法計算種子蛋白質與油分含量間之相關係數及直線迥歸方程式，以研究落花生型間、品種間種子蛋白質及油分含量之差異，以及栽培季節或年份對此二者含量之影響，並二者含量間之相關關係，供落花生種子品質改良，工作之參考。其試驗結果如下：
1. 落花生型與型間，其蛋白質含量平均以Virginia Runner型最高，Spanish、Valencia型次之，Virginia Bunch型最低；油分含量則以Virginia Bunch型稍高，但差異不大。
2. 落花生品種間，種子蛋白質與油分含量有極大之差異在，故可利用育種方法，改良本省落花生之品質。
3.栽培季節或年份對落花生植物型間種子蛋白質及油分含量影響不大，視品種不同而異。
4.落花生種子蛋白質與油分含量間呈極顯著之負相關關係，故今後提高種子蛋白質及油分含量之育種工作宜分開進行。
Peanut is an important food and oil crop in Taiwan. In order to extent the uses of its end-products, the increase of seed protein and oil contents of peanut is now highly concerned. For obtaining the information for starting the improvement work of peanut quality, the experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of varieties or strains and planting seasons or years on the seed protein and oil contents of peanut. The relationship between protein and oil contents of peanut seed was also studied.
A total of 250 peanut varieties or strains of Spanish, Valencia, Virginia Bunch and Virginia Runner botanical types were planted at Wan-fong Experiment Field of Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute during the spring and fall crop seasons of 1973-74. Seeds harvested from those plants were used for the determination of seed protein and oil contents. Semi-micro-Kjedahl’s method was adapted to measuring the seed protein content by 5.46 × N; while the NMR Newport Quantity Analyzer (Model MK II) equiped with 2 ml sample assembly was used to determine oil content of whole peanut seed. Simple correlation coefficient and linear regression equation of different botanical type peanut were calculated based on the measuring data of peanut seed protein and oil contents.
Results obtained from this experiment were summaried as follows:
1. The seeds of Virginia Runner and Bunch type peanut had the higher protein and oil content respectively than that of Spanish and Valencia peanut types. But the differences between types both in protein and oil contents were low.
2. According to the experiment data, It revealed a significant difference on seed protein and oil content between peanut varieties or strains.
3. The different planting seasons or years had affected the seed protein and oil contents of peanut, but the influences were lower than that of peanut varieties or strains.
4. The significant and high negative correlation coefficient between seed protein and oil contents of all peanut types was found. It showed that there was a tendency in high seed protein varieties or strains to be low in seed oil content and vice versa but there were exceptions, such as P1 259800, Spanish Imp., NC Ace. No. 1337 etc
Studies on the Precooling of Harvested Vegetable Soybean
No full text毛豆莢之色澤是決定其商品價值之重要要因素。採收後之毛豆莢極易快速黃化，因此有待研究預冷處理方法對不同毛豆莢減緩黃化之方法，以確保毛豆莢之翠綠色澤。試驗之預冷處理有噴水、浸地下水、浸15℃冷水、浸5℃冰水、置於冷藏庫中冷卻、以及對照等5種；供試之品種則有高雄選1號、205、綠光等。由試驗結果顯示未經預冷處理之毛豆，其莢果極易黃化，且亮度之變化較少。經噴水及浸地下水之處理者，其降低毛豆莢黃化之效果較差，莢果經7小時後，黃化程度就會明顯提高。而浸5℃冰水、浸15℃冷水及冷藏處理者，採收後7小時後之莢果色澤不易變黃，亮度之變化較顯著，防止毛豆莢果黃化之效果最佳。因此，在實用及經濟上，減緩毛豆莢黃化之預冷當以浸15℃冷水之處理為最優。
The commercial quality of vegetable soybean was mainly determined by the pod color. Yellowing of pods occurred rapidly after the harvest of vegetable soybean. Hence, studies on the pre-cooling treatment of pods for preservation of bright green color and preventing the yellowing of pod before freezing processing was required. Pre-cooling treatments tested in this experiment were spraying pods with tap water, drenching pods in 15℃ cold water, drenching pods in 5℃ cold water, storing pods in refrigerator, and the control. Vegetable soybean varieties used were Kaohsiung Selection 1,205 and Ryokkoh.
Results showed that pod color was easily changed to yellow dramatically and L value was unchanged for the non-treated pods. After 7 hours, treatments of spraying water on pods and drenching pods into tap water can slightly prevent the yellowing of pods. Best pre-cooling effects of pods drenched in 15℃ and 5℃ cold water and stored by refrigerator were found. The bright green color in pods can be maintained and yellowing of pods can be prevented longer than 7 hours and the L values can be reduced by above-mentioned methods. For practical and economical purposes, the best pre-cooling treatment for preventing the yellowing of vegetable soybean pods is by drenching pods into 15℃ cold water after pod threshing and harvesting
(36(1):41-52)落花生品種根之生長特性
No full textTo evaluate the potential of peanut root growth characteristics such as taproot growth rate at different periods of growth, taproot length, root number, root length density at different depths, and the relationship between taproot length and shoot dry weight were examined under greenhouse conditions during 1983 and 1984. Separate studies on root volume, root and shoot dry weights, root/shoot ratio, and their interrelationship were also conducted. Data obtained showed that peanut genotypes differed in taproot growth rate, root number, and length density in the first 30 cm of soil profile. However, perhaps due to the different times during the year when the tests were conducted, several characteristics such as root length density, number of roots at different depths, and correlation between taproot length and shoot dry weight varied between tests. In root length studies, the fastest taproot elongation was found between 21 to 28 days after planting and virginia type peanuts had longer taproot and faster root growth rate than spanish types. The correlation between taproot length and shoot dry weight was significant in one test held in late winter. In root volume studies, no significant differences in root volume and root dry weight were found between types. Virginia type peanuts tended to have heavier shoot and total dry weight, but lower root/shoot ratios than spanish type. Significant positive linear correlations were found between root volume and shoot, root, and total dry weights. Also, root dry weight was positively associated with shoot, and total dry weight. Root volume and root dry weight did not show linear relationship with the root/shoot ratio in this study.
根之生長特性被認為與作物之耐旱性有關。本試驗乃分別于 1983 及 1984 年于溫室中，探討落花生型及品種間根長、主根生長速率、根數、根長密度之差異，以及主根長度與地上部乾重之相關。此外，也探討根容積、根與地上部乾重，及根與地上部重量比之差異及其彼此間之相關。由結果知，品種間在主根生長速率、根數及在土表下 30 公分之根數有顯著之差異。落花生主根生長速率最高的時期在播後 21-28 天間，其中 Virginia 型之主根長度及生長速率皆大于 Spanish 型。主根長度與地上部乾重則僅在試驗二中有正相關關係。在根容積方面， Virginia 型之地上部及全株乾重較大，但根與地上部重量比則較 Spanish 型小。根容積與根、地上部及全株重等皆呈正相關，根重也與地上部及全株重呈正相關關係。然而，根容積及根重與根／地上部重量比間之相關，並不顯著
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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