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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The role of social cash transfer in influencing educational and sexual decision making among girls in Mazabuka, Monze and Pemba districts, Zambia
Get PDFThesisThe importance of ensuring that girls are educated at the secondary level has been recognized
as critical to the national development of any country. Worldwide 62 million adolescents are
estimated to have dropped out of school due to poverty. Many unmarried adolescent girls in
low income countries engage in sexual relationships for cash and gifts, this has led to an
increase in early pregnancy, early marriages and school drop-outs. Social Cash Transfers
(SCTs) are the main social assistance intervention used in developing countries to mitigate
effects of poverty and are viewed as key to social solidarity and development. Social Cash
Transfers have shown effectiveness in improving girls’ school participation and help
postpone pregnancy and marriage. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of social
cash transfers in influencing education and sexual decision making among girls.
The study utilized qualitative case study design. Data was collected from 18 IDIs and 4 FGDs
among 48 school-going girls aged 14 to 17 years and in grade 8 receiving SCTs from the
Research Initiative to Support Girls’ Education (RISE). The participants and schools were
selected using purposive sampling and 6 schools participated in the study. Scripts from the
field were transcribed manually, thematic method was used to analyse data by identifying
major themes and sub-themes.
SCTs impacted on girls’ sexual decision making and also led to economic empowerment.The
girls had experience in the following five areas; benefits of girls’ education; SCTs led to
concentration on education and hope for a bright future. On experience with family and
community; SCTs increased support for girls from parents and resistance to bad advice. On
Sexual decision making; SCTs led to assertiveness, enhanced self-esteem and independent
decision making. On economic empowerment; SCTs saved as a source of pocket money, led
to reduced chances of early pregnancy and early marriages, improved school attendance and
reduced burden of school fees. Experience with community, siblings and friends; SCTs led to
supportive and unsupportive atmospheres. The support given to girls by RISE helped to
reduce the desire for sexual relationships with boys for cash and gifts hence also contributed
to a decrease in early pregnancy, early marriages and school drop outs. Girls were now more
focused on their education.
SCTs led to the following benefits for girls; concentration on education and gave hope for a
bright future for both the girls and their parents; Increased support for girls from parents,
siblings and community; Increased girls’ resistance to bad advice; Led to girls’ assertiveness,
enhanced self-esteem and independent decision making; Source of pocket money for the girls
and reduced chances of early pregnancy and early marriages; Improved school attendance
and reduced burden of school fees; Created both supportive and unsupportive atmospheres in
the community.
The Government, RISE and stakeholders should roll out SCTs to other schools within the
country experiencing an increase in the number of early pregnancy; early marriages and
school dropout.
Keywords: Early pregnancy, marriage, social cash transfer, sexuality, school drop-outs
The role of social cash transfer in influencing educational and sexual decision making among girls in Mazabuka, Monze and Pemba districts, Zambia
No full textThesisThe importance of ensuring that girls are educated at the secondary level has been recognized
as critical to the national development of any country. Worldwide 62 million adolescents are
estimated to have dropped out of school due to poverty. Many unmarried adolescent girls in
low income countries engage in sexual relationships for cash and gifts, this has led to an
increase in early pregnancy, early marriages and school drop-outs. Social Cash Transfers
(SCTs) are the main social assistance intervention used in developing countries to mitigate
effects of poverty and are viewed as key to social solidarity and development. Social Cash
Transfers have shown effectiveness in improving girls’ school participation and help
postpone pregnancy and marriage. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of social
cash transfers in influencing education and sexual decision making among girls.
The study utilized qualitative case study design. Data was collected from 18 IDIs and 4 FGDs
among 48 school-going girls aged 14 to 17 years and in grade 8 receiving SCTs from the
Research Initiative to Support Girls’ Education (RISE). The participants and schools were
selected using purposive sampling and 6 schools participated in the study. Scripts from the
field were transcribed manually, thematic method was used to analyse data by identifying
major themes and sub-themes.
SCTs impacted on girls’ sexual decision making and also led to economic empowerment.The
girls had experience in the following five areas; benefits of girls’ education; SCTs led to
concentration on education and hope for a bright future. On experience with family and
community; SCTs increased support for girls from parents and resistance to bad advice. On
Sexual decision making; SCTs led to assertiveness, enhanced self-esteem and independent
decision making. On economic empowerment; SCTs saved as a source of pocket money, led
to reduced chances of early pregnancy and early marriages, improved school attendance and
reduced burden of school fees. Experience with community, siblings and friends; SCTs led to
supportive and unsupportive atmospheres. The support given to girls by RISE helped to
reduce the desire for sexual relationships with boys for cash and gifts hence also contributed
to a decrease in early pregnancy, early marriages and school drop outs. Girls were now more
focused on their education.
SCTs led to the following benefits for girls; concentration on education and gave hope for a
bright future for both the girls and their parents; Increased support for girls from parents,
siblings and community; Increased girls’ resistance to bad advice; Led to girls’ assertiveness,
enhanced self-esteem and independent decision making; Source of pocket money for the girls
and reduced chances of early pregnancy and early marriages; Improved school attendance
and reduced burden of school fees; Created both supportive and unsupportive atmospheres in
the community.
The Government, RISE and stakeholders should roll out SCTs to other schools within the
country experiencing an increase in the number of early pregnancy; early marriages and
school dropout.
Keywords: Early pregnancy, marriage, social cash transfer, sexuality, school drop-outs
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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