34 research outputs found
The Position of Ministers in Manshaat Salatin(moenodin parvaneh-shamsodin esfahani-salahodin ayobi)
No full textPosition of Ministers in Manshaat Salatin moenodin parvaneh-shamsodin esfahani-salahodin ayboubiManshaat Salatin is a work by an unknown author in the sixth and seventh centuries, written on the subject of the principles of governmental and bureaucratic correspondence (including: greetings, condolences, rites, ranks, government orders, spelling rules, exaggeration methods, etc.). Using a descriptive-analytical method, this article examines the letters of three ministers (Shams-ud-Din Isfahani, Moin-ud-Din Parvaneh and Salah-ud-Din Ayoubi) and explores the social, historical and cultural characteristics of that era. There has been no methodical or academic research on Manshaat Salatin.The results of the research show that Iranshahri ideas have been prominently highlighted in Manshaat Salatin. Through the letters, the authors have called on their audiences to be truthful, just, and reasonable, and in fact have developed an independent and documented code of conduct that has prevented the premature deviation and decline of the government.Keywords: Manshaat Salatin, Content-Based Stylistics, Court correspondence, Iranshahri Idea
Corrigendum: Natural killer cells from patients with recombinase-activating gene and non-homologous end joining gene defects comprise a higher frequency of CD56bright NKG2A+++ cells, and yet display increased degranulation and higher perforin content [Front Immunol, 8, (2017), (798)] doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00798
No full text\ua9 2017 Dobbs and et al. There was a mistake in the authorship. The name of Nima Parvaneh was unintentionally omitted. Dr. Parvaneh has contributed biological specimens and clinical and immunological data from patient P66 included in the manuscript, and as such he should be included in the authorship. The authors apologize for the mistake. This error does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. With the inclusion of Dr. Parvaneh\u27s name in the authorship, the paragraph of Author Contributions should also be corrected as follows: JM, EM, AM, SP, and LN designed the study, interpreted the data, and wrote the manuscript; KD, GT, EC, OP, PM, SG, and DM performed experiments, acquired and analyzed the data; WA-H, CC, MC, JB, CB, DB, SB, TC, JC, VD-C, LOdB, MTdlM, GM, AF, RG, RKG, AH, SH, C-HH, MK, AlKi, BK, AnKl, TK, BL, VL, MiMa, IM, MeMo, BN, S-YP, NP, AP, SP, IR, JS, RS, TT, Y-JK, JW, AG, and SK contributed patient samples and clinical and immunological data; all authors have revised the work for its intellectual content, have approved its final version and have agreed to be accountable for all aspects related to the accuracy and integrity of the work. This correction does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. Author apologizes for these errors and thank you for your consideration. The original has been updated
Attitudes of Women with Disabilities in Tehran toward Childbearing
No full textAttitudes of Women with Disabilities in Tehran toward Childbearing
Ali Pezhhan[1] , Parvaneh Afshari[2]
Received: 07/07/2018 Accepted: 19/01/2019
Abstract This present study is descriptive and aims to examine the attitudes of women with disabilities who reside in the city of Tehran toward childbearing. The studied population consists of all married women with disabilities in Tehran (1500 people) based on the results of 2017 National Population and Housing Census in Iran. The sampling method was a systematic sampling method and the size of the sample was determined through Cochran formula through which 300 people were selected as the sample of the study. The required data for the Study were collected through questionnaires. Results of the factor analysis have proved that there is no correlation between the measures of any factor with the measures of other factors and any factor has its own impact on the disabled women’s attitude toward child bearing. According to calculations of the Chi-square test, there is a significant correlation between the attitudes of women with disabilities toward childbearing and economic, social and cultural factors. There is also a significant relationship between the attitudes of women with disabilities toward child bearing and the number of their brothers and sisters as well as their family size. There was a significant relationship between the attitudes of women with disabilities toward child bearing and social welfare, circumferential justice and benefiting from social security. Regression results have shown that demographic factors with over 57%, social factors with more than 69%, economic factors with more than 58% and cultural factors with more than 63% have been effective in determining the attitudes of women with disabilities towards childbearing.
Keywords: Attitude, Disability, Disabled Women and Childbearing.
[1]. Assistant Professor of Demographics- Islamic AzadUniversity, Tehran-Center Branch.
(Corresponding Author). [email protected]
[2]. PhD Student in Demography- Islamic AzadUniversity, Tehran-Center Branch.
[email protected]
A Continuum Model for Soil Large Deformation and A Study on Numerical Aspects of Strong Discontinuities
No full textA three-invariant continuum cap plasticity model is developed for modeling large deformation of soil. This model is capable of simulating multiple failure mechanisms including loss of strength under tension and combined shear and compaction yielding. It features a nonlinear pressure-dependent shear yield surface as well as a cap surface governing inelastic compaction hardening which is formulated as an explicit expression of porosity. A set of numerical examples are carried out, including triaxial compression and compression-shear test, in order to examine the model under confined loading conditions, and observe performance of the model when spectral directions are changing.
Also, a comparative study is performed that investigates numerical features of different schedules, end-of-step vs. within iterations, for updating fracture path by employing the local and global tracking strategies. Embedded strong discontinuities within an enhanced finite element framework are used to model propagating discontinuities and fracture behavior of quasi-brittle materials. It is shown that end-of-step updating, which is a standard, can cause inaccuracies in peak strength and fracture energy for large time steps. Updating within iterations rectifies the accuracy issues, but at the expense of an increased computational cost. Both schedules yield comparable performance as the step size is refined
Stagnation, Regression, Progression - Phasen der Entwicklung lexikalischer Kompetenz im Deutschen als Fremdsprache bei italienischen Studierenden
No full textIl contributo si occupa dello sviluppo delle competenze lessicali, un tema che è sempre stato al centro della didattica delle lingue straniere e che si riflette sempre più spesso negli ultimi due decenni nella ricerca. Tuttavia, gli studi sullo sviluppo delle competenze lessicali nell'insegnamento del tedesco come lingua straniera tra gli studenti (adulti) sono ancora una rarità. L'autrice vorrebbe dare un contributo in tal senso affrontando lo sviluppo della competenza lessicale in tedesco tra gli studenti italiani adulti e presentando i risultati parziali di uno studio a lungo termine condotto con studenti italiani presso l'Università di Cagliari nel periodo 2009-2013, in cui è stato dimostrato un aumento del vocabolario usato nella lingua straniera. Per quanto riguarda l'acquisizione del vocabolario invece, rivela l'importanza di studi a lungo termine, in quanto consentono di determinare in modo esaustivo le competenze dei partecipanti nei test nelle aree di riferimento..The present study deals with the development of lexical competence, a topic which has always been a central topic for foreign language didactics, and which is increasingly reflected in the last two decades at the research level. Nevertheless, studies on the development of lexical competence in German (as a foreign language) teaching among (adult) learners are still a rarity. The author would like to make a contribution to this by addressing the development of lexical competence in German as a foreign language among adult Italian learners and by presenting the partial results of a long-term study conducted with Italian students at the University of Cagliari in the period 2009-2013, in which an increase in the vocabulary used in German was proven. With regards to the acquisition of foreign language vocabulary it also reveals the importance of long-term studies, as they make it possible to comprehensively determine the qualities of the test persons in the corresponding competence area.Für die Fremdsprachendidaktik stellt die Entwicklung der lexikalischen Kompetenz seit jeher ein zentrales Thema dar, was sich in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten auch auf der Forschungsebene zunehmend widerspiegelt. Dennoch sind Untersuchungen zum Aufbau lexikalischer Kompetenz im DaF-Unterricht bei (erwachsenen) Lernern immer noch eine Seltenheit. Die vorliegende Studie möchte gerade dazu einen Beitrag leisten, indem sie die Entwicklung lexikalischer Kompetenzen im Deutschen als Fremdsprache bei erwachsenen italienischen Lernern thematisiert und die Teilergebnisse einer Langzeitstudie vorstellt, die im Zeitraum 2009-2013 an der Universität Cagliari mit italienischen Studierenden durchgeführt wurde, wobei grundsätzlich ein Anstieg des verwendeten Wortschatzes im Deutschen belegt werden konnte. Anhand dieser Studie zum Erwerb fremdsprachlichen Wortschatzes wird außerdem die Wichtigkeit von Langzeitstudien deutlich, da sie es ermöglichen, die Qualitäten der Probanden in dem entsprechenden Kompetenzbereich umfassend zu ermitteln
Estimating process noise variance of PPP-RTK corrections: a means for sensing the ionospheric time-variability
No full textThe provision of accurate ionospheric corrections in PPP-RTK enormously improves the performance of single-receiver user integer ambiguity resolution (IAR), thus enabling fast high precision positioning. While an external provider can disseminate such corrections to the user with a time delay, it is the task of the user to accurately time-predict the corrections so that they become applicable to the user positioning time. Accurate time prediction of the corrections requires a dynamic model in which the process noise of the corrections has to be correctly specified. In this contribution, we present an estimation method to determine the process noise variance of PPP-RTK corrections using single-receiver GNSS data. Our focus is on variance estimation of the first-order slant ionospheric delays, which allows one to analyze how the ionospheric process noise changes as a function of the solar activity, receiver local time, and receiver geographic latitude. By analyzing 11-year GNSS datasets, it is illustrated that estimates of the ionospheric process noise are strongly correlated with the solar flux index F10.7. These estimates also indicate a seasonal variation, with the highest level of variation observed during the spring and autumn equinoxes.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Optical and Laser Remote Sensin
Canonical Cohen-Macaulay property and Lyubeznik numbers under Gröbner deformations
No full textIn this note we draw some interesting consequences of the recent results on squarefree Gröbner degenerations obtained by Conca and the second author
A novel approach in electron beam radiation therapy of lips carcinoma: A Monte Carlo study
No full textLocal Historiography in Early Medieval Iran and the <i>Tārīkh-i Bayhaq</i>
No full textDuring the medieval period iran produced one of the richest repertoires of local histories in the Islamic world. Ibn Funduq, the author of the local history of Bayhaq studied here, enumerates 15 local histories of Khurasan alone. These include three local histories of Marv by al-ᶜAbbas b. Musᶜab b. Bishr, Abu'l-Hasan Ahmad b. Sayyar (198-268/814-881), and Abu'l-ᶜAbbas b. Saᶜid al-Maᶜdani (d. 375/986). (al-Sakhawi calls Musᶜab b. Bishr's work a “history of (the city).“) To these Ibn Funduq adds two local histories of Herat by Abu Ishaq Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Yunis (?) al-Bazzaz and Abu Ishaq Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Saᶜid al-Haddad. (Sakhawi, apparently confused, attributes both histories to Abu Ishaq Muhammad b. Yasin al-Harawi al-Haddad); a Tārīkh-i Bukhārā va Samarqand by Saᶜd b. Janah; two histories of Khwarazm by al-Sari b. Dalwiya and Abu ᶜAbdallah Muhammad b. Saᶜid respectively; a history of Balkh by Abu ᶜAbdallah Muhammad b. ᶜAqil al-Faqih;</jats:p
Ethylmalonic Aciduria and Report of One Case from Iran
No full textThis condition is due to deficiency in electron transport flavoprotein or electron transport fluvoprotein dehydrogenase.The clinical presentation is characteristic of fatty acid oxidation disorders. This disorder is poor prognostic and death in infancy is common.The central nervous system involving causes neurodevelopmental delay, hypotonia, and head lag. Different type of seizures such as infantile spasm and generalized tonic clonic seizure begin in infancy and become refractory to antiepileptic drugs. Also episodes of status epilepticus are frequent. Neurological exam shows manifestation of upper motor neuron disease including exaggerated deep tendon reflex, ankle clonus and positive Babinski sign.Infectious disease and Intercurrent illnesses may lead to neurological deterioration and coma or death in the first few years of life. Also hemorrhagic episodes, for example, petechiae, ecchymose, hematuria and blood in stool associated with infectious disease is common manifestation.The hematologic investigations show no evidence of abnormalities in clotting and platelet function.The facial features of these patients resemble to each other and are mildly dismorphic. Sometimes the nasal bridge is depressed.Neuroimaging evaluation revealed delayed myelination and frontotemporal atrophy with high T2 intensity in basal ganglia.Acute catabolic state with crises of lactic academia and hypoglycemia are frequent but lactate and pyruvate can remain high between attacks.During attacks lactate level as high as 17 mmol/l and acidosis is more severe with PH values of 7.05 to 7.10.The major metabolic abnormality is high excretion of ethylmalonic acid in the urine.This disorder is transmitted in an autosomal recessive trait and boys and girls have been reported in same family.Ethyl malonicaciduria is lethal during infancy or first few years of life. Treatment with carnitine, vitamin C, vitamin D and riboflavin did not show dramatic effect. Diet with restricted methionine is helpful for decrease excretion of ethylmalonic acid in the urine and decrease the level of serum lactate and pyruvate.Case presentation A 2-year-old boy was referred to author’ clinic for evaluation of neurodevelopmental delay.He was the product of first pregnancy of consanguineous parents born by cesarean section.He had rolling and creeping but did not have the ability of sitting, standing and walking. He could not speak. He had a history of admission for bloody stool after 20 days of birth but hematologic evaluation did not confirm abnormal evidence.Neurological exam showed cerebral hypotonia (hypotonicity with no weight bearing and exaggerated deep tendon reflex). MRI revealed abnormal signal intensity in periventricular white matter and basal ganglia.Routine lab exam and venous blood Gas, ammonia and high performance liquid chromatography were in normal limits. Serum lactate level was mildly elevated.Urine organic acid showed high ethlymalonic acid 2125 mmol/molcreatinine (normal<17), therefore the diagnosis of ethyl malonicacidurai was confirmed.
