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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Study of the evolution of the number of chromosomes in healthy and tumor cells using the macrokaryotype concept
No full textStanična dioba je proces od temeljne važnosti za život čiji je ispravan tijek nužan za propagaciju roditeljskog kariotipa, skupa kromosoma u stanici, u novonastalim stanicama kćerima. Ipak, moguć je nastanak pogrešaka tijekom diobe. Jedna od pogrešaka do koje može doći jest nepravilna raspodjela kromosoma. Ona dovodi do odstupanja kariotipa stanica kćeri od kariotipa roditeljskih stanica. Promjena kariotipa stanica nekih mikroorganizama može služiti boljoj prilagodbi tih organizama na okolinu, a u stanicama sisavaca može promovirati tumorigenezu. Dugodose žne posljedice pogrešne podjele kromosoma i drugih procesa na evoluciju kariotipa nisu potpuno istražene. Da bi se identificirali temeljni mehanizmi koji su zaslužni za odredeni tijek evolucije kariotipa populacije stanica, praktično je koristiti matematičke modele. U ovom radu korišten je koncept makrokariotipa za vizualizaciju evolucije populacije stanica kvasca primjenom na rezultate iz literature. Pronadeno je da se u početku evolucije pojavljuju kariotipi koji imaju kombinacije isključivo 3 i 4 kopije kromosoma, što sugerira da stanice zadržavaju uravnotežen broj kromosoma. Korištenjem pristupa srednjeg polja odredena je dinamika evolucije kariotipa te je pronadeno da upravo stanice koje imaju 3 i 4 kopije kromosoma moraju biti one koje su najbolje prilagodene okolini - moraju imati najveći stanični fitness. Zaključno, eksperimenti i teorija sugeriraju da uravnotežen sastav kariotipa odreduje smjer evolucije populacije stanica kvasca.Cell division is a process of fundamental importance for life, the correct course of which is necessary for the propagation of the parental karyotype, the set of chromosomes in the parent cell, in newly formed daughter cells. However, errors may occur during division. One of the errors that can occur is the irregular distribution of chromosomes. It leads to the deviation of the karyotype of the daughter cells from the karyotype of the parent cells. Changes in the karyotype of the cells of some microorganisms can serve the purpose of better adaptation of the organisms to their environment, on the other hand, in mammalian cells such changes can promote tumorigenesis. The long-term consequences of missegregation and other processes on karyotype evolution are not fully understood. To identify the fundamental mechanisms that are responsible for a certain course of evolution of the karyotype of a population of cells, it is practical to use mathematical models. In this work, the macro-karyotype concept was used for visualizing the evolution of the yeast cell population by applying the concept to results from the literature. Karyotypes with combinations of only 3 and 4 copies of chromosomes were found early in evolution, suggesting that cells maintain a balanced number of chromosomes. Using the mean-field approach, the dynamics of karyotype evolution were determined and it was found that cells with 3 and 4 copies of chromosomes must be the ones that thrive in the given environment - they must have higher cell fitness. In conclusion, both experiments and theory suggest that a balanced karyotype composition determines the direction of yeast cell evolution
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Study of the evolution of the number of chromosomes in healthy and tumor cells using the macrokaryotype concept
No full textStanična dioba je proces od temeljne važnosti za život čiji je ispravan tijek nužan za propagaciju roditeljskog kariotipa, skupa kromosoma u stanici, u novonastalim stanicama kćerima. Ipak, moguć je nastanak pogrešaka tijekom diobe. Jedna od pogrešaka do koje može doći jest nepravilna raspodjela kromosoma. Ona dovodi do odstupanja kariotipa stanica kćeri od kariotipa roditeljskih stanica. Promjena kariotipa stanica nekih mikroorganizama može služiti boljoj prilagodbi tih organizama na okolinu, a u stanicama sisavaca može promovirati tumorigenezu. Dugodose žne posljedice pogrešne podjele kromosoma i drugih procesa na evoluciju kariotipa nisu potpuno istražene. Da bi se identificirali temeljni mehanizmi koji su zaslužni za odredeni tijek evolucije kariotipa populacije stanica, praktično je koristiti matematičke modele. U ovom radu korišten je koncept makrokariotipa za vizualizaciju evolucije populacije stanica kvasca primjenom na rezultate iz literature. Pronadeno je da se u početku evolucije pojavljuju kariotipi koji imaju kombinacije isključivo 3 i 4 kopije kromosoma, što sugerira da stanice zadržavaju uravnotežen broj kromosoma. Korištenjem pristupa srednjeg polja odredena je dinamika evolucije kariotipa te je pronadeno da upravo stanice koje imaju 3 i 4 kopije kromosoma moraju biti one koje su najbolje prilagodene okolini - moraju imati najveći stanični fitness. Zaključno, eksperimenti i teorija sugeriraju da uravnotežen sastav kariotipa odreduje smjer evolucije populacije stanica kvasca.Cell division is a process of fundamental importance for life, the correct course of which is necessary for the propagation of the parental karyotype, the set of chromosomes in the parent cell, in newly formed daughter cells. However, errors may occur during division. One of the errors that can occur is the irregular distribution of chromosomes. It leads to the deviation of the karyotype of the daughter cells from the karyotype of the parent cells. Changes in the karyotype of the cells of some microorganisms can serve the purpose of better adaptation of the organisms to their environment, on the other hand, in mammalian cells such changes can promote tumorigenesis. The long-term consequences of missegregation and other processes on karyotype evolution are not fully understood. To identify the fundamental mechanisms that are responsible for a certain course of evolution of the karyotype of a population of cells, it is practical to use mathematical models. In this work, the macro-karyotype concept was used for visualizing the evolution of the yeast cell population by applying the concept to results from the literature. Karyotypes with combinations of only 3 and 4 copies of chromosomes were found early in evolution, suggesting that cells maintain a balanced number of chromosomes. Using the mean-field approach, the dynamics of karyotype evolution were determined and it was found that cells with 3 and 4 copies of chromosomes must be the ones that thrive in the given environment - they must have higher cell fitness. In conclusion, both experiments and theory suggest that a balanced karyotype composition determines the direction of yeast cell evolution
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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