1,721,257 research outputs found
Has IBD specialists' awareness of biosimilar monoclonal antibodies changed? Results from a survey amongst ECCO members
No full textChanges in Biosimilar Knowledge among European Crohn's Colitis Organization [ECCO] Members: An Updated Survey
No full textBackground: In 2013, a ECCO survey showed that a minority of IBD specialists was aware and confident about the benefits and issues of biosimilars. We aimed to look at the evolution of IBD specialists' thinking about biosimilars one year after they had become available in the European Union. Methods: A 14-question anonymous survey was posted on the ECCO website. Members voluntarily responded in response to ECCO office invitations to participate in their surveys. Information on gender, job position, country, and experience with biologics also were collected. Results: Out of the 118 responders, only 17% of responders had no access to biosimilars. Most responders regarded cost-sparing [92.4%] as the main advantage of biosimilars, considered immunogenicity [69%] to be their main concern, and estimated that post-marketing pharmacovigilance, well-designed randomized clinical trials and further studies of risk profile were needed [30.5%, 27%, 32.2%, respectively, a 30-40% reduction since 2013]. Only 35% of physicians think biosimilars should carry distinct International Nonproprietary Names, as compared with 66% in 2013, and 89.8% disagreed with automatic substitution of the originator with a biosimilar by a pharmacist. The originator and biosimilar were considered interchangeable by 44.4% of responders, as compared with 6% in 2013. Only 32.2% were against the extrapolation across indications, and only 25% would not extrapolate data across IBD. Finally, only 19.5% felt little or no confidence in the use of biosimilars, as compared with 63% in 2013. Conclusion: IBD specialists are generally well informed and educated about biosimilars. Compared with in 2013, there are now fewer concerns and more confidence about their use in clinical practice
Exciton-phonon scattering and photoexcitation dynamics in J-aggregate microcavities
No full textWe have developed a model accounting for the photoexcitation dynamics and the photoluminescence of strongly coupled J-aggregate microcavities. Our model is based on a description of the J-aggregate film as a disordered Frenkel exciton system, in which relaxation occurs due to the presence of a thermal bath of molecular vibrations. In a strongly coupled microcavity exciton polaritons are formed, mixing super-radiant excitons and cavity photons. The calculation of the microcavity steady-state photoluminescence, following a cw nonresonant pumping, is carried out. The experimental photoluminescence intensity ratio between upper and lower polariton branches is accurately reproduced. In particular, both thermal activation of the photoluminescence intensity ratio and its Rabi splitting dependence are a consequence of the bottleneck in the relaxation, occurring at the bottom of the excitonic reservoir. The effects due to radiative channels of decay of excitons and to the presence of a particular set of discrete optical molecular vibrations active in relaxation processes are investigated
Photophysics of J-aggregate microcavities
No full textWe have developed a model in order to account for the photo-excitation dynamics of J-aggregate films and strongly coupled J-aggregate microcavities. The J-aggregates are described as a disordered Frenkel exciton system in which relaxation occurs due to the presence of a thermal bath of molecular vibrations. The link between the J-aggregate film and the microcavities is obtained introducing a model polariton wavefunction mixing cavity photon modes and J-aggregate superradiant excitons. With the same approach we have calculated both absorption and luminescence spectra for the J-aggregate film and the photoluminescence of strongly coupled organic microcavities. The model is able to explain the organic microcavities fast relaxation dynamics and polariton luminescence following non resonant pumping starting from the excitonic properties of the optically active layer
Simulation of J-aggregate microcavity photoluminescence
No full textWe have developed a model in order to account for the photoexcitation dynamics of J-aggregate films and strongly coupled J-aggregate microcavities. The I aggregates are described as a disordered Frenkel exciton system in which relaxation occurs due to the presence of a thermal bath of molecular vibrations. The correspondence between the photophysics in J-aggregate films and that in J-aggregate microcavities is obtained by introducing a model polariton wave function mixing cavity photon modes and J-aggregate super-radiant exci-, tons. With the same description of the material properties, we have calculated both absorption and luminescence spectra for the J-aggregate film and the photoiuminescence of strongly coupled organic microcavities. The model is able to account for the fast relaxation dynamics in organic microcavities following nonresonant pumping and explains the temperature dependence of the ratio between the upper polariton and the lower polariton luminescence
Polariton states in disordered organic microcavities
No full textIn typical organic based microcavities, large values of Rabi splitting are accompanied by any amount of structural disorder. We present a microscopic approach which treats on equal footing the strong light-matter coupling and the disorder scattering which breaks translational symmetry. Through direct numerical diagonalization in a long, but finite, disordered one-dimensional microcavity, the nature of the eigenstates is elucidated and compared to that of the plane-wave-like cavity polaritons of a perfect system. It is shown that delocalized states with well defined wave vectors or strongly localized states may occur, depending on their energy. In particular, at energies close to the excitonic resonance as well as at the bottom of the polariton branches, the states are definitely not plane-wave-like
Polariton dynamics in disordered microcavities
No full textThe behaviour of cavity polaritons is strongly affected by disorder scattering in traditional inorganic semiconductor microcavities and, much more, in organic semiconductor microcavities. In the presence of disorder coherent cavity polaritons having a well defined in-plane wavevector coexist with incoherent states having a localized character. We here study through a numerical simulation of a one-dimensional disordered microcavity in the strong coupling regime, the polariton wavefunction character and the dynamical behaviour of excited wave packets. A detailed microscopic picture is obtained which substantiates the coexistence of both propagating and localized states over time and length scales of experimental relevance. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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