1,721,017 research outputs found
Paremiološki optimum. Najbolj poznani in pogosti pregovori ter sorodne paremije v slovenščini
No full textThe work presents the set of the 300 most well-known and most frequent proverbs, sayings and similar paremiological units in modern Slovene, its theoretical and methodological basis and also how it can be used in different phraseological and phraseographical tasks. The concept of the paremiological optimum was developed by Ďurčo and it combines the concept of the Permjakov’s paremiological minimum of the most well-known units with corpus-based and frequency-oriented analyses. 316 Slovene speakers were included in the sociolinguistic test and the top list of the 300 most well-known out of 918 units presented to them was additionally arranged according to their frequency in the FidaPLUS language corpus. Author presents different search procedures which he used in the language corpora. The paremiological optimum is modernized according to the most frequent form of each unit in the Gigafida language corpus. The comparative research of the Slovak and Slovene paremiology based on the paremiological optimum is presented in details. Author also describes how the data he gained can be used in the lexicography.Monografija se ukvarja s paremiologijo – delom stavčne frazeologije z žanrskimi značilnostmi pregovorov, rekov, velerizmov in sorodnih paremioloških enot. Predstavlja s sociolingvistično in korpusno raziskavo zamejeno jedro slovenskih paremioloških enot oziroma paremij. Paremiološki minimum – seznam tristotih najbolj poznanih paremioloških enot – je bil do sedaj določen že v vrsti jezikov, vrzel v slovenski frazeologiji delo ne le zapolnjuje, temveč gre še korak dlje. Avtor je paremiološki minimum po slovaškem vzoru s podatki o pogostnosti enot v jezikovnem korpusu nadgradil v paremiološki optimum. V delu sta podrobno predstavljeni sociolingvistična spletna raziskava poznanosti 918 paremioloških enot, izpisanih iz dveh slovarjev ter korpusna raziskava pogostnosti 300 najbolj poznanih izmed njih. Delo prinaša še medjezikovno primerjavo slovenskega in slovaškega paremiološkega optimuma. Predstavljene so tudi oporne točke za nadaljnje raziskave zaledja paremiološkega minimuma ter optimuma, npr. najbolj poznani slovenski antipregovori, ki jim je bilo v slovenskih raziskavah do sedaj posvečeno malo pozornosti. Nazorno je prikazana tudi uporabnost opravljenih raziskav za slovaropisje
Paremiološki optimum. Najbolj poznani in pogosti pregovori ter sorodne paremije v slovenščini
No full textThe work presents the set of the 300 most well-known and most frequent proverbs, sayings and similar paremiological units in modern Slovene, its theoretical and methodological basis and also how it can be used in different phraseological and phraseographical tasks. The concept of the paremiological optimum was developed by Ďurčo and it combines the concept of the Permjakov’s paremiological minimum of the most well-known units with corpus-based and frequency-oriented analyses. 316 Slovene speakers were included in the sociolinguistic test and the top list of the 300 most well-known out of 918 units presented to them was additionally arranged according to their frequency in the FidaPLUS language corpus. Author presents different search procedures which he used in the language corpora. The paremiological optimum is modernized according to the most frequent form of each unit in the Gigafida language corpus. The comparative research of the Slovak and Slovene paremiology based on the paremiological optimum is presented in details. Author also describes how the data he gained can be used in the lexicography.Monografija se ukvarja s paremiologijo – delom stavčne frazeologije z žanrskimi značilnostmi pregovorov, rekov, velerizmov in sorodnih paremioloških enot. Predstavlja s sociolingvistično in korpusno raziskavo zamejeno jedro slovenskih paremioloških enot oziroma paremij. Paremiološki minimum – seznam tristotih najbolj poznanih paremioloških enot – je bil do sedaj določen že v vrsti jezikov, vrzel v slovenski frazeologiji delo ne le zapolnjuje, temveč gre še korak dlje. Avtor je paremiološki minimum po slovaškem vzoru s podatki o pogostnosti enot v jezikovnem korpusu nadgradil v paremiološki optimum. V delu sta podrobno predstavljeni sociolingvistična spletna raziskava poznanosti 918 paremioloških enot, izpisanih iz dveh slovarjev ter korpusna raziskava pogostnosti 300 najbolj poznanih izmed njih. Delo prinaša še medjezikovno primerjavo slovenskega in slovaškega paremiološkega optimuma. Predstavljene so tudi oporne točke za nadaljnje raziskave zaledja paremiološkega minimuma ter optimuma, npr. najbolj poznani slovenski antipregovori, ki jim je bilo v slovenskih raziskavah do sedaj posvečeno malo pozornosti. Nazorno je prikazana tudi uporabnost opravljenih raziskav za slovaropisje
Paremiološki optimum
Full text linkThe work presents the set of the 300 most well-known and most frequent proverbs, sayings and similar paremiological units in modern Slovene, its theoretical and methodological basis and also how it can be used in different phraseological and phraseographical tasks. The concept of the paremiological optimum was developed by Ďurčo and it combines the concept of the Permjakov’s paremiological minimum of the most well-known units with corpus-based and frequency-oriented analyses. 316 Slovene speakers were included in the sociolinguistic test and the top list of the 300 most well-known out of 918 units presented to them was additionally arranged according to their frequency in the FidaPLUS language corpus. Author presents different search procedures which he used in the language corpora. The paremiological optimum is modernized according to the most frequent form of each unit in the Gigafida language corpus. The comparative research of the Slovak and Slovene paremiology based on the paremiological optimum is presented in details. Author also describes how the data he gained can be used in the lexicography.Monografija se ukvarja s paremiologijo – delom stavčne frazeologije z žanrskimi značilnostmi pregovorov, rekov, velerizmov in sorodnih paremioloških enot. Predstavlja s sociolingvistično in korpusno raziskavo zamejeno jedro slovenskih paremioloških enot oziroma paremij. Paremiološki minimum – seznam tristotih najbolj poznanih paremioloških enot – je bil do sedaj določen že v vrsti jezikov, vrzel v slovenski frazeologiji delo ne le zapolnjuje, temveč gre še korak dlje. Avtor je paremiološki minimum po slovaškem vzoru s podatki o pogostnosti enot v jezikovnem korpusu nadgradil v paremiološki optimum. V delu sta podrobno predstavljeni sociolingvistična spletna raziskava poznanosti 918 paremioloških enot, izpisanih iz dveh slovarjev ter korpusna raziskava pogostnosti 300 najbolj poznanih izmed njih. Delo prinaša še medjezikovno primerjavo slovenskega in slovaškega paremiološkega optimuma. Predstavljene so tudi oporne točke za nadaljnje raziskave zaledja paremiološkega minimuma ter optimuma, npr. najbolj poznani slovenski antipregovori, ki jim je bilo v slovenskih raziskavah do sedaj posvečeno malo pozornosti. Nazorno je prikazana tudi uporabnost opravljenih raziskav za slovaropisje
Aktualna raba in pomenska določljivost 200 pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov
Full text linkTwo hundred paremiological expressions from four different sources have been analyzed with the help of language corpora and questionnaires. Of interest was the contemporary usage of the units analyzed (and their variants) and the possibility of determining their meaning with the help of the context they are used in. A list of the two hundred units analyzed is presented with the results of the analysis and an estimation of the quality of the four paremiological sources. The units with proven contemporary usage and determined meaning will be included in the first issue of the growing online Dictionary of Proverbs and Similar Paremiological Expressions.S pomočjo jezikovnih korpusov in anket smo analizirali 200 paremioloških izrazov iz štirih različnih virov. Zanimala nas je aktualna raba teh izrazov (in njihovih variant) ter njihova pomenska določljivost s pomočjo njihovega sobesedila. Predstavljamo seznam 200 analiziranih enot z rezultati analize in oceno kakovosti izhodiščnih virov tega paremiološkega gradiva. Enote z dokazano aktualno rabo in določenim pomenom bodo vključene v prvo izdajo rastočega spletnega Slovarja pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov
Raziskave nekonvencionalnih replik za prikaz v zbirki ter Slovarju pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov
Full text linkIn the article I describe an online survey about unconventional phraseological replies in Slovenian and the findings of some previous research. The most important information which is being gathered in the survey is the information on the familiarity and variability of more than 250 replies presented to the respondents. I present some of the results of the survey and describe how these will be presented in the paremiological collection of unconventional replies and in the Dictionary of Proverbs and Similar Paremiological Expressions on the Fran web portal.V prispevku predstavljam zasnovo spletne anketne raziskave o nekonvencionalnih frazeoloških replikah v slovenščini in nekaj izsledkov raziskav pred njo. Najpomembnejša podatka, ki ju pridobivamo s pomočjo ankete, sta poznanost in variantnost več kot 250 replik, prikazanih anketirancem. Predstavljam nekaj izsledkov trenutne spletne raziskave in opisujem, kako jih bomo lahko predstavili v paremiološki zbirki nekonvencionalnih replik ter v Slovarju pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov na portalu Fran
Slovar pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov 2023
No full textSlovar pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov 2023 ('Dictionary of Proverbs and Similar Paremiological Expressions 2023') is the first paremiological dictionary for Slovenian. It shows proverbs and proverb-related (paremiological) expressions as independent headwords. It contains 400 headwords. Each headword is presented with the most frequently used basic form of the expression, the type of expression (paremiological genre), variants attested in contemporary material, an explanation of meaning and examples of usage from contemporary texts. The dictionary also shows semantically related expressions, if these are already included in the dictionary. Proverbs dominate among the headwords, but the dictionary also includes weather proverbs, proverbial sayings, folk beliefs (superstitions), slogans, antiproverbs, wellerisms, unconventional phraseological replies and other paremiological genres. The dictionary was compiled by analysing material from Slovenian language corpora, which contain a large number of different texts of modern Slovenian from the 1990s onwards and are available in the corpus of combined Slovenian corpora metaFida 1.0. When compiling the dictionary, we also used data collected by interviewing Slovenian speakers.Slovar pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov 2023 je prvi paremiološki slovar za slovenščino. Prikazuje pregovore in izraze pregovorom sorodnih (paremioloških) žanrov kot samostojne iztočnice. Obsega 400 iztočnic. Vsaka iztočnica je predstavljena z osnovno slovarsko obliko izraza, ki je v rabi najbolj pogosta, tipom izraza (paremiološkim žanrom), v sodobnem gradivu izpričanimi variantami, pomensko razlago in zgledi rabe iz sodobnih besedil. Slovarski sestavek prikazuje tudi z iztočnico pomensko povezane izraze, če so ti v slovarju že predstavljeni. Med iztočnicami prevladujejo pregovori, v slovar pa so vključeni tudi vremenski pregovori, reki, verovanja (vraže), slogani, antipregovori, velerizmi, nekonvencionalne frazeološke replike in drugi paremiološki žanri. Slovar pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov je nastal z analizo gradiva jezikovnih korpusov slovenščine, ki vključujejo obsežno število različnih besedil sodobne slovenščine od 90. let prejšnjega stoletja dalje in so na voljo v zbirnem korpusu metaFida 1.0. Pri nastanku slovarja smo uporabili tudi podatke, ki smo jih zbrali z anketiranjem govorcev slovenščine
Objašnjenja značenja za paremiološke žanrove u rječnicima eSSKJ i SPP; Što se izražava poslovicom, izrekom, praznovjerjem, vremenskom poslovicom, antiposlovicom, wellerizmom, sloganom i nekonvencionalnim odgovorom?
Full text linkThis article presents theory-based model explanations of meaning and compares them with the explanations of meaning presented in the Dictionary of the Slovenian Standard Language, third edition, and the Dictionary of Proverbs and Similar Paremiological Expressions – the paremiological dictionary of contemporary Slovenian. The making of model explanations of meaning is connected particularly with a desire to help lexicographers to present the meanings of paremiological expressions as uniformly as possible. The article discusses the scope of paremiological genres included in both dictionaries, describes the theoretical basis for the making of the model explanations of the meaning, and presents concrete examples of the explanations of meaning for expressions belonging to seven paremiological genres and certain subgenres.U članku su prikazani teorijski modeli značenja sedam paremioloških vrsta i pojedinih podvrsta. Prikazana je i teorijska podloga za izradu modela značenja za svaku paremiološku vrstu (poslovica, izreka, praznovjerje, antiposlovica, wellerizam, slogan inekonvencionalni frazeološki odgovor). Poslovica izražava uvjerenje da je radnja ili stanje rezultat nekog općeg načela i nudi pouku; izreka opisuje obilježje radnje ili stanja (bez pouke); praznovjerje izražava praznovjerno uvjerenje da je radnja ili stanje rezultat nekog općeg načela; slogan izražava poziv na djelovanje ili stanje, u nekim slučajevima sadržava i pouku; antiposlovica parodijski izražava kritiku uvjerenja da je radnja ili stanje rezultat nekog općeg načela i da je pouka određene poslovice valjana; wellerizam izražava kritiku vjerovanja u pouku određenoga (paremiološkog ili neparemiološkog) izraza predstavljajući ga u izravnom govoru i uz parodiranje izravnoga govora; nekonvencionalni odgovor izražava duhovit, razigran, namjerno neprikladan odgovor na izraz sugovornika. Uz prikaz glavnih značajka razmatranih paremioloških vrsta u radu se uspoređuju teorijski modeli značenja s njihovom praktičnom primjenom u dvama mrežnim rječnicima: Rječniku slovenskoga standardnog jezika, treće izdanje (Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika, tretja izdaja – eSSKJ) i Rječniku poslovica i sličnih paremioloških izraza (Slovar pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov – SPP) – paremiološkomu rječniku suvremenoga slovenskog jezika. U radu se navode konkretni primjeri objašnjenja značenja te primjeri njihove uporabe
Empirični pristopi k razločevanju med neparemiološkimi in paremiološkimi stavčnimi frazemi
Full text linkSociolinguistic and corpus‑based approaches can be used to study the boundary between paremiological and non‑paremiological material. This study primarily examines whether speakers and researchers perceive a certain group of phrasemes as being representative of the (paremiological) genre or not. Second, it examines semantic and pragmatic features, the corpus frequency of these units, and the presence or absence of introductory formulas typical of paremiological units. In this manner it distinguishes units that should be placed at the edge of the paremiological spectrum from those that represent the edge of the non‑paremiological spectrum of sentential phraseology. It is proposed that a line be drawn between “sayings” and non‑paremiological sentential phrasemes in this manner.Za raziskovanje meje med paremiološkim in neparemiološkim spektrom lahko uporabimo nekatere sociolingvistične in korpusne pristope. Najprej nas zanima, ali je med govorci in raziskovalci določena skupina frazemov žanrsko uzaveščena ali ne. Potem se osredotočamo na semantične in pragmatične sestavine, pogostnost v jezikovnem korpusu in na prisotnost ali odsotnost tipičnih paremioloških uvajalnih sredstev. Tako poskušamo raz‑likovati med enotami, ki spadajo na rob paremiološkega spektra, in tistimi, ki spadajo na rob neparemiološkega spektra stavčne frazeologije. S tem predlagamo empirično ločnico med reki in neparemiološkimi stavčnimi frazemi
Slovenian Antiproverbs in the Dictionary of Proverbs and Similar Paremiological Expressions
Full text linkPredstavljamo in analiziramo antipregovore, ki so se uvrstili v Slovar pregovorov in sorodnih paremioloških izrazov, ki na portalu Fran izhaja od leta 2020. Antipregovor je poseben paremiološki žanr, ki nastane s parodičnim posegom v zgradbo pregovora. Opisujemo merila, ki smo jih upoštevali za uvrstitev ustaljenih slovenskih antipregovorov v paremiološki slovar. Analizirali bomo zgradbo in pomenske značilnosti antipregovorov, ki so predstavljeni v slovarju, nato pa pokazali, kako se te lastnosti odražajo v naslednjih tipih slovarskih podatkov: v pomenskih razlagah, navedenih ustaljenih variantah in avtentičnih zgledih rabe. Poleg tega bomo v navezavi na analizo zgradbe antipregovorov razmislili o tem, kateri so najverjetneje specifični za slovenski jezik, kateri pa so razširjeni širše ali pa vsaj v še enem slovanskem jeziku (na primeru slovaških ustreznic slovenskih antipregovorov).We present and analyse antiproverbs that we have included in the Dictionary of Proverbs and Similar Paremiological Expressions. The dictionary has been published on the Fran portal since 2020. An antiproverb is a special paremiological genre created by a parodistic intervention in the structure of a proverb. We describe the criteria we applied for the inclusion of established Slovene antiproverbs in the paremiological dictionary. First we analyse the structure and semantic features of the antiproverbs presented in the dictionary, and then show how these features are reflected in the following types of dictionary data: in explanations of meaning, presented fixed variants and authentic examples of usage. Furthermore, in the context of analysing the structure of antiproverbs, we determine which are specific to the Slovene language and which are rather widespread or at least present in more than one Slavic language (using the example of Slovak equivalents of Slovene antiproverbs)
Analiza rabe paremioloških uvajalnih sredstev v parlamentarnih razpravah iz korpusa SiParl
No full textParemiološka uvajalna sredstva so izrazi, ki spremljajo paremiološke enote v pisnem in govorjenem sporazumevanju. So bogat vir podatkov o paremiologiji in odnosu govorcev do nje. Ob slovarskem delu, ki obsega veliko korpusnih analiz in analiz besedil iz drugih virov, urejamo rastočo zbirko paremioloških uvajalnih sredstev. Pokazali bomo, kako lahko uvajalna sredstva, najdena z izpisovanjem iz korpusov Gigafida, Janes in slWaC, ter njihove številne variante bolj sistematično iščemo v teh treh korpusih in v korpusu SiParl z uporabo jezika CQL. Raziskali bomo rabo uvajalnih sredstev v vlogi retoričnega orodja javnih nastopov v državnem zboru.Paremiological text introducers are expressions with which paremiological units
are presented in written and spoken communication They provide rich information on
paremiology and the attitude of the speakers towards it. During lexicographical work which includes a lot of corpus analysis and analysis of other texts, the collection of text introducers was established. The aim of the paper is to show how text introducers gathered in Gigafida, slWaC and Janes corpora and their numerous variants can be found even more systematically in the same three corpora and the Siparl corpus with the use of the Corpus query language. The use of text introducers as rhetorical tools in parliamentary speeches in the Slovene parliament is presented
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