1,720,982 research outputs found
Traitement de la prosodie émotionnelle dans le trouble du spectre de l’autisme : approche comportementale et neurophysiologique
No full textInternational audienceBoth socio-emotional impairments and repetitive behaviors/specific interests are required to establish a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Yet, little research has attempted to integrate socio-emotional and perceptive domains to explain ASD impairments. It remains unclear whether the difficulties in ASD individuals stem from specific emotional deficits, heightened sensory sensitivities to social stimuli, or a combination of both. Vocal emotion perception and processing serve as a good model for exploring each stage of the Perception – Representation – Action loop in autism. This work includes the analysis of neural adaptation mechanisms through electrophysiology, the examination of internal representations of vocal emotions in psychophysics, and the exploration of automatic reactions induced by vocal smiles on facial muscles and the autonomic nervous system through electromyography and pupillometry measurements. While the perception and representation stages of vocal emotions appear relatively preserved in autism, the results reveal significant differences in the Action phase, suggesting difficulties with emotional embodiment in autism. This integrative approach enabled the dissociation of perceptual and emotional processes, pinpointing where the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms may occur, thus providing new mechanistic insights into the socio-emotional difficulties associated with autism.Bien que le diagnostic du trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) nécessite la présence conjointe de troubles de la communication sociale et de comportements répétitifs et spécifiques, peu d'études intègrent à la fois les domaines socio-émotionnel et perceptif. Il reste donc à établir si les difficultés des personnes autistes sont liées à des déficits émotionnels spécifiques, à des particularités sensorielles plus marquées pour les stimuli sociaux, ou à la combinaison des deux. La perception et le traitement des émotions vocales constituent un bon modèle pour explorer chacune des étapes de la boucle Perception – Représentation – Action dans l’autisme. Ce travail inclut l'analyse des mécanismes d'adaptation neurale en électrophysiologie, l'examen des représentations internes des émotions vocales en psychophysique, et l'exploration des réactions automatiques induites par les sourires vocaux sur les muscles faciaux et le système nerveux autonome via des mesures électromyographiques et pupillométriques. Alors que les étapes de perception et de représentation des émotions vocales semblent relativement préservées dans l’autisme, les résultatsrévèlent des différences importantes dans la phase d’Action, suggérant des difficultés d’incarnation des émotions dans l’autisme. Cette approche intégrative originale a permis de dissocier les processus perceptifs et émotionnels, de déterminer à quel niveau les processus physiopathologiques peuvent intervenir, et procure ainsi un nouvel éclairage mécanistique sur les difficultés socio-émotionnelles dans l’autisme
Traitement de la prosodie émotionnelle dans le trouble du spectre de l’autisme : approche comportementale et neurophysiologique
No full textInternational audienceBoth socio-emotional impairments and repetitive behaviors/specific interests are required to establish a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Yet, little research has attempted to integrate socio-emotional and perceptive domains to explain ASD impairments. It remains unclear whether the difficulties in ASD individuals stem from specific emotional deficits, heightened sensory sensitivities to social stimuli, or a combination of both. Vocal emotion perception and processing serve as a good model for exploring each stage of the Perception – Representation – Action loop in autism. This work includes the analysis of neural adaptation mechanisms through electrophysiology, the examination of internal representations of vocal emotions in psychophysics, and the exploration of automatic reactions induced by vocal smiles on facial muscles and the autonomic nervous system through electromyography and pupillometry measurements. While the perception and representation stages of vocal emotions appear relatively preserved in autism, the results reveal significant differences in the Action phase, suggesting difficulties with emotional embodiment in autism. This integrative approach enabled the dissociation of perceptual and emotional processes, pinpointing where the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms may occur, thus providing new mechanistic insights into the socio-emotional difficulties associated with autism.Bien que le diagnostic du trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) nécessite la présence conjointe de troubles de la communication sociale et de comportements répétitifs et spécifiques, peu d'études intègrent à la fois les domaines socio-émotionnel et perceptif. Il reste donc à établir si les difficultés des personnes autistes sont liées à des déficits émotionnels spécifiques, à des particularités sensorielles plus marquées pour les stimuli sociaux, ou à la combinaison des deux. La perception et le traitement des émotions vocales constituent un bon modèle pour explorer chacune des étapes de la boucle Perception – Représentation – Action dans l’autisme. Ce travail inclut l'analyse des mécanismes d'adaptation neurale en électrophysiologie, l'examen des représentations internes des émotions vocales en psychophysique, et l'exploration des réactions automatiques induites par les sourires vocaux sur les muscles faciaux et le système nerveux autonome via des mesures électromyographiques et pupillométriques. Alors que les étapes de perception et de représentation des émotions vocales semblent relativement préservées dans l’autisme, les résultatsrévèlent des différences importantes dans la phase d’Action, suggérant des difficultés d’incarnation des émotions dans l’autisme. Cette approche intégrative originale a permis de dissocier les processus perceptifs et émotionnels, de déterminer à quel niveau les processus physiopathologiques peuvent intervenir, et procure ainsi un nouvel éclairage mécanistique sur les difficultés socio-émotionnelles dans l’autisme
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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