1,721,121 research outputs found
Sur le travail théorique d'Alain Touraine
No full textMelucci Alberto. Sur le travail théorique d'Alain Touraine. In: Revue française de sociologie, 1975, 16-3. pp. 359-379
Lodovico Garruccio, L'industrializzazione tra nazionalismo e rivoluzione, Le ideologie politiche dei paesi in via di sviluppo, 1969
No full textMelucci Alberto. Lodovico Garruccio, L'industrializzazione tra nazionalismo e rivoluzione, Le ideologie politiche dei paesi in via di sviluppo, 1969. In: Sociologie du travail, 13ᵉ année n°2, Avril-juin 1971. Conflits sociaux et transformations des relations professionnelles en Italie et en France, sous la direction de Marc Maurice . pp. 216-217
La médiation ambiguë. Vers la formation d'un système institutionnel de relations professionnelles en Italie
No full textDans plusieurs articles antérieurs, la revue a tenté de suivre les transformations des relations professionnelles en Italie. Ici, l'auteur concentre son examen sur l'usage effectif d'une nouvelle loi qui permet aux organisations syndicales de porter devant le tribunal certaines revendications non plus individuelles mais collectives. Les points centraux de l'analyse sont : Dans quelles conditions les syndicats optent-ils pour ce recours légal, forme d'institutionnalisation ? Dans quelles situations au contraire préfèrent-ils les moyens plus proprement conflictuels ? Inversement, quelle place cette loi prend-elle dans l'évolution en cours de la magistrature, corps de notables en crise de par les bouleversements rapides de la structure sociale italienne en liaison avec l'industrialisation ?Melucci Alberto. La médiation ambiguë. Vers la formation d'un système institutionnel de relations professionnelles en Italie. In: Sociologie du travail, 17ᵉ année n°4, Octobre-décembre 1975. pp. 385-402
L'Aids come costruzione sociale
Get PDFL'emergere dell'Aids come rischio reale di epidemia e come trasformazione dell'immaginario collettivo in materia di sessualità ha segnato a partire dagli anni '80 non solo le politiche sociali ma la vita quotidiana, i comportamenti individuali e il tessuto profondo della cultura. Alla rilevazione e diffusione di dati medici ed epidemiologici (Scientific American 1988, Rondanelli 1987), le scienze sociali hanno affiancato contributi di ricerca che hanno percorso tre direzioni principali: da un lato si è cercato di ricostruire la percezione della malattia nell'immaginario sociale, soprattutto attraverso la diffusione dell'informazione televisiva, la stampa e le specifiche campagne realizzate; poi si è tentato di elaborare ipotesi e scenari sugli effetti di medio e lungo periodo che l'Aids produce nei rapporti sociali quotidiani, in particolare per quanto riguarda i comportamenti sessuali
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Individualisation et globalisation
No full textL’auteur souligne, d’entrée de jeu, que si beaucoup de réflexions contemporaines sur les rapports entre la société et l’État se terminent par des points d’interrogation, c’est parce que nous ne savons pas de quelle société nous sommes en train de parler. La conscience de cette limite devient ainsi un instrument méthodologique indispensable pour interroger l’actuelle société qui déplace ses investissements sur les dimensions symboliques de l’action humaine. Par la suite, l’auteur examine l’incidence sur cette société du fait que l’information soit devenue la ressource centrale dans la production de la reproduction. Il poursuit en se penchant sur la transformation de la logique de domination et l’obligation qu’elle entraîne de dégager de nouveaux instruments d’analyse et la nécessité de faire faire un saut qualitatif aux concepts sociologiques pour aborder avec pertinence les nouvelles questions que ce social nouveau impose. C’est là que se pose la problématique de l’information, comme ressource centrale, et de son rapport à l’individualisation socialisée. L’auteur conclut que cette nouvelle individualisation, caractérisée par la capacité d’apprendre à apprendre, met en jeu une certaine idée du sujet collectif. Alors, le problème pour l’analyste est de repérer le champ de dilemmes, de conflits, et les conditions d’apparition des acteurs, des mouvements sociaux. En conclusion, l’auteur souligne que l’interrogation scientifique sur le champ est elle-même un élément du champ, et donc que les chercheurs, analystes et théoriciens sont autant construits par l’action sociale qu’ils contribuent à la construction de cette dernière. Ce qui l’amène à terminer en précisant qu’en avoir conscience constitue pour le « scientifique » son seul avantage et sa seule responsabilité.The author begins by arguing that if many contemporary reflections on the relationships between state and society end in question marks, it is because we do not know which society it is we are talking about. Awareness of this limit then becomes an indispensable methodological tool in questioning current society which is shifting its investments to the symbolic dimensions of human action. Following this, the author examines the impact on this society of the fact that information has become the central resource in production and reproduction. He continues by focusing on the transformation of the logic of dominance and the ensuing obligation to articulate new tools of analysis and the need for a qualitative leap in sociological concepts in order to treat the issues raised by this new social reality. Herein lies the information problematic, as central resource, and its relationship to socialized individualization, which is characterized by the capacity to learn how to learn, and which brings into play a particular idea of the collective subject. As such, the problem for the researcher is to mark out the field of dilemmas and conflicts, and the conditions for the appearance of actors and social movements. The author concludes by underlining the fact that scientific research into the field is itself an element of the field, and, thus, that researchers, analysts and theorists are as much constructed by social action as contributors to its construction. The author ultimately argues that, for scientists, awareness of this is their only advantage and their only responsability.El autor afirma desde el comienzo que si muchas de las reflexiones contemporáneas sobre las relaciones entre la sociedad y el Estado se terminan con signos de interrogación, es porque no sabemos de qué sociedad estarnos hablando. La consciencia de este límite deviene un instrumento metodológico indispensable para interrogar la sociedad actual que desplaza sus inversiones sobre las dimensiones simbólicas de la acción humana. Seguidamente, el autor examina la incidencia sobre esta sociedad del hecho que la información se haya convertido en el recurso central de la producción y la reproducción. El autor analiza la transformación de la lógica de dominación y su obligación de establecer nuevos instrumentos de análisis, así como la necesidad de inducir un salto cualitativo en los conceptos sociológicos para abordar con pertinencia las nuevas cuestiones que impone lo socialmente nuevo. Es allí que se plantea la problemática de la información, como recurso central, y de su relación a la individualización socializada. El autor concluye que esta nueva individualización, caracterizada por la capacidad de aprender a aprender, lleva a una crisis de una cierta idea de sujeto colectivo. De este modo, el problema para el analista es el de distinguir el campo de dilemas, de conflictos, y las condiciones de aparición de los actores, de los movimientos sociales. El autor afirma que la investigación científica sobre el campo es ella misma un elemento del campo; en consecuencia los investigadores, analistas y teóricos son construidos por la acción social de la misma manera en que ellos contribuyen a la construcción de esta última. Ésto lo lleva a afirmar, finalmente, que tener consciencia constituye para el «científico» su única ventaja y su sola responsabilidad
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