11 research outputs found
Vision and falls: A multidisciplinary review of the contributions of visual impairment to falls among older adults
No full textAccountability and the Juxtaposition of Civil Society and Policing in a Period of Changing Norms: Using Independent Police Advisors
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the existing approaches to police accountability and how they may or may not address changing norms and expectations of civil society. It examines the role of independent police advisors and how they may contribute to bridging this divide.
Design/Methodology/Approach
The paper is a constructivist reflexive critique of the shortcomings of the mechanisms for policing accountability. It addresses human security considerations and the social contract in the existing populist charged social context and addresses other ways by which accountability may be achieved by challenging ideas and facilitating reconceptualization of accountability.
Findings
The advent of the independent advisor as employed by British Police forces is reviewed as a viable means of engaging communities to enable a constructive relationship built on accountability in advance of action rather than punitive recourse post crisis via complaint.
Originality/Value
An exploration of the relationship between the ‘critical friend’ Community engagement model of the UK independent police advisor and the role played by this approach in reconceptualising police accountability. The author spent 10 years as an advisor
Vision and falls: a multidisciplinary review of the contributions of visual impairment to falls among older adults
No full textFalls are a leading cause of mortality among older adults worldwide. With the increasing aging population, falls are rapidly becoming a public health concern. Numerous internal and external factors have been associated with an older adult's increased risk of falling. Most notably visual impairments are gaining recognition for their critical role in fall events, particularly related to trips, slips and falls due to environmental hazards. This review presents the issue of vision and falls from a multidisciplinary health professional perspective. Discussions include the influence of visual impairment on mobility and activities of daily living, the effects of medications on vision, visual cognitive factors on falls risk and visual training interventions. Finally, implications for multidisciplinary health professional practice and suggestions for future research are offered
Suicide attempt prevalence percentage using specific samples, ordered by population type (and then by author).
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Suicidal ideation prevalence percentage using specific samples, ordered by population type (and then by author).
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Assessing the format and content of journal published and non-journal published rapid review reports:A comparative study
Get PDFBACKGROUND: As production of rapid reviews (RRs) increases in healthcare, knowing how to efficiently convey RR evidence to various end-users is important given they are often intended to directly inform decision-making. Little is known about how often RRs are produced in the published or unpublished domains, and what and how information is structured. OBJECTIVES: To compare and contrast report format and content features of journal-published (JP) and non-journal published (NJP) RRs. METHODS: JP RRs were identified from key databases, and NJP RRs were identified from a grey literature search of 148 RR producing organizations and were sampled proportionate to cluster size by organization and product type to match the JP RR group. We extracted and formally compared 'how' (i.e., visual arrangement) and 'what' information was presented. RESULTS: We identified 103 RRs (52 JP and 51 NJP) from 2016. A higher percentage of certain features were observed in JP RRs compared to NJP RRs (e.g., reporting authors; use of a traditional journal article structure; section headers including abstract, methods, discussion, conclusions, acknowledgments, conflict of interests, and author contributions; and use of figures (e.g., Study Flow Diagram) in the main document). For NJP RRs, a higher percentage of features were observed (e.g., use non-traditional report structures; bannering of executive summary sections and appendices; use of typographic cues; and including outcome tables). NJP RRs were more than double in length versus JP RRs. Including key messages was uncommon in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: This comparative study highlights differences between JP and NJP RRs. Both groups may benefit from better use of plain language, and more clear and concise design. Alternative innovative formats and end-user preferences for content and layout should be studied further with thought given to other considerations to ensure better packaging of RR results to facilitate uptake into policy and practice. STUDY REGISTRATION: The full protocol is available at: https://osf.io/29xvk/
Robotic-Assisted Gait Training Therapies for Pediatric Cerebral Palsy: A Review
No full textBackground: Children and adolescents with CP experience many types of disability and functional impairment that effect the gait cycle. New robotic gait therapies adapted to pediatric patients provide a safe, highly repetitive, and task-specific therapeutic venue for the rehabilitation and elicitation of a more natural walking gait. While the use of robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT) is a relatively novel therapeutic approach to gait therapy, several studies have examined the efficacy of this therapeutic modality in pediatric patients with CP.Purpose: The purpose of this review is to examine the trends in the therapeutic efficacy of utilizing RAGT therapy as a gait restorative modality for children with CP.Results: The present studies show that RAGT therapy may provide multiple therapeutic benefits to children with CP, including statistically significant improvements in gross motor function and multiple gait characteristics. Also, RAGT therapy may be a safe and favorable complement to current physiotherapy regimens.Conclusion: As various degrees of functional improvement are a noticeable trend among all presented studies, further study in this therapeutic technique is warranted, and implementation of similar therapeutic protocol may be valuable to a rehabilitation care plan. The highly repetitive and task-specific nature of RAGT may provide a valuable paradigm for children with CP whom have never learned a normal gait pattern
