Synergy Publishers Journal System
Not a member yet
557 research outputs found
Sort by
Mental Health among People Living with HIV (PLWH) in Iran: A Policy Brief Teaser: The necessity of a Tool for Mental Health in PLWH in Iran
Get PDFDepression and anxiety are the most common mental health disorders in people living with HIV (PLWH). Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an important concern that could be significantly affected by psychological problems among PLWH. Therefore, the authors recommend using an anxiety and depression screening tool, among Iranian PLWH in HIV health care system and determine potential barriers to depression screening and effective care
Demographic Characteristics and Frequency of Use among Current Users of Classic Hallucinogens
Get PDFLittle is known about the demographic characteristics of classic hallucinogen users and few investigations address the frequency of their use. This study used five years of data from The National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an annual, nationally representative, cross-sectional survey, conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration of the United States government, to examine age, gender, marital status, race/ethnicity, income, education, employment status and health status and among low, medium, and high frequency users of classic hallucinogens (N = 1323). Results indicated classic hallucinogen users were most likely to be White males between 18 and 25 years old, who had never been married, had some college, were employed full-time, had a family income less than $20,000 per year, and were in very good health. High frequency hallucinogen users were more likely to be males in the “Other†racial/ethnic category who were less well educated, and less healthy, but they did not differ from other users in age, marital status, family income, or employment. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed
A Practical Overview of the Role of Capillaroscopy in Rheumatic Diseases
Get PDFNailfold capillaroscopy is currently the best method to investigate microvascular abnormalities in systemic sclerosis and related conditions, and in other rheumatic conditions in which there is a clinical suspicion of microangiopathy. Although easy to perform, it is essential that the operators have been properly trained about correct method of images acquisition and interpretation. There are some parameters to indicate a normal/healthy capillaroscopic picture, but it is important to consider that there is a great variability in the capillary structure both interindividual and intraindividual. The early differential diagnosis between primary and secondary RP is the best advantage that the technique may offer.Remarkable capillaroscopic alterations are found in the majority of cases of systemic sclerosis and the so-called “scleroderma spectrum disorders†(dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, undifferentiated connective tissue disease). Nevertheless, some capillaroscopic changes have been observed in systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren’s syndrome, psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis.Discussion about controversies on this topic should be encouraged, leading to a progressive development of capillaroscopy as a routine investigation in rheumatology
Cocaine, Tetracaine / Oxymetazoline and Ropivacaine / Oxymetazoline in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
No full textObjective: Endonasal cocaine gauzes are applied during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) for their combined analgesic and decongestive properties. Seeking an alternative for cocaine, tetracaine/oxymetazoline, and ropivacaine/oxymetazoline were investigated for their efficacy and safety during FESS.Methods: Over 18 months a double-blinded randomised prospective intervention study was conducted. Ninety patients were allocated to 3 groups that received a blinded 5 ml solution containing cocaine 5 %, tetracaine 0.8 % plus oxymetazoline 0.02 % or ropivacaine 0.8% plus oxymetazoline 0.02 %. Two Ear Nose Throat surgeons participated and evaluated preprocedural decongestion, postoperative decongestion and haemostasis according to a numeric rating scale (NRS, 0 - 10). Postoperative pain scores (NRS) registered until discharge. Secondary outcomes were intraoperative blood loss, perioperative hemodynamics, postoperative bandage changes, morphine consumption, nausea and vomiting.Results: No significant difference was observed between groups for preprocedural decongestion (p = 0.72) and postoperative decongestion (p = 0.48) and haemostasis (p = 0.44). Mean postoperative pain scores were low (NRS 1.00, SD 1.15) without significant difference (p = 0.55).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study we can recommend tetracaine / oxymetazoline or ropivacaine / oxymetazoline as a safe and effective topical agent for FESS that can replace cocaine
Nasal Septum Deviation by Age and Sex in a Study Population of Poles
Get PDFIntroduction: Nasal septum deviation is found in nearly 79% of all autopsies. A displacement of the nasal septum is caused by developmental disorders, which result in growth disproportions between different skeletal structures, as well as hereditary factors, and injuries to the nose and the facial skeleton.Aims: This study aims is to estimate the incidence of nasal septum deviation in a study population of Poles, with a breakdown by age and sex.Subjects and method(s): The people involved in the study were a group of 950 randomly selected residents of a large city. The subjects were aged between 6 and 76 years. The method used in the study was anterior rhinoscopy in combination with clinical history taking. Results: The investigation revealed that the number of cases of nasal septum deviation diagnosed on the basis of anterior rhinoscopy increases steadily with age, from 15% in children aged 7-8 years to 39.7% in adults (p<0.05). The results of the study show that men are more frequently diagnosed with nasal septum deviations than women are (p<0.05).Conclusions: A relatively large percentage of nasal septum deviations was observed in a population of Poles, with a breakdown by age and sex
Content Analysis of Teleconsultation Enquiries in Positive Health Club, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran
Get PDFObjective: With the availability of specialists and the overflowing information in public and social networks, individuals have easy access to information about HIV and AIDS. However, medical counselling and healthcare settings still have an essential role. The aim of the present study was to analyze phone enquiries directed to the Positive Club of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran; this analysis was based on demographic features of participants.Design/Methodology/Approach: In this cross-sectional study, 5255 questions were extracted and coded from the Positive Club's counselling questionnaires; the coding procedure was based on Huber and Gilapsy's decimal classification. Data were processed by descriptive statistics and SPSS software.Findings: A majority of callers were men (59.43%), most callers were aged between 26 and 30 years, and HIV transmission and high-risk sexual behaviours were among frequently asked questions (47%).Originality/Value: Taking into account that most callers were concern about transmission via sexual contact (anal, vaginal, and oral) rather than injection and its related equipment, it seems reasonable to assume that HIV transmission flow may shift from shared injection equipment to high-risk sexual behaviors
Homicidal Ideation Associated with Low Dose Risperidone in a 10-Year-Old Boy: Subsequently Rage Responded Very Well to Low Dose Clonidine - Case Report
Get PDFThe homicidal ideation that arose when risperidone was prescribed, was an entirely new symptom, and it resolved when risperidone was ceased. An extensive literature search found no similar case reports. The response to clonidine was equally dramatic
Nature Inspires Estrus Synchronization in Murciano-Granadina Goats under Extremely Hot Climate
Get PDFDespite the seasonal nature of reproduction in goats, creating a capacity that enables getting goats pregnant throughout the year is of economical importance in commercial settings. The objective was to compare natural and artificial (hormonal) methods of estrus synchronization on pregnancy rate of Murciano-Granadina goats under extremely hot climate of southern Iran. To synchronize estrus, experimental goats received one of three treatments. The first group (n = 123) was treated with CIDR (intravaginal progesterone release) on day-0 and which was later removed on day-19 plus eCG injection followed by introduction to bucks on day-21. The second group (n = 157) was treated with CIDR on day-0 and with eCG injection on day-17, then CIDR removed on day-19 followed by introduction to bucks on day-21. The third group (n = 257) did not receive any hormonal treatments and were only synchronized naturally via introduction to bucks (natural mating). Findings revealed that natural synchronization (male effect) resulted in significantly greater pregnancy rates compared to the second group (69 vs. 53%, P < 0.05). The first group tended to have greater pregnancy than did the first group (63 vs. 53%, P < 0.10). Improved reproductive performance of dairy goats under hot stressful climate signifies the economical importance and practicality of natural mating as an effective method of estrus synchronization in commercial goat production
Variants of Primary Biliary Cholangitis: An Updated Mini-Review
Get PDFPrimary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic disease of the liver which affects mainly middle-aged women characterized by progressive destruction and loss of the small intrahepatic bile ducts which in turn, may lead to end-stage liver disease. The typical clinical phenotype is characterized by a middle-aged female with elevated cholestatic enzymes and positive antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA). However, apart from this typical presentation, there are important variants in everyday clinical practice. These variants include the AMA-negative PBC, the isolated AMA positivity, the AMA-positivity in patients with well-established autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), the premature ductopenic PBC variant and the PBC variant with characteristics of AIH (PBC-AIH variant). In this mini-review, we summarize and discuss the literature data and our own experience on the PBC variants highlighting also the uncertainties and a potential new era of the research agenda
Autoimmunity, Non-Classic Adrenal Hyperplasia, Insulin Resistance, and Vitamin D
Get PDFAutoimmunity, Non-Classic Adrenal Hyperplasia, InsulinResistance, and Vitamin