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Självrapporterad hälsa och livskvalitet bland personer som lever med hiv i Sverige : En tvärsnittsstudie baserad på hälsoenkäten i det nationella kvalitetsregistret InfCareHIV
No full textFinansiär och Projektinformation: Folkhälsomyndigheten</p
Experiencing life as migrants living with HIV in Sweden
Get PDFThe focus of this thesis is on the life situation of migrants living with HIV in Sweden. The overall aim of this thesis was to explore the knowledge of HIV-positive migrants’ life situation in Sweden, with a focus on health and well-being as well as healthcare contacts. This thesis comprises four studies. Studies I-III were designed as explorative and descriptive with Study IV being designed to be quantitative. Study I is a Grounded Theory study based on the encounters of migrants living with HIV with the Swedish health care system (no=14). The results indicated that experiences of discrimination in general health care were combined with an appreciation of the free access to advanced ART. Study II is an explorative qualitative study based on the experiences of HIV care givers (no=14) in providing care to migrant patients living with HIV. Data was analyzed using content analysis. The findings revealed the challenges that arise due to limited time available for adequate communication and support for the patients, related to the patients’ perceived stigma and their migrations status. Further, the process of migration causes various levels of socio-economic vulnerability for the patients. Study III explores the life situations of migrants living with HIV (no=14). Data was analyzed using content analysis. The results indicate vulnerability in social relationships, due to perceived stigma and the stigmatized condition as well as the lack of a social network and social support. Fear of disclosure of HIV was also experienced in everyday life. This resulted in loneliness and difficulty finding a partner and close friends. Further, the findings revealed that migrants living with HIV are also resilient. It revealed their struggle to cope with the existential uncertainty, to live a life with integrity, and to look positively at life. Study IV is a quantitative study from the national health survey InCare HIV. It investigated whether there were differences in Quality of life between HIV-positive migrants and HIV-positive Swedish-born receiving care and treatment at the Infectious Disease Clinics in Western Sweden. The migrants were younger, a higher proportion was female and a higher proportion with heterosexual route of transmission compared to the Swedish-born. They had lower CD4-nadir and more frequent detectable viral load indicating inferior treatment outcomes. Further, migrants reported both side-effects and missed doses of antiretroviral treatment more often and a subgroup had lower satisfaction with their physical health. On the other hand, the migrants had higher satisfaction with their sexual health.
In conclusion, the need to define the different forms of limitations and discrimination towards migrants living with HIV within the general health care system and other arenas should be combined with holistic and individualized social support in order to strengthen their social networks and offer patient associations. Targeted interventions are needed to enhance the healthcare professions and social actors’ access to updated information and knowledge within the field of HIV, vulnerability, racism and migration. Migrants living with HIV and their self-defined needs should be prioritized in the context of treatment, care and social support
Självrapporterad hälsa och livskvalitet bland personer som lever med hiv i Sverige : En tvärsnittsstudie baserad på hälsoenkäten i det nationella kvalitetsregistret InfCareHIV
No full textFinansiär och Projektinformation: Folkhälsomyndigheten</p
Experiencing life as migrants living with HIV in Sweden
No full textThe focus of this thesis is on the life situation of migrants living with HIV in Sweden. The overall aim of this thesis was to explore the knowledge of HIV-positive migrants’ life situation in Sweden, with a focus on health and well-being as well as healthcare contacts. This thesis comprises four studies. Studies I-III were designed as explorative and descriptive with Study IV being designed to be quantitative. Study I is a Grounded Theory study based on the encounters of migrants living with HIV with the Swedish health care system (no=14). The results indicated that experiences of discrimination in general health care were combined with an appreciation of the free access to advanced ART. Study II is an explorative qualitative study based on the experiences of HIV care givers (no=14) in providing care to migrant patients living with HIV. Data was analyzed using content analysis. The findings revealed the challenges that arise due to limited time available for adequate communication and support for the patients, related to the patients’ perceived stigma and their migrations status. Further, the process of migration causes various levels of socio-economic vulnerability for the patients. Study III explores the life situations of migrants living with HIV (no=14). Data was analyzed using content analysis. The results indicate vulnerability in social relationships, due to perceived stigma and the stigmatized condition as well as the lack of a social network and social support. Fear of disclosure of HIV was also experienced in everyday life. This resulted in loneliness and difficulty finding a partner and close friends. Further, the findings revealed that migrants living with HIV are also resilient. It revealed their struggle to cope with the existential uncertainty, to live a life with integrity, and to look positively at life. Study IV is a quantitative study from the national health survey InCare HIV. It investigated whether there were differences in Quality of life between HIV-positive migrants and HIV-positive Swedish-born receiving care and treatment at the Infectious Disease Clinics in Western Sweden. The migrants were younger, a higher proportion was female and a higher proportion with heterosexual route of transmission compared to the Swedish-born. They had lower CD4-nadir and more frequent detectable viral load indicating inferior treatment outcomes. Further, migrants reported both side-effects and missed doses of antiretroviral treatment more often and a subgroup had lower satisfaction with their physical health. On the other hand, the migrants had higher satisfaction with their sexual health. In conclusion, the need to define the different forms of limitations and discrimination towards migrants living with HIV within the general health care system and other arenas should be combined with holistic and individualized social support in order to strengthen their social networks and offer patient associations. Targeted interventions are needed to enhance the healthcare professions and social actors’ access to updated information and knowledge within the field of HIV, vulnerability, racism and migration. Migrants living with HIV and their self-defined needs should be prioritized in the context of treatment, care and social support
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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