1,720,964 research outputs found
Trade Union Development in Spain : Past Legacies and Current Trends
No full textThis paper provides an overview over the historical development of the Spanish labour movement from 1870 to 1995. The Appendix presents comprehensive data on union membership, density rates, works council elections, and mobilising capacities of Spanish unions. The rise of union organisation in Spain was hesitant and uneven. Under the long Franc-Dictatorship free trade unions were suppressed, though since the 1950s semi-clandestine trade unions emerged on a local or regional basis, partly in fusion with works councils. Since 1975 a new and complex pattern of trade union organisation emerged, fostered by the democratic legislation. The paper provides union membership data from 1981 until 1995 which recently became available from CC.OO, UGT, ELA.STV, USO and CSI-CSIF. The author also develops a hurdle model to enhance the theoretical debate on the current situation of the Spanish union movement. The model helps to understand the current low - though increasing - membership record of Spanish unions, given the structural dilemma they face in the labour market
Labour market reform in the Dutch construction industry: lessons for Germany?
Get PDF"Reformen des niederländischen Arbeitsmarktes werden in diesem Beitrag mit Prozessen der Tarifverhandlungen in Beziehung gesetzt. Basierend auf Untersuchungen in der Bauwirtschaft in den Niederlanden wird vorgeschlagen, dass eine geeignete Theorie der Tarifverträge nicht nur ökonomische Verträge, sondern auch Tarifnormen und politische Koordination berücksichtigen muss, um ihre Bedeutung für den Arbeitsmarkt zu verstehen. Damit kann erklärt werden, weshalb und in welchem Ausmaß Interessengruppen in der niederländischen Bauwirtschaft innerhalb einer Dekade eine aktive Arbeitsmarktpolitik ('Bouw-Vak-Werk') mit bemerkenswerten positiven Resultaten betrieben haben. Abschließend werden aus vergleichender Perspektive fünf Lehren mit Blick auf die deutsche Bauwirtschaft gezogen." (Autorenreferat)"In this article, Dutch labour market reform is related to collective bargaining processes. Based on evidence from recent fieldwork in the construction industry in the Netherlands, it is proposed that a useful theory of wage-setting should include, apart from economic contracts, wage norms and political coordination better to understand its impact in the labour market. The paper explains why and to what extent interest organisations in the Dutch construction industry have developed an active labour market policy ('Bouw-vak-werk') over a period of two decades with interesting positive results. Finally, five comparative lessons are drawn with particular emphasis to the German construction industry." (author's abstract
Economische sociologie en institutionele economie
No full textEconomic Sociology and Institutional Economics.
A review essay on books edited by (1) Neil J. Smelser and Richard Swedberg, The Handbook of Economic Sociology (Russel Sage Foundation: Princeton U Press: Princeton, NJ, 1994); and (2) Geoffrey M. Hodgson, Warren J. Samuels, and Marc R. Tool, The Elgar Companion to Institutional and Evolutionary Economics (Edgar Elgar, 1994). In recent years, there has been talk of a renaissance of studies of economic phenomena from a sociological and institutional perspective. This is in contrast to the mutual alienation of economics and sociology several decades ago, each of which characterized the other as "primitive." Both publications here maintain that, to discover the dividing line between the two disciplines, one must return to political economists Adam Smith and Karl Marx and to classical sociologists Max Weber and Emile Durkheim. Additionally, both books point to differences between neoclassical economics and economic sociology, especially in terms of the types of questions asked. Special attention is given to the role of network and rational choice theory, shown to be problematic. Also discussed is the high degree of specialization in the two fields. M. Meek
Onrust in de Bibliothèque nationale de France
No full textBoekenkasten lopen er uit de rails, vallen om, komen niet op gang of zijn niet meer te stoppen. Kelders lopen onder water. In magazijnen worden mensen ziek door restanten van blusgas. De nieuwe nationale bibliotheek van Frankrijk, Bibliothèque nationale de France, is een ramp voor personeel en bezoeker. Sinds de staking van eind 1998 zijn wel enkele problemen opgelost, maar het merendeel is dat niet, zo meldt sinoloog Marc van der Meer vanuit Parijs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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