1,721,046 research outputs found
The contribution of trees outside of forests to landscape carbon and climate change mitigation in West Africa
Full text linkWhile closed canopy forests have been an important focal point for land cover change monitoring and climate change mitigation, less consideration has been given to methods for large scale measurements of trees outside of forests. Trees outside of forests are an important but often overlooked natural resource throughout sub-Saharan Africa, providing benefits for livelihoods as well as climate change mitigation and adaptation. In this study, the development of an individual tree cover map using very high-resolution remote sensing and a comparison with a new automated machine learning mapping product revealed an important contribution of trees outside of forests to landscape tree cover and carbon stocks in a region where trees outside of forests are important components of livelihood systems. Here, we test and demonstrate the use of allometric scaling from remote sensing crown area to provide estimates of landscape-scale carbon stocks. Prominent biomass and carbon maps from global-scale remote sensing greatly underestimate the “invisible” carbon in these sparse tree-based systems. The measurement of tree cover and carbon in these landscapes has important application in climate change mitigation and adaptation policies.The Land Cover and Land Use Change (LCLUC) Program at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, USA. The APC was funded by NASA and Michigan State University.https://www.mdpi.com/journal/forestsam202
Ten new insights in climate science 2022
Full text linkWe summarize what we assess as the past year's most important findings within climate change research: limits to adaptation, vulnerability hotspots, new threats coming from the climate-health nexus, climate (im)mobility and security, sustainable practices for land use and finance, losses and damages, inclusive societal climate decisions, and ways to overcome structural barriers to accelerate mitigation and limit global warming to below 2°C.</p
La formación profesional en el sector informal : una iniciativa empresarial innovadora para el desarrollo de Senegal
Full text linkLos objetivos generales planteados en esta tesis doctoral son caracterizar al empresario
del sector informal senegalés, analizar su nivel educativo y formativo, así como las
necesidades de formación profesional demandadas como estrategia para la modernización del
sector informal de Senegal. Esto permitirá identificar posibles déficits formativos y
necesidades de intervención en este campo, comprobar si existen diferencias en las
necesidades de formación, en función del nivel de importancia que el empresariado senegalés
del sector informal otorga a la formación, con lo cual se puede obtener información que puede
servir de base a las políticas formativas con un marcado carácter sectorial, y analizar si la
innovación es un factor relevante para el empresariado. Se utilizan datos estadísticos de la
Agence National de la Statistique et de la Démographie de Senegal y de otras bases de datos
internacionales. Asimismo, se elabora un cuestionario dirigido al empresariado senegalés del
sector informal. La población objeto de estudio es el conjunto de empresas del sector informal
de Senegal ubicadas en las regiones de Dakar y Diourbel y, dentro de ellas, las empresas
situadas en Dakar y Touba porque en estas dos ciudades se desarrolla la mayor parte de las
actividades empresariales del país. Se presentan los resultados globales de forma descriptiva
y, posteriormente, se desagregan estos resultados en función del nivel de importancia que el
empresariado senegalés otorga a la formación. Además, se aplica un análisis de regresión
logística que permite caracterizar al empresariado del sector informal. Por último, se presenta
una serie de recomendaciones dirigidas a mejorar la formación profesional y la situación de
las empresas del sector informal con su entorno.The general objectives outlined in this doctoral thesis are to characterize the
Senegalese informal sector entrepreneur, to analyze his/her educational and training level, as
well as the professional training needs demanded as a strategy for the modernization of the
informal sector in Senegal. This will make it possible to identify possible training deficits and
intervention needs in this field, to check if there are differences in training needs, according to
the level of importance that Senegalese entrepreneur in the informal sector gives to training,
with the result that information can be obtained that can be used as a basis for training
policies with a marked sectoral nature, and analyze whether innovation is a relevant factor for
the entrepreneur. Statistical data from the National Agency of Statistics and Demography of
Senegal and other international databases are used. Likewise, a questionnaire is prepared for
Senegalese entrepreneur of the informal sector. The population under study is the set of
companies in the informal sector of Senegal located in the regions of Dakar and Diourbel and,
within them, the companies located in Dakar and Touba because most of the business
activities of the country are carried out in these two cities. The overall results are presented in
a descriptive way and, subsequently, these results are disaggregated according to the level of
importance that Senegalese entrepreneur gives to training. In addition, a logistic regression
analysis is applied to characterize the informal sector entrepreneur. Finally, a series of
recommendations are presented aimed at improving professional training and the situation of
companies in the informal sector with their environment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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