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[Mario and Mazzone (c.1947), funerary sculpture]
No full textFrom Berresford: Mario and Mazzone (c.1947), F.Vannuci, Cimitero delle Porte Sante, Florence.Woman in gown, man in military uniform.Title from Berresford
Utilizzo di sangue periferico come fonte alternativa al sangue midollare per il monitoraggio della malattia minima residua nella leucemia mieloide acuta
Full text linkL’identificazione della MMR mediante CFMP utilizzando sangue midollare ha fornito utili indicazioni prognostiche in pazienti adulti affetti da LAM.
L’attuale interesse è volto a verificare l’impiego di sangue periferico (SP) come possibile fonte alternativa al midollo osseo. Recenti studi hanno dimostrato come la determinazione della malattia minima residua (MMR) sia utile per una più appropriata modulazione della stessa. Ciò fonda sul presupposto che la presenza in circolo di cellule leucemiche al momento della RC morfologica, può essere correlata con la persistenza midollare di cellule leucemiche, oppure con la precoce immissione in circolo delle stesse, espressione quest’ultima di maggiore aggressività di malattia.
PAZIENTI E METODI:
Nello studio sono stati inclusi 50 pazienti affetti da LAM de novo. La valutazione della MMR è stata effettuata al termine della terapia d’induzione in 50 campioni di SP e 50 di MO. Due pazienti di 50 sono recidivati precocemente prime della terapia di consolidamento, pertanto, al termine della terapia di consolidamento sono state analizzate 48 coppie di SP e MO.
In primo luogo abbiamo confrontato i livelli di MMR in 50 campioni di sangue periferico e midollare prelevati contemporaneamente, dopo terapia di induzione.
RISULTATI:
Il 77% dei pazienti pari a 33 è andato incontro a recidiva dopo un tempo mediano di 10 mesi (range,2-24); il follow-up mediano è stato 18 mesi (range, 3-85).
Il valore mediano di cellule leucemiche residue nel midollo e nel sangue periferico erano rispettivamente 5.2 x10-3 (range 1x10ˉ4 - 1.64 x10-1) e di 2.85 x10-3 (range 1x10-5 –1.25 x10-1) ; tra le due fonti è stata riscontrata una correlazione statisticamente significativa (r=0.86, p < 0.0001). Il valore di cut-off di cellule leucemiche residue nel sangue periferico con una correlazione statisticamente significativa è stato posto a 1.5x10-4; infatti, 33 pazienti su 44(75%) con livelli di MMR post-induzione superiori a 1.5x10-4 (gruppo MMRInd+) sono andati incontro a recidiva di malattia, rispetto a 6 pazienti con livelli di MMR inferiori a 1.5x10-4 (gruppo MMRInd-) (p=0.00078). Non sono state osservate differenze statisticamente significative nella sopravvivenza globale tra i due gruppi di pazienti, tuttavia il gruppo MMRInd+ ha presentato una sopravvivenza libera da recidiva di durata inferiore (p=0.001). Dopo terapia di consolidamento, utilizzando lo stesso valore di cut-off di 1.5x10-4, 38 pazienti sono stati considerati MMRCons+, e 31 di loro (82%) sono andati incontro a recidiva; 9 dei restanti 10 pazienti MMRCons- mantengono la RC (p=0.00006). La condizione di MMRCons+ nel sangue periferico è risultata una variabile indipendente associata in maniera significativa ad una ridotta sopravvivenza libera da malattia (p=0.0026).
CONCLUSIONI:
I risultati del nostro studio dimostrano che la valutazione della MMR su sangue periferico mediante la CFMP ha un importante impatto prognostico sulla terapia dei pazienti affetti da LAM. In particolare, la quantificazione della MMR a differenti tappe del trattamento potrebbe aiutare, in futuro prossimo, alla definizione di programmi terapeutici personalizzati, stratificando i pazienti in differenti categorie di rischio. Inoltre il monitoraggio della MMR su sangue periferico dopo la fine del trattamento permette una sorveglianza adeguata dei pazienti che tendono ad avere una riespansione della MMR e consente, quindi un intervento terapeutico precoce.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. To date, bone marrow (BM) is the most common source of cells to use in order to assess minimal residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In the present study, we investigated whether peripheral blood (PB) could be an alternative source of cells for monitoring MRD in AML.
DESIGN AND METHODS:
Fifty patients with AML were monitored for MRD after the achievement of complete remission. Using multiparametric flow cytometry we compared the levels of MRD in 50 and 48 pairs of BM and PB after induction and consolidation, respectively.
RESULTS:
After induction and consolidation therapy, the findings in BM and PB were significantly concordant (r=0.86 and 0.82, respectively, p<0.001 for both comparisons). The cut-off value of residual leukemic cells in PB which correlated with outcome was 1.5x10 (-4). Thirty-three of 43 (77%) patients with >1.5x10 (-4)residual leukemic cells in PB after induction had a relapse, whereas the seven patients with lower levels did not (p=0.0002). After consolidation, 38 patients had a level of MRD >1.5x10 (-4)and 31 (82%) had a relapse; nine out of the remaining ten patients, whose levels of MRD were below 1.5x10 (-4), are still relapse-free (p=0.00006). In multivariate analysis, PB MRD status at the end of consolidation was found to have a significant effect on relapse-free survival (p=0.036). INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS:
These preliminary results indicate that: (i) PB evaluation can integrate BM assessment for MRD detection in patients with AML; (ii) PB MRD status at the end of consolidation therapy may provide useful prognostic information
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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