1,720,955 research outputs found
Poder, disputa e múltiplas narrativas históricas: o lugar Kulumbimbi em Mbanza Kongo – Angola
No full textEste artigo tem como objetivo apresentar múltiplas narrativas kongo sobre o lugar chamado de Kulumbimbi, na cidade de Mbanza Kongo em Angola. A cidade foi a capital do Reino do Kongo, e mantém entre as populações bakongo uma grande significância, especialmente de cunho religioso e identitário. Estas narrativas tradicionais apresentam o lugar como paisagem ideativa, um elo do passado com o presente, com marcas e vivências que remetem a uma época de prosperidade, paz e soberania. O Kulumbimbi é o lugar dos antepassados, um lugar sagrado e central para a identidade do povo kongo, contrastando, assim, das narrativas colonial portuguesa e da UNESCO, que interpretam o lugar como símbolo do presença lusitana na África
A place between two worlds: landscapes of Mbanza Kongo
No full textDurante séculos capital do Reino do Kongo, a cidade se configurou como uma paisagem de referência étnica, política, identitária e religiosa para dezenas de grupos que tiveram relações com ela. No final do século XIX, com a conferência de Berlim, o Reino do Kongo foi dilacerado, tendo seus territórios divididos entre três colônias: África Equatorial Francesa, Congo Belga e Angola. Neste momento de disputa, os vestígios arqueológicos foram utilizados por Portugal para barganhar e afirmar sua soberania na região de Mbanza Kongo, então chamada de São Salvador do Congo. Estes foram automaticamente entendidos como um legado exclusivo lusitano na cidade. Após a consolidação da posse do território, a cidade foi então alvo de diversos estudos coloniais, reafirmando através de diferentes narrativas a importância da cidade como símbolo da presença civilizatória colonial portuguesa em África e da expansão do catolicismo, tendo em 1957 a cidade sido declarada patrimônio português. Esta paisagem construída, formulada e vivenciada por estes escritores, foi duramente criticada pelos movimentos independentistas. O MPLA, partido que governa o país desde 1975, logo após a independência denunciou a narrativa colonialista da presença colonial como falsa, e afirmou as violências cometidas por eles. A fúria do partido se voltou também contra as autoridades tradicionais, taxadas como traidoras do plano de criação de uma Angola socialista e colaboradores dos colonizadores. Após o abandono do socialismo em 1992, o partido retomou, de forma surpreendente, a narrativa colonial de valorizar e compreender a cidade como uma paisagem construída europeia, sendo que o mote deste novo período é que a cidade seria um lugar exemplar da harmonia entre os povos que ali se encontraram - europeus e africanos - deixando de lado a denúncia das violências coloniais. Paralela a esta paisagem construída de origem colonial, temos uma paisagem ideativa da cidade de Mbanza Kongo enquanto lugar de ancestralidade kongo. Com o recorte de análise envolvendo os lugares Kulumbimbi, Ntotila e Yala-Nkuwu, pudemos identificar e compreender que para os diferentes grupos kongo que tiveram relação com a cidade durante o século XX, a paisagem da cidade é a da afronta ao colonialismo, um lugar de liberdade, igualdade, justiça, tradição, e principalmente, ancestralidade. Os lugares analisados são os pontos de ligações da cidade física com a ideativa. Tomados como referencial esta paisagem ideativa de Mbanza Kongo, grupos lutaram e continuam a lutar e se manifestar contra a violenta narrativa colonial que busca excluí-los e ignorar a identidade e a tradição como fundamentais na composição da sociedade. A paisagem de Mbanza Kongo, desta forma, é ao mesmo tempo um referencial de passado de como organizar e pensar a cidade e um lugar do futuro, um lugar que contém os elementos necessários para que a sociedade consiga se libertar e (re)construir a tradição.The city of Mbanza Kongo is one of the main archaeological sites in Central Africa. For centuries the capital of the Kingdom of Kongo, the city was configured as a landscape of ethnic, political, identity and religious reference for dozens of groups that had relations with it. At the end of the nineteenth century, with the Berlin conference, the Kingdom of Kongo was disbanded, and its territories were divided between three colonies: French Equatorial Africa, Belgian Congo and Angola. At this moment of dispute, the archaeological remains were used by Portugal to bargain and affirm their sovereignty in the region of Mbanza Kongo, then called San Salvador de Congo. These were automatically understood as an exclusive Lusitan legacy in the city. After consolidating the territory\'s possession, the city was then the target of several colonial studies, reaffirming through different narratives the importance of the city as a symbol of Portuguese colonial civilization presence in Africa and the expansion of Catholicism, with the year 1957 being declared as a Portuguese heritage. This landscape constructed, formulated and experienced by these writers, was harshly criticized by the independents movements. The MPLA party, which ruled the country since 1975, soon after Independence, denounced the colonialist narrative of the colonial presence as false, and affirmed the violence committed by them. The fury of the party also turned against the traditional authorities, labeled as treacherous of the plan of creation of a socialist Angola and collaborated of the settlers. After the abandonment of socialism in 1992, the party surprisingly resumed the colonial narrative of valuing and understanding the city as a European-built landscape, and the motto of this new period is that the city would be an exemplary place of harmony between the Peoples who met there - European and African - leaving aside the denunciation of colonial violence. Parallel to this landscape constructed of colonial origin, we have an ideational landscape of the city of Mbanza Kongo as place of kongo ancestry. With the analysis involving the Kulumbimbi, Ntotila and Yala-Nkuwu places, we were able to identify and understand that for the different Kongo groups that had a relationship with the city during the 20th century, the city\'s landscape is that of affront to colonialism, a place of freedom, equality, justice, tradition, and above all, ancestry. The places analyzed are the points of connection between the physical and the imaginative city. Taken as a reference point for this ideational of Mbanza Kongo, groups have fought and continue to struggle against the violent colonial narrative that seeks to exclude them and ignore identity and tradition as fundamental in the composition of society. The landscape of Mbanza Kongo is both a past reference of how to organize and think about the city and a place of the future, a place that contains the elements necessary for society to be able to free itself and (re) build the city. tradition
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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