1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Assessing groundwater vulnerability
No full textGroundwater is protected to varying degrees by the overlyinggeological strata. Groundwater vulnerability assessment is anevaluation of how effective the geological material is atreducing pollutants. The response of groundwater to aciddeposition may provide us with an example of how theinteractions of a pollutant with the soil and subsoil reduceits potentially negative impacts. The geological materialcounter-acts the effects of pollutant input. In the short-term,ion-exchange reactions are most effective. However the exchangecapacity of the soil and subsoil is limited. Groundwaterresources are vital for drinking-water supplies, which meansthat groundwater vulnerability assessments need to be reliablein the long-term. The vulnerability assessments are thereforedirected toward determining the rate of weathering. Weatheringof most common minerals in Sweden is slow with the exception ofcarbonate minerals. Three different methods used to assess thegroundwater vulnerability have been examined. Two of themethods are qualitative and represent different methods ofweighting together the parameters considered to be important.The assessments were compared with alkalinity measurements ofwell water within the region. The results show that the areasleast vulnerable to acidification could be distinguished. Thisis mostly attributable to the strong influence of carbonateminerals in some areas. In other areas, local conditions nearthe wells were more important, making it impossible todistinguish between wells representing intermediate or lowvulnerability conditions. A method providing a quantitativemeasure of the vulnerability through modelling the mineralweathering rate was used for comparisons. As the stronginfluence of carbonate minerals was not reflected in the inputdata set, the regional description of weathering wasincomplete. However, the method did give an acceptable resultfor the level of weathering in non-carbonate areas. In theacidification case the occurrence of carbonate minerals was ofparamount importance. Importantly, the difficulties experiencedin distinguishing between medium and low vulnerability may actas a warning for assessments of other types of pollutants. Ahigh dependence on the local flow systems and difficulties indetermining these may seriously flaw the assessment ofvulnerability.</p
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Mätning av miljögifter i grundvatten [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textÅr 2018 genomförde SGU på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket en screening av miljögifter. Syftet var att öka kunskapen om spridningen av miljögifter i grundvatten och därigenom kunna skapa ett underlag för att bedöma hur miljögiftsövervakningen i grundvatten behöver utvecklas framöver.18 län deltog i undersökningen. Totalt togs 220 prover vid 188 platser. Urval av provplatser och provtagning sköttes av länsstyrelserna med stöd från SGU. Urvalet skedde med hjälp av fyra olika kriterier (urvalsklasser):1) grundvattenförekomster som bedöms riskera att inte uppnå god status i VISS, 2) grundvattenförekomster i anslutning till deponier, 3) grundvattentäkter som påverkas av urban miljö, 4) grundvattentäkter i närheten av PFAS-källa där inga PFAS-mätningar tidigare rapporterats.Följande ämnesgrupper analyserades: bekämpningsmedel, PFAS, halogenerade alifater och BTEX, läkemedel, PAH:er, ftalater, 1,4-dioxan, tennorganiska föreningar och övriga ämnen.Likt den tidigare screeningen från år 2017 med fokus på urban miljö är det ämnesgrupperna bekämpningsmedel, PFAS, halogenerade alifater och BTEX som detekterades oftast. Läkemedel detekterades i mindre utsträckning. Ftalater, 1,4-dioxan och övriga ämnen detekterades vid väldigt få tillfällen, främst vid provplatser knutna till urvalsklass 2.Ämnesgrupperna PAH:er och bekämpningsmedel förekommer enligt denna undersökning ofta, men i de flesta fall i oproblematiska halter. 1,4-dioxan detekterades enbart i enstaka fall. Ämnet kan dock ha stor betydelse på lokal nivå.In 2018, on behalf of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (NV), the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) conducted a screening of environmental pollutants. The purpose was to increase knowledge about the distribution of pollutants in groundwater and thereby be able to create a basis for assessing how monitoring in groundwater needs to develop in the future.18 counties participated in the survey. A total of 220 samples were taken at 188 sites. The selection of the sample sites and sampling was handled by the county administrative boards with support from SGU. The selection was made using 4 different criteria (sample classes):1. groundwater bodies that are considered to be at risk of not achieving good status in VISS 2. groundwater bodies in connection with landfills 3. groundwater sources affected by urban environment 4. groundwater sources near PFAS source where no PFAS measurements have been previously reported.The following substance groups were analyzed: Pesticides, PFAS, halogenated aliphates and BTEX, pharmaceuticals, PAHs, phthalates, 1,4-dioxane, tin-organic compounds and four other substances. Like the previous screening from 2017 focusing on the urban environment, the pesticide groups, PFAS, halogenated aliphates and BTEX were the most frequently detected. Pharmaceuticals were detected to a lesser extent. Phthalates, 1,4-dioxane and other substances were detected on very few occasions, mainly at sites linked to sample class 2; groundwater bodies in connection to landfills.According to this study, the substance groups PAHs and pesticides occur often, but show in most cases unproblematic levels. 1,4-dioxane was detected only on 2 sites. 1,4-dioxan may, however, be of importance at local levels.</p
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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