34 research outputs found
An Analysis of Microplastics Ingested by the Mediterranean Detritivore Holothuria tubulosa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) Sheds Light on Patterns of Contaminant Distribution in Different Marine Areas
No full textMicroplastic pollution constitutes a serious environmental problem that requires more effective scientific research to describe its potential impacts on marine fauna. The interaction between microplastics and marine biota can have significant negative effects through the trophic chain, up to human health. To date, several steps forward have been made in our understanding of this phenomenon; however, large knowledge gaps still exist for several taxa and areas. In particular, the pattern of spatial and temporal distribution of microplastics in marine sediments and their interaction with benthic detritivore species still needs to be addressed. The Mediterranean Sea is one of the most impacted areas of the world, and its biota is deeply affected by microplastic pollution. To investigate the effects of the presence of microplastics in the sediments in this area, the echinoderm Holothuria tubulosa was chosen as a model species, and specimens were collected along the Salento peninsula in Apulia, Southern Italy. This peculiar geographic area extends between two ecoregions of the Mediterranean Sea, the Northern Ionian and the Southern Adriatic seas, characterized by peculiar and distinct currents and submarine topologies, resulting in a complex and dynamic ecosystem affected by seasonal fluctuations that make the Salento peninsula an interesting natural laboratory for predictions of future dispersion events on a wider scale. Microplastics were analyzed by investigating the gut contents of H. tubulosa individuals, and the SEM/EDX method was used to confirm the plastic material extracted. Results revealed microplastics in all the specimens analyzed and with a homogeneous pattern of distribution in time and some differences in space, suggesting that the presence of this anthropogenic material is constant throughout the year and its quantity is only slightly affected by the level of conservation and management strategies characterizing the sampling sites
Estado nutricional de pacientes pediátricos con cáncer atendidos en el Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA Cuenca – Ecuador. 2016-2020
No full textAntecedentes: El cáncer es una de las principales causas de mortalidad entre niños y adolescentes en todo el mundo. El estado nutricional que incluye desnutrición, sobrepeso y obesidad; afecta los resultados clínicos del tratamiento. Objetivo: Evaluar el estado nutricional de niños con cáncer, atendidos en el Instituto SOLCA Cuenca, período 2016 -2020. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo en 158 menores de 18 años ingresados con cáncer en Solca. La información se obtuvo de historias clínicas registradas en un formulario elaborado por la autora y analizada en el programa SPSS v.26. Se realizó análisis descriptivo por frecuencias, porcentajes y medias. Resultados: El 23,5% de pacientes presentó desnutrición al diagnóstico, el 19,6%; sobrepeso y el 0,6%; obesidad. Estos valores aumentaron a un 30,4%, 22,2% y 7% respectivamente al final del tratamiento. En las neoplasias hematológicas predomina el sobrepeso y obesidad mientras que en los tumores sólidos predomina la desnutrición. El 13,9% de los pacientes presentaron recaída, de los cuales, el 50% tuvo algún tipo de malnutrición. Cerca del 40% de los pacientes presentaron más de tres hospitalizaciones por neutropenia el primer año de tratamiento, de éstos el 39,7% presentó algún tipo de malnutrición, predominando la desnutrición. La media de hospitalización fue de 13,8 días. Conclusión: La desnutrición constituye el principal problema de malnutrición en el niño con cáncer que junto al sobrepeso y obesidad; determinan un mayor porcentaje de recaída de la enfermedad y mayor tiempo de hospitalizaciones por neutropenia.Background: Cancer is a leading cause of mortality among children and adolescents worldwide. The nutritional status, which includes undernutrition, overweight and obesity, affects the clinical outcomes of treatment. Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of children with cancer, attended at the SOLCA Cuenca Institute, period 2016 -2020. Materials and methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted in 158 children under 18 years of age admitted with cancer at Solca. The information was obtained from clinical histories recorded in a form developed by the author and analyzed in the SPSS v.26 program. Descriptive analysis was performed by frequencies, percentages and means. Results: 23.5% of patients presented undernutrition at diagnosis, 19.6% were overweight and 0.6% obese. These values increased to 30.4%, 22.2% and 7% respectively at the end of treatment. In hematologic malignancies, overweight and obesity predominate, while in solid tumors undernutrition predominates. Of the patients, 13.9% presented relapse, of which 50% had some type of malnutrition. Nearly 40% of the patients presented more than three hospitalizations for neutropenia in the first year of treatment, of which 39.7% presented some type of malnutrition, with undernutrition predominating. The mean length of hospitalization was 13.8 days. Conclusion: Undernutrition constitutes the main problem of malnutrition in children with cancer, which together with overweight and obesity, determine a higher percentage of relapse of the disease and longer hospitalization time due to neutropenia.0000-0002-7976-1771Especialista en PediatríaCuenc
Análisis cuantitativo del flujo salival en pacientes oncológicos sometidos a quimioterapia del Hospital Oncológico Solón Espinosa Ayala. SOLCA- NÚCLEO DE QUITO. Período Abril – Mayo del 2016.
No full textLos fármacos quimioterapéuticos son capaces de provocar alteraciones transitorias del flujo salival, limitando sus funciones de protección, lubricación y defensa de tejidos orales, lo que desencadena efectos secundarios adversos.
OBJETIVO: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la cantidad de flujo salival en pacientes oncológicos sometidos a quimioterapia. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: El diseño de la investigación es de tipo Transversal de punto: Hospital Oncológico Solón Espinosa Ayala, SOLCA-Núcleo de Quito; participantes: 99 pacientes de edades comprendidas entre 20 a 62 años, de los cuales se obtuvo una muestra salival utilizando la técnica de Drenaje de saliva para cuantificación global en reposo, posteriormente se concentró la información en una base de datos y se aplicaron pruebas estadísticas de Mann – Whitney y Kruskai – Wallis. RESULTADOS: se observa disminución de la cantidad de flujo salival en el 54,5% de los pacientes sometidos a quimioterapia. Por su parte el flujo salival en relación con los fármacos quimioterapéuticos reflejan que los esquemas conformados (Cetuximab+ Oxaliplatino + Leucovorina + Fluoruracilo) e (Ifosmamida +Mesna); promueven a la disminución de la cantidad de flujo salival, conjuntamente se evidencia reducción significativa de flujo salival en los pacientes que se encuentran cursando el Ciclo 2, 6 y 12 de quimioterapia en relación con los otros ciclos. CONCLUSIONES: Los pacientes sometidos a quimioterapia presentan disminución de la cantidad de flujo salival.Chemotherapy drugs can cause transitory alterations in salivary flow, limiting its protective, lubricating, and oral tissue-defense functions, which brings forward a series of adverse effects.
OBJECTIVE: This study has the goal of determining salivary flow in oncological patients subjected to chemotherapy.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Hospital Oncológico Solón Espinosa Ayala (SOLCA), Quito nucleus, on a total of 99 patients between the ages of 20 and 62. The author collected saliva samples using the saliva draining technique for subsequent quantifícation. Then, the information obtained was concentrated in a data base and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests.RESULTS: There was a 54.5 % reduction in the volume of saliva in patients subjected to chemotherapy. Moreover, there was a reduction in salivary flow in patients taking (Cetuximab+ Oxaliplatin + Leucovorin + Fluoruracil) and (Ifosmamida + Mesna). It was also noted that there is a significant reduction in salivary flow in patients coursing their 2nd, 6th and 12th chemotherapy cycles, in relation to other cycles. CONCLUSIONS: Patients subjects to chemotherapy have reduced salivary flow
A new approach to the prevention and the treatment of acute respiratory failure in the adult and the neonate
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Pre-operative evaluation of adults undergoing elective noncardiac surgery : updated guideline from the European Society of Anaesthesiology
No full textThe purpose of this update of the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA) guidelines on the pre-operative evaluation of the adult undergoing noncardiac surgery is to present recommendations based on the available relevant clinical evidence. Well performed randomised studies on the topic are limited and therefore many recommendations rely to a large extent on expert opinion and may need to be adapted specifically to the healthcare systems of individual countries. This article aims to provide an overview of current knowledge on the subject with an assessment of the quality of the evidence in order to allow anaesthesiologists all over Europe to integrate – wherever possible – this knowledge into daily patient care. The Guidelines Committee of the ESA formed a task force comprising members of the previous task force, members of ESA scientific subcommittees and an open call for volunteers was made to all individual active members of the ESA and national societies. Electronic databases were searched from July 2010 (end of the literature search of the previous ESA guidelines on pre-operative evaluation) to May 2016 without language restrictions. A total of 34 066 abtracts were screened from which 2536 were included for further analysis. Relevant systematic reviews with metaanalyses, randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, casecontrol studies and cross-sectional surveys were selected. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to assess the level of evidence and to grade recommendations. The final draft guideline was posted on the ESA website for 4 weeks and the link was sent to all ESA members, individual or national (thus including most European national anaesthesia societies). Comments were collated and the guidelines amended as appropriate. When the final draft was complete, the Guideline
Rocznik Solecki, t. III, Wyd. Muzeum Solca im. Księcia Przemyśla w Solcu Kujawskim, Solec Kujawski 2012
No full textIn September 2012, the third number of the Solec Kujawski Annual appeared in print, published by the Duke Przemysł Solec Museum in Solec Kujawski. The periodical aims at presentation of the history of the town and its vicinity. The publication includes articles, remembrances of well-known Solec Kujawski residents, and a chronicie of the year 2011. The authors of the publication in this year’s volume are: Jadwiga Bretes discussing issues conceming Catholic organisations active in Solec Kujawski in the inter-war period, and Bolesław Boczkaja presenting events that took place in Otorowo during World War Two. Łukasz Wojtecki prepared a work on the economic situation of Solec Kujawski from the second half of the 19lh century to the year 1952, and Marcin Hlebionek madę a source analysis of two documents describing how penalties were dispensed in the town in the early 17th century. The finał article was written by Marta Kliś describing the archaeological operations of the Solec Museum. She is also the author of the chronicie. The annual includes also remembrances of eminent Solec Kujawski residents who died in 2011, i.e. Mayor Antoni Nawrocki and Mr Roman Zakrzewski
