196,162 research outputs found
Bilingual behaviour checklists: initiating a student, teacher and parent partnership in behaviour management.
No full textThree bilingual (Maori and English) behavioural checklists formed part of a project designed to facilitate student, teacher and whanau collaboration in overcoming behavioural difficulties experienced by Maori students, (Hei Awhina Matua). The checklists assessed rankings by 163 students, 21 teachers and 96 whanau members of (1) contexts in which problem behaviours occur, (2) specific problem behaviours and (3) specific most valued behaviours. Data were gathered in three schools: a mainstream intermediate school with a Māori medium syndicate of three classes, a rural Kura Kaupapa Maori (Maori-controlled total immersion school) and a bilingual contributing primary school. While the three schools differed markedly in location, size, and in the proportion of Maori students enrolled, the rankings of settings and behaviours by students, teachers and whanau in each school were highly similar. The paper discusses how these data contributed to the design and development of the Hei Awhina Matua video and training manual, and provided a first step towards a collaborative student teacher and parent partnership in the management of student behaviour
Influence of nitrogen and biological stimulants on growth, nutritive value, and salt stress tolerance of 'Matua' and 'Gala' bromegrasses
No full text'Matua' {Bromiis willdenowii Kunth ) and 'Gala' Bromus siamineus Des) bromegrasses have potential in West Texas but little information exists on their adaptation. Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine seasonal yield, forage quality. N response, and salinity tolerance. Gala and Matua were compared to double-cropped 'TX 91 V 4511' wheat (Triticum aestivum L .)-foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.) in a randomized block design with four replications in the field. Forages were sampled monthly from 15 November, 1996 to 21 December, 1997, and forage mass, fiber components, crude protein (CP), total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC), and NO3 were determined. Forage mass of bromegrasses was lower (P<0 05) than wheat during winter and spring and than millet during summer. At first hay harvest, Matua was similar to wheat in yield (8,434, 8,172, and 6,827 kg ha"' for Matua, wheat, and Gala, respectively). Matua was higher (P<0.05) in TNC and lower (P<0.05) in CP than Gala. Delaying harvest decreased (P<0.05) forage quality in Matua more than Gala Matua and Gala were established in the greenhouse and were watered with Hoagland's nutrient solution for three completely randomized design experiments with four replications. Calcium and sodium chloride were added (2:1 ratio) to provide a range in EC from 2-12 dS m' (2-6 dS m"' for Gala). After 5 wk, plants were harvested to determine dry weight of roots and shoots. A 50% yield reduction for Matua and Gala was observed at 6 and 5 dS m"', respectively. Adding 4 kg Ascophyllum nodosum ha"' plus 24 kg S ha"' increased (P<0.05) both root and shoot dry weights compared to controls or either substance alone. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied at 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg N ha"' at each of five harvests of Gala and Matua. At 50 kg N ha"', over 80% ofthe total 250 kg N applied was recovered. Nitrogen use efficiency and N recovery decreased quadratically (P<0.05) in both species with increasing N rates. Nitrates in soils and plants increased quadratically (P<0.05) for both species and reached levels of concern to animal health and to the environment for rates over 50 kg N ha'' per application
Editorial
No full text"The errors and difficulties not solved in the past of mathematics have always been the opportunities of their future"E. T. Bell. We started this edition of the MATUA journal with this phrase that encloses which becomes a motivation for all researchers who are always looking to fill those gaps of the past to open these new doors of the future. This edition of MATUA Journal has authors from countries such as Algeria, Venezuela and Colombia. Researchers experts in educational, applied and pure mathematics. In applied mathematics, topics such as the inclusion in the economic office of renewable energy generation plants are discussed. Educational mathematics topics, such as the social aspects of the teacher's socio-affective strategies in Colombian educational institutions. Pure mathematics topics as an estimate of another case of generalized formula of Gauss-Jacobi square, some inequalities of the Hermite-Hadamard type for Stochastic Processes. These are some of the topics that MATUA magazine has brought in this edition to delight them and to continue persevering in the path of research. We thank the editorial and scientific committee of the magazine, the Vice-Rector for Research of the Universidad del Atlántico for their unconditional support. Also to all the evaluating researchers who collaborated with us with their timely, efficient and quality reviews. We hope you enjoy this publication that is the result of the effort of authors and editorial team. Publisher, Jorge L. Rodríguez Contreras. Alberto M. Reyes Linero
Studi Etnobotani Tumbuhan yang Digunakan dalam Upacara Kematian Saur Matua
No full textThis study aims to determine the types, parts and essential values of the plants used in the Saur Matua death ceremony. The method used is quantitative-qualitative. The results showed that there were six plant species from 4 families, namely Poaceae, Moraceae, Liliaceae and Laxmanniaceae. The dominant plant parts used are leaves and stems. The highest plant importance values were rice (ICS = 50), ompu-ompu (ICS = 12) and banyan trees (ICS = 2). In conclusion, the types of plants used in the Saur Matua death ceremony are banyan trees, Ompu-ompu, rice, ground fan orchids, sanggar or pimping and Silinjung with leaves and stems as the dominant plant parts used and rice is a type that has essential value tallest plant.
Keywords: Index of Cultural Significance, Liliaceae, Nibung Hangus, Poaceae, Saur Matu
Uning-uningan Dalam Horja Tindang Saur Matua Di Bius Si Onom Ompu Bakara Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan
No full textHorja Tindang Saur Matua adalah sebuah upacara adat kematian dengan
tahap paling tinggi dalam masyar akat Batak Toba di lingkup Bius Si Onom Ompu
Bakara yang menghadirkan Uning Uningan dalam iringan upacara. Upacara ini
secara khusus diatur dan dijalankan oleh Bius Si Onom Ompu . Bius Si Onom
Ompu adalah kumpulan 6 Marga yang didirikan oleh Raja Sisingaman garaja,
dimana ke enam Marga ini yakni; Bakara, Sinambela, Sihite, Simanullang,
Marbun dan Simamora. Dari beberapa aspek kebudayaan serta adat istiadat yang
dijalankan oleh Bius Si Onom Ompu , Penulis menyorot Musik yang disebut
Uning U ningan yang digunakan pada upacara adat Horja Tindang Saur Matua .
Penulis merumuskan masalah menjadi dua, yakni; 1. Bagaimana bentuk
lagu Uning uningan dalam Horja Tindang Saur Matua di Bius Si Onom Ompu
Bakara kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan dan 2. Bagaimana fungsi Uning uninga n
dalam Horja Tindang Saur Matua di Bius Si Onom Ompu Bakara Kabupaten
Humbang Hasundutan?. Penulis menggunakan teori dari Carl Edmund Prier
dalam bukunya yang berjudul Ilmu Bentuk Analisa Musik untuk membedah
rumusan masalah yang pertama, serta menggunaka n teori Interaksionisme
Simbolik dari Herbert Blumer. Dalam membedah objek kajian ini, penulis
menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan cara observasi, pengumpulan data dan
kemudian mendeskripsikannya melalui pendekatan Etnomusikologi. Melalui
bidang kajia n Etnomusikologi ini, penulis mendeskripsikan fungsi Uning
Uningan dalam masyarakat Bius Si Onom Ompu Bakara sebagai media hiburan,
dan menganalisa bentuk lagu Uning U ningan oleh salah satu grup musik di
Bakara pada sebuah upacara adat Horja Tindang Saur M atua
Distaplia matua Sanamyan & Sanamyan, 2017, n. sp.
No full textDistaplia matua n. sp. (Figure 13) Material examined. Holotype: KBPGI 1451 /1, Kuril Islands, Matua Island, Point Kluv, 15 m, 25.08.2016. Paratypes: KBPGI 1452 /2, Matua Island, Point Kluv, 15 m, 22.08.2016, one colony and KBPGI 1453 /3, same locality, 26.08.2016, one colony. Description. The holotype (in formaline) is a dirty-brown, dark and an almost flat crust with glossy shinning surface, about 6 cm in diameter and up to 10 mm thick (Figure 13 D). The test is firm, cartilaginous, not spongy in consistence, opaque, free from foreign particles on surface and inside. Position of each zooid is marked by branchial openings, but zooids are not visible through the test and the systems are not recognizable. In live the colonies look completely different (Figures 12 A–C). They form low, wide, reddish or, sometimes, carmin red cushions, attached to substratum by the whole wide lower surface. The branchial openings of zooids are large and crowded, six-lobed, distributed evenly along the whole surface of the colony. Common cloacal openings are on the tops of short and wide siphons, situated, sometimes, on the slightly raised parts of the colony (Figure 12 A). Common cloacal siphons have lobed margin. The zooids, with strongly contracted thoraces, are about 3.5 mm long. They are deep-brown, or sometimes black-brown, opaque. The branchial siphon, when not contracted, is conspicuous, with six short lobes. Atrial opening is wide, in live all four rows of stigmata are exposed to the cloacal cavity, in contracted zooids it may be slit like. The longitudinal thoracic muscles are very numerous, crowded and difficult to count, approximately about 30 on each side. The circular muscles on the branchial siphons are well developed. The branchial tentacles usually, but probably not always, are distributed in a following way: three tentacles of the first size order are the longest (one dorsal and two ventro-lateral), between them are inserted three medium sized tentacles of the second size order, and there are several minute tentacles of the third size order. The stigmata are in four rows grouped by two (as in Sycozoa). We counted about 14–17 stigmata in the middle rows but about 18–19 in the first row. The parastigmatic vessels are not discernible and probably absent. The oesophagus is long, its distal end bent at almost right angle to enter the stomach. The compact asymmetric obliquely oriented stomach is in the posterior half of the abdomen, on some distance from its posterior end. Stomach wall has numerous (about 20 or more) rather regular longitudinal folds (Figure 12 E). The subdivision of the intestine is not pronounced and obscured by opaque wall of zooid. The gastric reservoir is present. The gonad is in the abdomen on the right side of the gut loop, not in the protruding sac, contains several (up to 10 were counted) oval male follicles, and one to three ova. Several zooids have minute brood pouch which just start to develop and contains no ova yet. The colonies contain no larvae. Remarks. The species of the genus Distaplia, known from the region include: one species, D. alaidi, known from Kurile Islands only, two species, D. rzhavskii Sanamyan, 1993 and a species recorded as Distaplia sp. aff. clavata (Sars, 1851) by Sanamyan (1993) known from Kamchatka waters, and one species, D. dubia (Oka, 1927) from Sea of Japan. Distaplia dubia is very common on sea algae in the vicinity of Vladivostok. Distaplia unigermis Ivanova- Kazas, 1965 is probably its synonym. We had chance to examine many colonies of D. dubia, they are either whitish or greenish, small, often composed of several separated systems (exactly as figured by Nishikawa, 1990, Figure 9) and in overall are very different from the present species. In the preservative they remain whitish and not become deep-brown as D. matua n. sp. Distaplia rzhavskii has a colony composed of several closely placed upright lobes. Sanamyan (1993) pointed to transverse thoracic muscles as to a significant taxonomic feature of this species, but this may be connected with a way thoraces contracted during fixation and should be confirmed. The shape of the colony, however seems to be distinctive. Also, D. rzhavskii has areolated stomach, rather than longitudinally folded in D. matua n. sp. Distaplia sp. aff. clavata: Sanamyan, 1993 has massive colony attached by a small point. Most probably it has no relation with D. clavata (Sars, 1851) and the colony, as well as the zooids with areolated stomach, differ distinctly from D. matua n. sp. The species from Alaska, D. alaskensis Lambert et Sanamyan, 2001, also has different colony, composed of club shaped lobes and different zooids with finely areolated stomach. Distaplia matua n. sp. appears to be most closely related to Distaplia colligans Sluiter, 1932, which also inhabits cold waters but in a geographically distant region, Magellan Islands and Antarctic Peninsula. The colonies of this species are flat, encrusting and dramatically change colour from bright yellow in live to deep-brown or almost black in preservative (see Sanamyan, Schories, 2003). The zooids have fine longitudinal plications on the stomach wall.Published as part of Sanamyan, Karen & Sanamyan, Nadya, 2017, Shallow-water Ascidians from Matua Island (central Kuril Islands, NW Pacific), pp. 301-321 in Zootaxa 4232 (3) on pages 318-320, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4232.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/29368
KEBERHASILAN KEGIATAN KELOMPOK SIMPAN PINJAM PEREMPUAN (SPP) JASA IBU DI JORONG MATUA KATIK KENAGARIAN MARTUA HILIA KECAMATAN MATUA KABUPATEN AGAM
No full textProgram Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Pedesaan (PNPM-MP) adalah program untuk mempercepat penanggulangan kemiskinan secara terpadu dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan kegiatan PNPM-MP pada kelompok Simpan Pinjam Perempuan (SPP) Jasa Ibu di Jorong Matua Katik dan menganalisis keberhasilan kegiatan dari pemberian bantuan modal PNPM-MP pada kelompok SPP Jasa Ibu di Jorong Matua Katik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan pengambilan responden dilakukan dengan metode sensus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pelaksanaan kegiatan kelompok SPP Jasa Ibu pada PNPM-MP telah mampu mencapai tujuan yang direncanakan seperti pembentukan organisasi petani yang mandiri dan peningkatan perekonomian anggota kelompok. Dalam penyaluran dana bergulir, SPP Jasa Ibu telah melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu sosialisasi program, pelaksanaan seleksi calon penerima, proses penyaluran dan pencairan dana serta pengembalian dana.
Penilaian keberhasilan pemberian dana bergulir untuk kelompok SPP Jasa Ibu pada PNPM-MP ini berhasil dilaksanakan dengan skor mencapai 90% dalam hal penggunaan dana, pendapatan sebelum dan setelah mendapat dana bergulir, penyerapan tenaga kerja, keberlanjutan usaha, dan ketaatan pada aturan kelompok. Untuk lebih menunjang keberhasilan program ini disarankan kepada kelompok agar lebih dapat meningkatkan kegiatan kelompok, dengan mengadakan pelatihan dan pembinaan bagi anggota kelompok melalui kerjasama dengan pihak terkait.
Kata kunci: keberhasilan program, simpan pinjam, PNPM-M
Tito Waiata-Tito Pūoro: extending the Kīngitanga music tradition.
No full textSince 1858, music has always been an integral part of the Kīngitanga movement in New Zealand. As this music tradition evolves with the introduction of new musical idioms, genres and digital technology, so too do the practices of composing new works.
The objective of this research was to construct a model for combining waiata, taonga pūoro and New Zealand electroacoustic music, in order to create new works that enhance the Kīngitanga music tradition. Developing a model for composing and integrating these idioms within a Māori context presented problems, as traditional Māori music conflict with contemporary Western forms.
To generate a framework and practical model for composing hybrid music, an examination of selected New Zealand works was first carried out through: a) the collection of 50 traditional and contemporary waiata relating to the Kīngitanga b) the collection of 10 New Zealand taonga pūoro works and c) a collection of 10 New Zealand electroacoustic music. An analysis of the music and compositional processes of each idiom implementing the ‘de-construct in order to re-construct’ approach to understand how they work musically and compositionally was accomplished.
To demonstrate the outcome of my models, six original compositions were presented exploring different aspects of musical composition. These models focused on sound architecture and explored a) communicative relationships between composer, performer, and audience b) Holistic Co-hear-ence, implementing the horizontal and vertical layering model, and c) technical approaches using digital technology. To comply with Māori principles of composition and performance, each model and new work demonstrated Kaupapa Māori , Wairua and Te Mana - Te Ihi - Te Wehi - Te Tapu .
The findings and original contributions of this research provide a model that combines two musical traditions and three music idioms, and in turn, may guide contemporary composers in creating new works that extend the Kīngitanga music tradition
Aplidium matua Sanamyan 2017, n. sp.
No full textAplidium matua n. sp. (Figures 3, 4) Material examined. Matua Island, Point Kluv, 14 m, 16.08.2017, one colony (#409). Holotype KBPGI 1455 /1. Description. The species forms cushions several centimeters across (Figures 4A, B). The colony of examined specimen consists of two such cushions, the larger is 2.5 cm in diameter and 3 cm in height. Sides of colony are in part covered by sponge and sand, upper exposed surface also contains fine sand grains but here they are much sparser. Inner layers of the colony, especially at lower (basal) parts, also contains embedded sand grains. Apart from embedded sand the tunic is transparent, light-red in live. In preserved colony the upper half of the colony is deep brownish-red. Zooids open on a whole exposed surface of the colony. They are arranged in small circular systems which are clearly visible on live inflated colonies and on colonies preserved in formalin. Each system is composed of seven to ten zooids arranged in a circle around large common cloacal opening through which atrial openings of some zooids may be visible (Figure 4C). Common cloacal cavity is limited to a small shallow space beneath common cloacal opening, its roof and margins of common cloacal opening are supported by three-lobed atrial languets of zooids (Figure 4C). Zooids in contracted state are about 10–15 mm long in average, with thorax of about 2 mm and abdomen, in less contracted zooids, up to 5 mm long (Figures 4A–C). Branchial siphon has usual six lobes, which are short, wide and inconspicuous (they are obscurely visible on surface of the colony on macro photographs of inflated live colonies). Atrial opening of preserved zooids is small, on short siphon upper rim of which is drawn into short languet with tridentate margin. Longitudinal thoracic muscles are thin and numerous (about 20 on each side of the thorax were counted, but this number is rather approximate). Longitudinal muscles continue along the whole length of abdomen where they and continue Branchial sac has 17 rows of stigmata. About 25 stigmata per row were counted in the middle part of the right side of the branchial sac. Barrel shaped stomach is in the middle of abdomen. It has seven or eight narrow and rather regular longitudinal folds with wide flat depressed spaces between them (Figure 4B,C). Subdivision of the post pyloric part of the gut loop is typical and clear, there is rather long duodenum, mid-intestine with oval posterior stomach and noticeable rectal valves. Posterior abdomen is long and filled with parenchyma. No gonads or larvae were found in examined zooids. Remarks. Aplidium matua n. sp. can be distinguished by combination of the small circular systems, zooids with few (seven or eight) stomach folds and rather numerous (17) rows of stigmata. Although the number of Aplidium species reported in Far East Seas of Russia in various published sources and lists (e.g. Sirenko, 2013) is rather high, many of these listed species are wrongly identified or were reassigned to other genera (e.g. to Synoicum). Below we provide a list of all species of the genus known from Commander Islands, Kamchatka, sea of Okhotsk and from Kurile Islands. For easier identification they may be divided in a following way: 1. The species with five prominent and sharply defined longitudinal stomach folds: Aplidium spitzbergense Hartmeyer, 1903, A. redikorzevi Sanamyan et Sanamyan, 2011 and A. macrenteron Sanamyan et Sanamyan, 2017. These three species are easy for identification and cannot be confused with other Aplidium species: A. spitzbergense has only four rows of stigmata, A. redikorzevi and A. macrenteron have very characteristic sandy colonies and characteristically looking zooids (see Sanamyan & Sanamyan, 2011, 2017). 2. The species with seven to 15 stomach folds: Aplidium dubium (Ritter, 1899), A. vinogradovae (Beniaminson, 1974), A. disiphonium (Beniaminson, 1975), A. lebedi Sanamyan, 1998 and A. eborinum Sanamyan et Sanamyan, 2011. Above described Aplidium matua n. sp. also belongs to this group and is more closely related to A. dubium. Aplidium dubium was originally described from Commander Islands and not known from other places. It is most common colonial ascidian species there, we have numerous (more than 50) colonies identified as A. dubium from Medny and Behring Islands. This material was briefly described by Sanamyan (1998) who reported 11–15 rows of stigmata and 8–10 longitudinal stomach folds for this species. These numbers differ slightly but are rather close to number of stomach folds and rows of stigmata of A. matua n. sp. We tried to reexamine the material from Commander Islands but it was found that all numerous colonies of this species contain so strongly contracted zooids that stomach folds and rows of stigmata cannot be counted correctly and the structure of systems cannot be revealed. The species certainly has strong thoracic and abdominal musculature, much stronger than in A. matua n. sp., and the different degree of contraction of zooids is not an artefact of different handling—all these colonies were collected and fixed in a same way. We believe they belong to different species and describe here a specimen from Matua Island as a new species. Other species of this group differ quite distinctly from A. matua n. sp and cannot be confused with it. 3. The species with 20 or more stomach folds include: A. strandi (Redikorzev, 1937), A. oculatum (Beniaminson, 1974), A. kurilense (Beniaminson, 1974), A. tenuicaudatum (Beniaminson, 1974), A. confusum Sanamyan, 2000 and A. dissectum Sanamyan et Sanamyan, 2011. Of these species A. kurilense, A. tenuicaudatum and A. confusum are known only from southern group of Kuril Islands, while other three known from North Kuril Islands and more northern localities. Unfortunately in this group the appearance of live, fully inflated colonies, and the details of the structure of the systems, the features which constitute very reliable species specific characters, are known only for A. oculatum and A. dissectum. Anyway, high number of stomach folds clearly distinguish all these species from A. matua n. sp. Finally it is necessary to mention Aplidium species reported in our earlier papers for Far East Seas of Russia which were erroneously identified: Aplidium glabrum (Verrill, 1871) was reported by Sanamyan (1998, 2000) and Sanamyan & Sanamyan (2010) from Kamchatka and South Kuril Islands. All these specimens are distinct from European A. glabrum. True A. glabrum does not occurs in NE Pacific. The specimens from Kamchatka recorded under this name belong to A. eborinum (see Sanamyan & Sanamyan, 2011) and the taxonomic status of specimens from southern group of Kuril Islands is not clear. Aplidium pliciferum (Redikorzev, 1927) reported from Kamchatka in several papers of Sanamyan (e.g. Sanamyan, 1998, Sanamyan & Sanamyan, 2010). As it was shown by Sanamyan & Sanamyan, 2011 this material belongs to A. oculatum. Original description of A. pliciferum is based on a specimen from warmer waters (Sagami Bay) and true A. pliciferum does not occurs in Kuril Islands, Kamchatka and more northern regions. Aplidium sagamiense (Tokioka, 1967) reported by Sanamyan (1998) from Kamchatka is also wrongly identified. Aplidium sagamiense is known from much warmer waters and it is hard to believe it may occur in cold waters around Kamchatka and Kuril Islands. The taxonomic status of specimens from Kamchatka and north and central Kuril Islands is not clear. Most probably this is an undescribed species. However all colonies we examined have small, strongly contracted zooids, and we still have no good underwater photos of inflated colonies of this species to give adequate description of structure of systems. Therefore we refrain from describing of a new taxon.Published as part of Sanamyan, Nadya, 2017, Shallow-water Ascidians from Matua Island (central Kuril Islands, NW Pacific), part 2, pp. 121-131 in Zootaxa 4337 (1) on pages 126-129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/101408
Editorial
No full text"What we know is a drop; What we ignore is the ocean "Isaac NewtonThis time we open this edition of MATUA magazine with this one with this small but forceful phrase, from one of the greatest parents of all time, that reminds us that there is not much to find in this immense sea of knowledge that are the sciences This edition the magazine counts on authors of diverse countries like Venezuela, Ecuador and Colombia. Expert researchers in various branches of mathematics. Mathematical application, for example, Optimization of reference functions through optimization based on binary biogeography. Pure mathematics topics such as the construction of matrices of calculation of rank M, some inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type for functions whose second derivative is convex generalized. Studies of great interest in educational mathematics such as the use of Geogebra as a tool as a dynamizing tool for the teaching-learning process of area and volume of regular polyhedra, as well as other technological resources in the teaching of mathematics.These are some of the topics that MATUA magazine has brought in this edition to delight them and to continue persevering in the path of research.We thank the editorial board and the scientist of the journal, the Vice-Rector for Research of the Universidad del Atlántico for their unconditional support, however, this publication has not been able to be carried out. Also to all the evaluating researchers who collaborate with their timely, efficient and quality reviews. We hope this publication of the taste of each of the people who day and day live this beautiful path called mathematics.
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