1,720,953 research outputs found
Fraudes nas licitações públicas, mecanismos de controle e impactos
Get PDFConsidering that the Public Administration needs to meet various demands of society, it acquires benefits and contracts services through public bidding. However, there are frauds in these contracts. The study of fraud in public tenders, the control mechanisms and their impacts is important considering the various cases of diversion of public resources, the impacts caused and the need for monitoring. The general objective of work is to study fraud in public tenders and the impacts caused to the Public Administration and society. With a specific objective, it is an analysis of the control mechanisms against fraud in public tenders and their effectiveness. The research methodology carried out was a systematic literature review. As a result, it is assumed that the main types of fraud in public tenders are the presentation of false documents, absence or poor advertising, illegal direct contracting, creation of a cartel, direction of tender, overpricing, overpricing and violation of the proposal. As many years of control mechanisms, it was presented to the Controladoria-Geral da União, or Tribunal de Contas da União, to the Law of Combat against Administrative Improbity, among others. In conclusion, there are regulations against fraud in public administration, but these mechanisms still do not completely prevent fraud.Considerando que la Administración Pública necesita atender diversas demandas de la sociedad, adquiere bienes y contrata servicios mediante licitaciones públicas. Sin embargo, existen fraudes en estos procesos de contratación. El estudio de los fraudes en las licitaciones públicas, de los mecanismos de control y de sus impactos resulta importante, dada la existencia de múltiples casos de desvío de recursos públicos, los impactos generados y la necesidad de un monitoreo constante. El objetivo general del trabajo es analizar los fraudes en las licitaciones públicas y los impactos ocasionados a la Administración Pública y a la sociedad. El objetivo específico es examinar cuáles son los mecanismos de control contra los fraudes en las licitaciones públicas y su efectividad. La metodología de investigación empleada fue la revisión sistemática de la literatura. Como resultado, se identificó que los principales tipos de fraude en las licitaciones públicas son la presentación de documentos falsos, la ausencia o escasa publicidad, la contratación directa ilegal, la formación de cárteles, el direccionamiento de licitaciones, el sobreprecio, la sobrefacturación y la violación de propuestas. En cuanto a los mecanismos de control, se destacaron la Contraloría General de la Unión, el Tribunal de Cuentas de la Unión, la Ley de Combate a la Improbidad Administrativa, entre otros. Se concluye que, aunque existen previsiones normativas contra el fraude en la gestión pública, dichos mecanismos aún no impiden totalmente su ocurrencia.Considerando que a Administração Pública necessita atender a diversas demandas da sociedade, ela adquire bens e contrata serviços por meio de licitação pública. Contudo, há fraudes nestas contratações. O estudo das fraudes nas licitações públicas e dos mecanismos de controle e seus impactos é importante, considerando os diversos casos de desvios de recursos públicos, os impactos causados e a necessidade de monitoramento. O objetivo geral do trabalho é o estudo das fraudes nas licitações públicas e os impactos causados à Administração Pública e à sociedade. O objetivo específico é a análise de quais são os mecanismos de controle contra as fraudes nas licitações públicas e sua efetividade. A metodologia de pesquisa realizada foi a revisão sistemática da literatura. Como resultado, é apontado que os principais tipos de fraudes nas licitações públicas são de apresentação de documento falso, ausência ou pouca publicidade, contratação direta ilegal, criação de cartel, direcionamento de licitação, sobrepreço, superfaturamento de preços e violação da proposta. Quanto aos mecanismos de controle, foram apresentados a Controladoria-Geral da União, o Tribunal de Contas da União, a Lei de Combate a Improbidade Administrativa, entre outros. A conclusão é de que há previsões normativas contra a fraude na gestão pública, mas tais mecanismos ainda não impedem totalmente as fraudes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
