1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
An Assessment of the Environmental Impacts of Urban Sprawl in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape Province
Get PDFLarge industrial and residential developments near towns and along highways associated with public policies have transformed the pattern of development over the recent years, creating a new urbanisation phenomenon; urban sprawl. Indiscriminate population densities, discontinuous and fragmented settlements, largely define urban sprawl. The progression of urban sprawl can be described by transformation in pattern over time, like proportional increase in built-up surface to population leading to rapid urban spatial expansion. Stemming an understanding from the processes, causes and patterns of urban sprawl, the consequences of sprawl on land and vegetation can be analysed. Environmental impacts to both the rural and urban population emanate from such instances, creating an excessive liability to the government. With attention to this and recognising the lack of discussion on the matter, the research deliberates some of the impacts observed in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa. The study makes use of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing with the assistance of landscape metrics. The influence of urban sprawl in this municipality has revealed impacts on vegetation, green areas and land in general. The results disclose that urban sprawl is a multidimensional phenomenon that is better explained using various methods (indices). Buffalo City Metropolitan municipality is located in Eastern Cape amidst the thicket ecosystem, the municipality has grown and expanded over the recent past. The study spread over an 18-year period from 1994- 2012. Based on field surveys and SPOT imagery, built-up areas of BCMM was extracted for different periods. Data used for the study are census data for BCMM, 1994, 2000, 2006 and 2012 SPOT images, images of BCMM acquired from Google earth 2018. The rate of transformation of the area was calculated and it was higher compared to that of population growth. Based on this data urban growth are analysed with the assistance of landscape metrics that include Shannon entropy. The outcomes confirm that this metropolitan municipality has experienced sprawl and sprawl has done so at cumulative rate
Leveraging machine learning for spatio-temporal monitoring of carbon sequestration in urban reforested landscapes in eThekwini Municipality, South Africa.
No full textDoctoral Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.Urbanization and expanding cities have emerged as major drivers of deforestation, forest degradation, and associated carbon emissions. While urban areas account for a disproportionate share of global greenhouse gas emissions, urban reforestation initiatives provide significant opportunities for climate change mitigation. This study investigates the utility of remote sensing and machine learning techniques for quantifying, mapping, and tracking carbon accumulation and storage by reforested urban landscapes. Through a systematic literature review, multisource satellite data integration (i.e. Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, Rapideye and Planetscope spectral data), time-series image analysis, and future climate scenario modelling (i.e., CMIP6 models with 3 representative climate pathways in shared socio-economic pathways RCP-SSP), the research demonstrates the capabilities of geospatial analytics for robust carbon monitoring to strengthen localized climate action planning. Key findings showcase the ability of remote sensing spectral data, derived from the multisource satellite integration, to map heterogeneous reforested biomass and model spatiotemporal variations in aboveground carbon stocks across an urban landscape in South Africa, over seven years. Comparative assessment of reforestation carbon accumulation based on ecological history informs management prioritization for optimized climate benefits. Furthermore, simulation of carbon stocks using remote sensing data, climate models and machine learning indicate a shift in carbon accumulation under the three shared socioeconomic pathways, with the low emissions pathway showing an increase in carbon overtime. The methodological framework in this study delivers an adaptable tool for continuous near real-time quantification of urban forest carbon accumulation to support evidence-based decision-making through targeted monitoring, strategic expansions, and adaptive management. While underscoring the immense potential of urban reforestation for mitigation, the research highlights the need to refine an understanding of realized carbon capture rates, utilize emerging data sources such as Planetscope, Sentinel-1 and 2, and Rapid-Eye, expand spatio-temporal assessments, and integrate economic valuations to maximize climate policy impacts. This contributes to sustainable forest management and climate change mitigation.
Iqoqa.
Ukwenzabudolobha nokukhuliswa kwamadolobha kuvela njengento enkulu egqugquzela ukucekela phansi amahlathi, ukwehlisa izingabunjalo lamahlathi nalokho okuhlobene nokukhipha ikhabhoni. Ngesikhathi izindawo ezingamadolobha zibalelwa ekungahlukanisweni kahle komthelelasivuvu somhlaba sokukhishwa kwesisi umhlaba jikelele, ukuqaliswa kokuqalwa kwamahlathi emadolobheni kwanikezela ngamathuba asemqoka okuqeda ukuguquka kwesimomvama sezulu. Lolu cwaningo luphenya ngokusetshenziswa kwenzwakude namaqhingakwenza okufunda ngomshini, ukubala, ukuhlonza nokulandelela ukuqongelelwa kwekhabhoni nokugcinwa kwezindawo ezitshalwe kabusha amahlathi emadolobheni. Ngokohlelo lokubuyekezwa kwemibhalo, ukuhlanganiswa kwemininingo yesathelayithi yemithombominingi (okuyi, iSentinel-1, iSentinel-2, iRapideye nePlanetscope spectral data), ukuhlaziywa kwemifanekiso yochungechunge lwezikhathi nemodelingi yesiqagulo sangomuso sesimomvama sezulu sangomuso (okuyizinsulakuzo ze-CMIP6 ezimigudu emi-3 emele i-RCP-SSP yesimomvama sesimo sezulu emigudwini yenhlalomnotho okwabelwene ngayo), ucwaningo lwabonisa ukuhlaziywa kokwazi komhlabasikhala wokuqashwa ngamandla kwekhabhoni ukuze kuqiniswe uhlelo olusebenzayo lwesimomvama sezulu esikhona.
Okumqoka okwatholwa ucwaningo kwabonisa amandla emininingo eqoqozinhlobo zenzwakude, esuka kundidiyela yesathelayithi emthombominingi, ukuhlonza isiphehlimandla sokutshalwa kwamahlathi anhlobonhlobo nokwahlukana kwesikhashana kwemodeli yendawosikhathi yendawo ephezulu yezitokwe zekhabhoni ezindaweni zonke ezisemadolobheni eNingizimu Afrika, ngaphezu kweminyaka eyisikhombisa. Uhloloqhathaniso lokuqongelelwa kokutshalwa kwamahlathi ekhabhoni okugxile emlandweni wezemvelo kwazisa ngokulawulwa kokubekwa phambili kwemihlomulo eseqophelweni eliphezulu lesimomvama sezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isingakwenza lezitokwe zekhabhoni kusetshenziswa imininingo yenzwelakude, amamodeli esimomvama sezulu nokufunda ngomshini kwakhombisa ukuguquka ekuqongelweni kwekhabhoni phansi kwemigudu emithathu yenhlalomnotho eyatshiwe nemigudu ekhipha kancane ekhombisa ukukhula kwekhabhoni ngesikhathi. Uhlaka lwendlelakwenza kulolu cwaningo lwaletha ithuluzi eliyimvumelanisasimo sokuqhubeka nokubala isikhathi sangampela esiseduze nokuqongelelwa kwekhabhoni yamahlathi asemadolobheni ukuze kwesekwe ukuthathwa kwezinqumo okugxile ebufakazini bokuqashwa kokuqokiwe, amasu okwandisa kanye nokumelana nokulawula. Ngenkathi kugcizelelwa okungaba namandla ukuqeda ukutshalwa kwamahlathi emadolobheni, ucwaningo lwagqamisa isidingo sokukhanyisa kahle ngokuqondwa ngokubonwa kwamazinga okugcinwa kwekhabhoni, ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yemininingo efikayo njengePlanetscope, iSentinel-1 neye-2, neRapid-Eye, ukwandisa ukuhlola kwesikhashana kwendawosikhathi, nokuhlanganisa isilinganiso sentengo yezomnotho ukuze kubekwe ezingeni eliphezulu imithelela yenqubomgomo yesimomvama sezulu. Lokho kwenza ukuba kube nokulawulwa kokugcinwa kwamahlathi nokuqedwa koguquko lwesimomvama sezulu
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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