14234 research outputs found
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Authorship inequality and elite dominance in management and organizational research: A review of six decades
No full textIdeally, scholarly publishing should be fair, meritocratic, and inclusive of diverse groups
of researchers. However, many disciplines, including management and organizational research
(MOR), remain far from this ideal. We investigate the extent of authorship concentration in three
closely related MOR subfields: Management (MNGT), Human Resource Management (HRM),
and Industrial-Organizational Psychology (IOP), by analyzing 60-year publication trends across
42 top-tier journals, covering over 60,000 publications. The findings reveal growing authorship
inequalities and a more noticeable dominance of a scientific elite. At the individual level, a small
group of researchers has accumulated disproportionate influence over time. IOP, in particular,
shows more skewed disparities, with its most productive scholars publishing significantly more
than those in MNGT and HRM. Moreover, IOP shows a higher recurrence of the same authors in
the top-10 most-published lists across journals, indicating more pronounced elite dominance.
Network analyses further reveal that IOP is characterized by a large, densely interconnected
component, with many authors linked to the same tightly knit collaborative networks, unlike
MNGT and HRM. This suggests that publishing success in IOP is more strongly associated with
collaboration within a small scientific elite. We conclude by proposing changes to the
theorization of diversity across research, policy, and practice to address rising inequalities and
ensure a more inclusive research environmen
The TISP Dataset
No full textThis repository contains the complete, cleaned, and analysis-ready dataset of the TISP project as well as R code and precomputed models supplementing the dataset, survey questionnaires, and additional information materials for the co-authors of the TISP project
Children learn what is right or wrong selectively from a legitimate authority’s punishment
No full textWhen parents, teachers or other authorities punish children for actions that violate social or moral norms, do children just avoid the punishment, or learn that the punished action was wrong? We test the hypothesis that young children learn that punished actions are wrong but only selectively, when they deem the punisher to be legitimate. Across three pre-registered studies, 6- to 11-year-old children (n=196) in the United States heard vignettes in which an authority decided whether to punish another character for doing an unfamiliar action. Children then reported how right or wrong the unfamiliar action was. Children learned that novel actions were wrong only when the action was punished by a legitimate authority (i.e., who cares about justice and fair treatment, or was chosen by the group). Familiar punishments (timeouts) and authorities (teachers) may facilitate this inference in younger children. Thus, young children evaluate the source of punishment and engage in selective learning of the norms of their society
Using Formal and Computational Modelling to Develop an Initial Within-Person System Dynamics Model of Relapse in Smoking Cessation: A Participatory, Iterative, Multi-Method Approach
No full textPopular relapse prevention theories are represented using natural language descriptions and lack temporal information about how phenomena of interest (i.e., ‘relapse’, ‘prolapse’, ‘abstinence’) are dynamically caused over time and within individuals. We drew on the Theory Construction Methodology to develop a formal and computational model of relapse in smoking cessation. We used a participatory, iterative, multi-method approach involving an informal theory and computational model review, stakeholder interviews with researchers, people with lived experience, stop smoking practitioners, and policymakers (N = 15) and in silico simulations. We propose an initial within-person system dynamics model of relapse (‘COMPLAPSE’) in which biopsychosocial factors (e.g., stressors, cigarette cues, cravings, self-efficacy) are represented as time-varying inputs and state variables. These factors jointly determine the momentary preference for each behavioural option (i.e., smoke a cigarette, use a regulatory strategy, do nothing), with the probability of selecting each option (i.e., the output) generated by a softmax function. The simulations highlight the model’s ability to generate representational patterns of relapse, prolapse and abstinence, thus providing an early sense-check of its explanatory adequacy. In addition, local sensitivity analyses demonstrate that systematic variation of selected model parameters leads to expected qualitative shifts from, for example, prolapse to relapse. We discuss the implications of our work for relapse prevention theories and real-world applications, including the development and optimisation of technology-mediated just-in-time adaptive interventions for relapse prevention in smoking cessation
Ambulatory assessment of psychological and physiological stress responses transitioning between green and gray spaces during naturalistic urban mobility
No full textStress, in its various forms, has become an increasingly recognizing psychological concern with the progression of urbanization. Stress can be understood both physiologically and psychologically, with distinct yet interrelated indicators of each (Fisher et al., 1984). Recent studies demonstrate a positive relationship between nature and human health (Haluza et al., 2014). Nature appears to have a restorative effect on human health, enhancing cognitive function and emotional well-being (Hartig, 2021), which is supported by plenty of theories (Kaplan & Kaplan, 1989; Ulrich, 1981). However, these theories and studies focus mainly on how green environments work in natural contexts, not in urban environments. Research on the restorative role, particularly on stress reduction effect of urban natural green spaces is limited (Kondo et al., 2018). The possible health benefits of urban green space (UGS) should further be quantified.
This study employs a comprehensive field study with a rigorous experimental design, aiming to explore the benefits of natural green space in urban environments, particularly regarding stress reduction, utilizing both objective and subjective measures to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the restoration benefits of UGS
Examining perceptual grouping on stages of processing in visual working memory: an ERP study
No full textRegistered Report Stage 1 protoco
