1,720,973 research outputs found
Brazilian social policy: Outcomes and dilemmas
No full textSince redemocratization in 1985, Brazil's system of social protection became more focused on the neediest while at the same time emphasizing universal access, especially focusing education and healthcare. In a traditional context of severe inequality, the sub-national units of government played a greater role in reaching the broader population with diverse social policies. Yet, Brazil's social protection model favors cash transfers over social services, and reduces inequalities in the context of a highly unequal labor market. Strategies based on cash transfers policies appear to have reached their limits, because they are not the most effective way to promote equality and generate opportunities, when compared to the outcomes obtained by social service policies provision. Furthermore, while much progress toward reducing inequality has been achieved, benefits and services continue to fall short of what might be considered a welfare state. Poor administrative procedures, institutional problems and reduced efficiency are definitely major challenges to overcome in the Brazilian social policy scene
Fundos de pensão brasileiros : parafinanciamento
No full textOrientador: Fernando Nogueira da CostaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de EconomiaResumo: Não informadoAbstract: Not informedMestradoMestre em Economi
Previdência para as mulheres no Brasil: Reflexos da inserção no mercado de trabalho
No full textAmong occupied women, the proportion of those who contribute to the public pension system was greater than for man in 2014, representing a new scenario for Brazil. The insertion of women among benefits that required a higher density of contribution raised and is reflected by a higher proportion among length of contribution pensions and a smaller one for survivor benefits, since the male breadwinner model looses ground and new family arrangements are present. Temporary benefits present a higher women incidence since they are more conscious about their situation and suffer bigger pressures to conciliate family duties and professional obligations that affect her health condition. This scenario shows that the option to emphasize cash transfer in detriment to social services may create serious constraints for Brazilian women
Previdência pública brasileira em uma perspectiva internacional: Custeio, benefícios e gastos
No full textFinancing and eligibility rules in Brazilian social security, when compared to other countries are inserted on a national debate that presents clear limitations when the focus is turns to social rights. According to the international experience, there are important differences among developed countries and the other ones. Developed countries present a situation based on high contribution rates to social security and such a scenario is not similar in Latin American or BRICS' countries. To increase coverage there is a need to consolidate universal rights and social assistance initiatives based on cash transfers. Expenditures with old age benefits are growing since the insured are ageing and resist to radical reforms. Nevertheless, survivor and incapacity benefits are presenting decreasing costs. The main difference among developed countries and the other ones are centered in the growing importance focused on social benefits for families, since the first group seems to reduce spending and the other one is raising it
Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável para a educação e a situação brasileira: Breves notas para o debate público
No full textThis paper presents the content of the proposals for adapting all ten goals of SDG 4 for Brazil, in April and May 2018 and the levels of coverage and performance to be reached in 2030, when its validity ends. Next, the study presents indicators of the evolution of these goals until the most recent period and the challenges that are imposed, so that they are finally achieved, making the actions carried out in the context of the United Nations 2030 Agenda successful, whose period began in 2016
Política social Brasileira: Conquistas e desafios
No full textSince redemocratization in 1985, Brazil's system of social protection became more focused on the neediest while at the same time emphasizing universal access. In a context of severe inequality, the sub-national units of government played a greater role in reaching the broader population. Yet Brazil's social protection model favors cash transfers over social services, and reduces inequalities in the context of a highly unequal labor market. Strategies based on cash transfers appear to have reached their limits, because they are not the most effective way to promote equality and generate opportunities, when compared to the outcomes obtained by social service provision. Furthermore, while much progress toward reducing inequality has been achieved, benefits and services continue to fall short of what might be considered a "welfare state" or Dynamic Social Security
Crise e reformas do complexo previdenciário no brasil
Full text linkOrientador : Sonia Miriam DraibeTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de EconomiaDoutorad
Professores da educação básica no Brasil: Condições de vida, inserção no mercado de trabalho e remuneração
No full textLife conditions for teachers working in basic education are better than those of the average Brazilian working population. However, the high number of teachers living in households with per capita income below 0.5 of the minimum wage requires attention. Teachers in public schools have better conditions than private school teachers, when controlling for teachers schooling and union representation. Nevertheless, teachers' incomes are reduced and salaries vary quite a bit throughout the country. When teachers' average salaries equal the average of the population with tertiary education, it would create conditions that would foster improved student learning
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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