1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Role of cytoskeleton in morphological changes of blood platelets
No full textPlatelets are an important component of blood that help maintain haemostasis. They are derived from large bone marrow residents, called megakaryocytes, which release tubular processes into the blood stream that fragment and eventually form 2 to 3 μm sized enucleate discoid platelets. Activation of platelets is caused by factors released into the bloodstream upon endothelial damage, to which they respond by undergoing a distinct order of shape transition, from discoid, to spheroid, to dendritic, and finally an extended morphology, required to form a clot. Despite the simple architecture, platelets are able to drastically alter their morphology owing to the repertoire of cytoskeletal proteins they express. Microtubules, which form a bundle running along the platelet periphery, are known to be important for maintaining the resting discoid morphology of a platelet, while actin is heavily implicated in the later stages that require adhesion. During the first step of platelet activation, the microtubule marginal band undergoes coiling, while the platelet changes from a disc to a sphere shape. Both actin and microtubules are implicated in this process but the mechanics of the process are not clearly understood.
The following project has been carried out to explore the role of cytoskeletal mechanics in triggering activation of a platelet. A combination of experimental and analysis techniques was used to quantitatively assess mechanical properties of the system in a resting state, as well as during activation, by direct measurement of the marginal band morphology. The structure and composition of the marginal band was analyzed using electron tomography, which provided detailed information on individual microtubules. Super-resolution microscopy was also used to visualize the overall morphology and composition of the marginal band. With this data we could infer the mechanical properties of the resting marginal band in fixed platelets. To analyze the dynamics of coiling process, live cell fluorescence microscopy was used in combination with a microfluidic system. With this setup, changes in the marginal band shape could be followed in response to treatment with agonists or inhibitors that affect the cytoskeleton, that is, a process analogous to mechanical perturbations of the platelet. A large population of platelets was also analyzed to infer the intrinsic variations mechanical properties of the marginal band. The Cytosim software was used to set up simulation of marginal band coiling.
By using a multifaceted approach, we were able to get novel insight into the mechanics of marginal band coiling. Firstly, we showed that length distribution of microtubules in a set of resting platelet marginal bands follows an exponential distribution. The sum of all polymerized microtubule length was found to be 101.84µm ±12.63 per platelet. The typical distance between two microtubules was found to be 30nm in a tightly packed marginal band. Secondly, by measuring the dynamics of coiling, we could infer that the marginal band behaves like a visco-elastic ring upon activation with ADP. This response was found to be dependent on actin, while thrombin activation elicited a response that manifested in an actin independent manner. Analysis of large population of platelets showed that the tubulin intensity scales as a power of five to the platelet radius, indicating a possible enrichment of tubulin in platelets. Finally, our data suggests that platelets with longer marginal bands have a higher propensity to coil.
Although some of our results need to be followed up with further investigations, this study provides an experimental and analysis framework that allows us to quantitatively analyze platelet cytoskeleton morphology with an aim to understand the mechanics of platelet activation in healthy and disease states
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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