1,720,971 research outputs found
Faktorer der fremmer og hæmmer punktskriftindlæring og -vedligehold for 0-17årige i de inkluderede lege- og læringsfællesskaber i dagtilbud, skole og på ungdomsuddannelse. Et scoping review
Get PDFFormål: Formålet med denne masteropgave har været at kortlægge eksisterende forsknings- og praksisbaseret viden om faktorer, der fremmer eller hæmmer indlæring og vedligeholdelse af punktskrift hos børn og unge i inkluderende lege- og læringsfællesskaber.
Metode: Opgaven er gennemført som et scoping review baseret på Joanna Briggs Institutes sekstrinsmetodologi. I alt 13 studier blev inkluderet, identificeret via systematiske litteratursøgninger og manuelle søgninger. Data blev analyseret ved hjælp af tematisk analyse inspireret af Braun og Clarke med henblik på at identificere gennemgående temaer på tværs af studierne.
Resultater: Analysen identificerede fem centrale temaer som både fremmende og hæmmende faktorer: (1) lærerkompetencer, (2) forældreinddragelse, (3) tidlige indsatser, (4) teknologiske og punktskriftspecifikke hjælpemidler og (5) motivation. Derudover blev manglende lovgivningsmæssig forankring af punktskriftsindsatser i dagtilbud og folkeskole fremhævet som en strukturel barriere. Temaerne er indbyrdes forbundne og kontekstuelt betingede.
Konklusion: Læring og vedligeholdelse af punktskrift beror på et komplekst samspil mellem didaktiske, sociale og strukturelle forhold. På trods af eksisterende nationale retningslinjer på området peger fundene på behovet for, at disse understøttes af lovgivning for at sikre systematisk implementering og lige adgang til indsatser på tværs af kommuner, dagtilbud og skoler. Fundene fra scoping reviewet supplerer og styrker den praksisbaserede viden fra det danske nationale projekt Sammen om punktskrift, som denne opgave bygger videre på. Resultaterne skal danne grundlag for udvikling af konkrete anbefalinger til praksis.Purpose: The purpose of this master’s thesis was to map existing research- and practice-based knowledge on factors that promote or hinder the acquisition and maintenance of Braille literacy among children and young people in inclusive play and learning communities.
Method: The thesis was conducted as a scoping review, following the six-step methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. A total of 13 studies were included, identified through systematic literature searches and citation tracking. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis inspired by Braun and Clarke, aiming to identify recurring themes across the included studies.
Results: Five central themes were identified as both promoting and hindering factors: (1) teacher competencies, (2) parental involvement, (3) early interventions, (4) technological and Braillespecific assistive tools, and (5) motivation. Furthermore, the lack of legislative anchoring of Braille-related efforts in early childhood and primary education was highlighted as a structural barrier. The themes are interdependent and contextually situated.
Conclusion: Braille literacy and its maintenance depend on a complex interplay of didactic, social, and structural factors. Although national guidelines exist in Denmark, the findings indicate a need for these to be supported by legislation to ensure systematic implementation and equal access to services across municipalities, preschools, and schools. The findings of this scoping review supplement and strengthen the practice-based knowledge generated through the national Danish project Sammen om punktskrift ("Together on Braille"), upon which this thesis builds. The results will form the basis for the development of concrete recommendations for practice
Jeg tror egentlig det er veldig vanskelig for alle å forstå hva CVI er
No full textDet er godt dokumentert at barn med Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI) har omfattende synsutfordringer og konsekvenser som påvirker dem i stor grad. Men det er gjort lite forskning på hvordan CVI påvirker voksne. Derfor vil dette masterprosjektet utforske hvordan mennesker over 18 år erfarer å leve med CVI.
Målet har vært å utvikle kunnskap om hvordan CVI påvirker hverdagsliv, sosiale interaksjoner, hvilken betydning CVI har hatt for deres utdanning og eventuelt arbeid, og hva slags mulige mestringsstrategier og begrensninger deltakerne med CVI opplever i hverdagslige aktiviteter.
I dette kvalitative prosjektet ble det brukt en hermeneutisk tilnærming. Det ble gjennomført kvalitative semistrukturerte intervjuer med fem deltakere.
Gjennom analysen kom det frem tre kategorier: 1. «Ser godt, men har synsproblemer», som handler om å bli bevist sin synsutfordring gjennom en god og betydningsfull synsutredning. Deltakerne opplevde at andre ikke forsto at det var CVI de strevde med. 2. «Jeg velger å fokusere meg på det jeg kan» - handler om varierende erfaringer med profesjonelle folk og mestringsstrategiene som bidro til å håndtere ulike synsutfordringer. 3. «CVI påvirker hverdagen min i mye større grad enn det jeg selv er klar over» - handler om at CVI skapte utfordringer på alle deltakernes livsarenaer, og hadde en betydelig innvirkning på personligheten og atferden til deltakerne.
Kompleksiteten til CVI ble fremhevet og hvordan det manifesterte seg hos deltakerne. Vanskeligheter med å meddele sine utfordringer pekte seg som en av de sentrale funnene, og førte til begrenset forståelse og annerkjennelse. Persepsjonsvansker hindret dem i forskjellige livsoppgaver og resulterte i store tap av energi. En del av deltakerne ble utsatt for systemsvikt. Derfor var det viktig med synsutredning og identifiseringen av CVI-tilstanden. Tross alle utfordringene beskrev deltakerne flere mestringsstrategier de hadde tilegnet seg gjennom livet.
Økt bevissthet og nok kunnskap rundt CVI både hos deltakerne og profesjonelle vil fremme en dypere innsikt i CVI. Det vil forbedre selvforståelse, selvstendighet og dermed livskvalitet for personer med CVI.
Nøkkelord: Cerebral Visual Impairmenet (CVI) – persepsjonsvansker – livserfaring – profesjonell kompetanse – synsutredning.It is well documented that children with Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI) have extensive vision challenges and consequences that affect them to a great extent. But little research has been done on how CVI affects adults. Therefore, this master's project will explore how people over the age of 18 experience living with CVI.
The aim has been to develop knowledge about how CVI affects everyday life, social interactions, what significance CVI has had for their education and possible work, and what kind of possible coping strategies and limitations the participants with CVI experience in everyday activities. In this qualitative project, a hermeneutic approach was used. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with five participants.
Through the analysis, three categories emerged: 1. "Sees well, but has vision problems", which is about being proven one's vision challenge through a good and significant vision examination. The participants experienced that others did not understand that it was CVI they were struggling with. 2. "I choose to focus on what I can do" - is about varying experiences with professional people and the coping strategies that helped to deal with various vision challenges. 3. "CVI affects my everyday life to a much greater extent than I myself am aware of" - is about the fact that CVI created challenges in all the participants' life arenas and had a significant impact on the personality and behaviour of the participants.
The complexity of CVI was highlighted and how it manifested itself in the participants. Difficulties in communicating as their challenges, emerged as one of the central findings, and led to limited understanding and recognition. Perceptual difficulties hindered them in various life tasks and resulted in a great loss of energy. Some of the participants were exposed to system failure. Therefore, it was important to have an eye examination and the identification of the CVI condition. Despite all the challenges, the participants described several coping strategies they had acquired throughout their lives.
Increased awareness and enough knowledge about CVI both among the participants and professionals will promote a deeper insight into CVI. It will improve self-understanding, independence and thus quality of life for people with CVI.
Keywords: Cerebral Visual Impairmenet (CVI) - perception difficulties - life experience - professional competence - vision examination
Implementing structured vision assessment in stroke care services: The KROSS knowledge translation project
Get PDFBackground
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in Norway and internationally. Many
functions can be affected by stroke and vision is one of them. Visual impairments (VIs)
affect 60% of all stroke survivors, and includes reduced visual acuity, eye movement
disorders, visual field defects and perceptual deficits. Post-stroke VIs can lead to a
number of negative consequences. It reduces the effect of general rehabilitation, cause
immobilisation and reduced participation in activities, and reduced quality of life. Vision
rehabilitation and individually adapted information for the stroke survivor and their
caregivers can reduce the negative effects of post-stroke VIs. Post-stroke VIs are often
overlooked by the stroke survivors and healthcare professionals. To identify post-stroke
VIs, the visual function needs to be assessed. Even so, visual assessment is not an
integral part stroke care. This represents a gap between knowledge about
post-stroke Vis and the current practise in Norway.
Aim
The main aim of this project was to improve stroke care by implementing structured
vision assessment in Kongsberg municipality using an adapted version of the KROSS (a
Norwegian acronym standing for Competence and Rehabilitation of Sight after Stroke)
vision assessment tool. Another aim was to increase the competence and awareness
post-stroke VIs among health care personnel. The aims of the three sub-studies are
based on different parts of the implementation process. Sub-study 1 explores
stroke survivors’ experiences of vision care in within stroke health services.
The second study assess barriers and facilitators to the implementation of a structured
vision assessment in the municipal health care service. In the third study,
the implementation outcomes are evaluated.
Methods
We used the Knowledge To Action (KTA) model to plan and organise the implementation
project. The KTA model describe the different components in the implementationprocess,
and consists of a ‘Knowledge Creation’ part and an ‘Action Cycle’ part. We applied a
collaborative approach to the implementation and the three sub-studies and
included relevant stakeholders in all parts of the implementation. All three sub-studies
are qualitative studies. Sub-study 1 is a qualitative interview study with in-depth
interviews of 10 stroke survivors with post-stroke VIs. Study 1 and 2 were analysed using
inductive content analysis. Sub-study 2 include individual interviews with 11 health
professionals and managers. In addition, we included data from two workshop
discussions with a total of 26 participants. The results from sub-study 1 and 2 were used
in planning and organising the implementation. Sub-study 3 consisted of four focus group
interviews. The study had a deductive-inductive approach, and we used a framework for
implementation outcomes.
Results
‘Invisible’ vision problems – was the main theme in sub-study 1. The theme represents
how the participants experienced post-stroke VIs as an unknown and difficult symptom
of stroke. The participants experienced a lack of attention to, and follow-up of their VIs
in the health services. VIs was highlighted as a main hinder returning to living the life they
had before the stroke. In sub-study 2, individual and contextual barriers and facilitators
were identified. The individual barriers were related to the participants' experiences of
having low competence of visual function and assessment. They considered themselves
as generalists, not stroke experts. Some participants were reluctant due to previous
experiences with unsuccessful implementation projects. Individual facilitators were the
belief that including vision assessment would improve their services for stroke survivors.
If the tool was perceived as useful and evidence based, it would be easier to implement.
Contextual barriers were experiences of unclear responsibility for vision care, lack of
structured interdisciplinary collaboration and lack of formal stroke routines. Time
constraints and practical difficulties related to include the vision tool in the medical
records were other contextual barriers. Contextual facilitators were leader support and
acknowledgement, in addition to having a flexible work schedule. In sub-study 3, the
participants expressed that the structured visual assessment with the KROSS tool was
acceptable in their clinical practice. They were motivated to use the new routine
because they acknowledged that the visual function influenced other functions, such as
mobility and activities of daily living. Most of the participants reported having adopted
KROSS, except for the home care service which experienced that they saw few stroke
survivors in their service. They all reported increased attention and awareness to post-stroke VIs.
The KROSS assessment was considered to be most appropriate in the rehabilitation
services where they already perform many function assessments. Although vision
assessment was new to all participants, they felt they became more confident in
performing the assessment when they used the tool frequently. The good user manual
and supervision in their own practice, they experienced the vision assessment as
feasible. That the vision assessment was included in the existing routines and systems
was important to promote a sustainable implementation.
Conclusion
This knowledge translation project and the three sub-studies have generated new and
important insight about the implementation of structured vision assessment after stroke.
The three studies provided insight to the gap between knowledge and action from the
perspectives of the stroke survivors, but also from the health care personnel who
described that they lacked knowledge and skills about visual function and assessment.
Stroke survivors from several organizations participated throughout the project and
contributed with their experiences and acted as demo patients in the workshops. This
was emphasized by the health care personnel as especially motivating. We developed
many different strategies to implement the KROSS tool, especially important was the
workshops to promote knowledge and skills in assessing vision. In addition arrangements
made to supervise the participants practising the KROSS tool were also valuable. The
KROSS tool has been adopted in the rehabilitation unit and home rehabilitation in
Kongsberg municipality, a stroke unit and the rehabilitation hospital. Using the KTA model
to plan and complete the implementation was important for the outcome of the project,
because it provided an overview of important elements of the implementation process.
The collaborative approach was important for involving and create enthusiasm from
health care managers and practitioners in the implementation, promoting a sustainable
routine for vision assessment in the municipalitypublishedVersio
Implementing structured vision assessment in stroke care services: The KROSS knowledge translation project
No full textBackground
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in Norway and internationally. Many
functions can be affected by stroke and vision is one of them. Visual impairments (VIs)
affect 60% of all stroke survivors, and includes reduced visual acuity, eye movement
disorders, visual field defects and perceptual deficits. Post-stroke VIs can lead to a
number of negative consequences. It reduces the effect of general rehabilitation, cause
immobilisation and reduced participation in activities, and reduced quality of life. Vision
rehabilitation and individually adapted information for the stroke survivor and their
caregivers can reduce the negative effects of post-stroke VIs. Post-stroke VIs are often
overlooked by the stroke survivors and healthcare professionals. To identify post-stroke
VIs, the visual function needs to be assessed. Even so, visual assessment is not an
integral part stroke care. This represents a gap between knowledge about
post-stroke Vis and the current practise in Norway.
Aim
The main aim of this project was to improve stroke care by implementing structured
vision assessment in Kongsberg municipality using an adapted version of the KROSS (a
Norwegian acronym standing for Competence and Rehabilitation of Sight after Stroke)
vision assessment tool. Another aim was to increase the competence and awareness
post-stroke VIs among health care personnel. The aims of the three sub-studies are
based on different parts of the implementation process. Sub-study 1 explores
stroke survivors’ experiences of vision care in within stroke health services.
The second study assess barriers and facilitators to the implementation of a structured
vision assessment in the municipal health care service. In the third study,
the implementation outcomes are evaluated.
Methods
We used the Knowledge To Action (KTA) model to plan and organise the implementation
project. The KTA model describe the different components in the implementationprocess,
and consists of a ‘Knowledge Creation’ part and an ‘Action Cycle’ part. We applied a
collaborative approach to the implementation and the three sub-studies and
included relevant stakeholders in all parts of the implementation. All three sub-studies
are qualitative studies. Sub-study 1 is a qualitative interview study with in-depth
interviews of 10 stroke survivors with post-stroke VIs. Study 1 and 2 were analysed using
inductive content analysis. Sub-study 2 include individual interviews with 11 health
professionals and managers. In addition, we included data from two workshop
discussions with a total of 26 participants. The results from sub-study 1 and 2 were used
in planning and organising the implementation. Sub-study 3 consisted of four focus group
interviews. The study had a deductive-inductive approach, and we used a framework for
implementation outcomes.
Results
‘Invisible’ vision problems – was the main theme in sub-study 1. The theme represents
how the participants experienced post-stroke VIs as an unknown and difficult symptom
of stroke. The participants experienced a lack of attention to, and follow-up of their VIs
in the health services. VIs was highlighted as a main hinder returning to living the life they
had before the stroke. In sub-study 2, individual and contextual barriers and facilitators
were identified. The individual barriers were related to the participants' experiences of
having low competence of visual function and assessment. They considered themselves
as generalists, not stroke experts. Some participants were reluctant due to previous
experiences with unsuccessful implementation projects. Individual facilitators were the
belief that including vision assessment would improve their services for stroke survivors.
If the tool was perceived as useful and evidence based, it would be easier to implement.
Contextual barriers were experiences of unclear responsibility for vision care, lack of
structured interdisciplinary collaboration and lack of formal stroke routines. Time
constraints and practical difficulties related to include the vision tool in the medical
records were other contextual barriers. Contextual facilitators were leader support and
acknowledgement, in addition to having a flexible work schedule. In sub-study 3, the
participants expressed that the structured visual assessment with the KROSS tool was
acceptable in their clinical practice. They were motivated to use the new routine
because they acknowledged that the visual function influenced other functions, such as
mobility and activities of daily living. Most of the participants reported having adopted
KROSS, except for the home care service which experienced that they saw few stroke
survivors in their service. They all reported increased attention and awareness to post-stroke VIs.
The KROSS assessment was considered to be most appropriate in the rehabilitation
services where they already perform many function assessments. Although vision
assessment was new to all participants, they felt they became more confident in
performing the assessment when they used the tool frequently. The good user manual
and supervision in their own practice, they experienced the vision assessment as
feasible. That the vision assessment was included in the existing routines and systems
was important to promote a sustainable implementation.
Conclusion
This knowledge translation project and the three sub-studies have generated new and
important insight about the implementation of structured vision assessment after stroke.
The three studies provided insight to the gap between knowledge and action from the
perspectives of the stroke survivors, but also from the health care personnel who
described that they lacked knowledge and skills about visual function and assessment.
Stroke survivors from several organizations participated throughout the project and
contributed with their experiences and acted as demo patients in the workshops. This
was emphasized by the health care personnel as especially motivating. We developed
many different strategies to implement the KROSS tool, especially important was the
workshops to promote knowledge and skills in assessing vision. In addition arrangements
made to supervise the participants practising the KROSS tool were also valuable. The
KROSS tool has been adopted in the rehabilitation unit and home rehabilitation in
Kongsberg municipality, a stroke unit and the rehabilitation hospital. Using the KTA model
to plan and complete the implementation was important for the outcome of the project,
because it provided an overview of important elements of the implementation process.
The collaborative approach was important for involving and create enthusiasm from
health care managers and practitioners in the implementation, promoting a sustainable
routine for vision assessment in the municipalit
Loss of driving licence after stroke: The lived experiences of older men
Get PDFAim: The aim of this study was to illuminate the lived experience of older men who stop driving after a stroke and how they adapt to life without driving.
Background: Stroke survivors who cease driving, and men in particular, may experience reduced participation in activities, changes in social roles and increased dependency.
Method: A phenomenological hermeneutical study with in-depth interviews of six men who have experienced stroke. The data analysis involved a text-interpretation procedure.
Findings: Three main themes were identified: (i) driving as an integral part of life and the basis for work and leisure activities; (ii) relief and punishment, representing diverse experiences of driving cessation; and (iii) becoming independent and active without a car - a difficult transition.
Conclusion: Driving cessation can be experienced as an obstacle to the goals of rehabilitation that requires adaptation. The rehabilitation process should include use of public transportation, with the aim of increasing participation in various activities.publishedVersio
Norwegian Vision in Stroke (NorVIS) Network. Årsrapport 2022
Get PDFOgså 2022 har vært et aktivt år i arbeidet med å utvikle bedre tjenester for personer med synsvansker etter hjerneslag. Denne rapporten oppsummerer aktiviteten i Norwegian Vision in Stroke (NorVIS) nettverket i 2022. Gjennom året har nettverket styrket sin posisjon som en unik tverrfaglig arena for samarbeid om å sette fokus på at syn og synsproblem må bli en naturlig integrert del av helse-, omsorgs- og opplæringstilbudet etter hjerneslag. NorVIS har bidratt til endring i klinisk praksis ved å dele ny kunnskap, forskningsresultater, og erfaringer i og utenfor nettverket. Det er kommet to nye assosierte partnere, noen er slått sammen organisatorisk og noen har gått ut. Til sammen er vi fortsatt 36 partnere.
I 2022 har NorVIS satt i gang og deltatt i flere prosjekter for å bidra til utvikling av tjenestene for personer med synsvansker etter hjerneslag. Vi har startet arbeidet med å identifisere og prioritere hva det bør forskes på innen syn og hjerneslag. Det har blitt arbeidet videre med spørreundersøkelsen som ble gjennomført i 2021. Et prosjekt for implementering av kunnskap og rutiner om kartlegging av syn etter hjerneslag ble gjennomført av Regional Kompetansesenter for rehabilitering, og på tampen av året ble det satt i gang et prosjekt for å definere gode pasientforløp for personer med synsvansker etter hjerneslag. NorVIS bidrar videre som en arena for forskningsformidling og samler klinikere, brukerorganisasjoner og forskere i en felles plattform. I 2022 ble doktorgradsprosjektet «Et slag for syn» ferdigstilt mens StrokeVIS, TenCraos og doktorgradsprosjektet “Better vision, better health – Improving Vision specific health literacy among adult stroke survivors” er pågående.
Det tar tid å spre kunnskap og implementere den i praksis og det krever samarbeid og langsiktig arbeid på flere arenaer. I 2022 har NorVIS jobbet for at synskartlegging skal registreres i hjerneslagregisteret og at «problemer med å lese eller skrive» skal rapporteres hver for seg og ikke sammen som i dag. Vi lyktes med det siste punktet, men vil fortsatt arbeide for at synskartlegging kommer inn som et kvalitetskriterium for god slagbehandling. NorVIS har som samlet gruppe, og via enkeltpartnere, fortsatt arbeidet med å få SE inn i symptomkampanjen. LHL Hjerneslag og Afasi har henvendt seg til Helsedirektoratet med et slikt krav, som igjen har forespurt et utvalg fagmiljø om deres syn på dette. Fortsatt argumenterer vi for slagordet «Problemer med å prate, smile, løfte, se -da må du ringe 113!»
En rekke foredrag og mediebidrag har sitt utspring fra NorVIS, nettopp for å bidra til økt helsekompetanse hos befolkningen og hos fagpersoner. Etter hvert i 2022 ble det også mulig å møte fysisk igjen og det ble gjennomført et vellykket årsmøte på Kongsberg i desember. NorVIS har fått to nye assosierte partnere i 2022: Lovisenberg Diakonale sykehus og Molde kommune.publishedVersio
Norwegian Vision in Stroke (NorVIS) Network: Årsrapport 2023
Get PDFDenne rapporten oppsummerer aktiviteten i Norwegian Vision in Stroke (NorVIS) nettverket i 2023. Gjennom året har nettverket styrket sin posisjon som en unik tverrfaglig arena for samarbeid om å sette fokus på at syn og synsproblem må bli en naturlig integrert del av helse-, omsorgs- og opplæringstilbudet etter hjerneslag. NorVIS har bidratt til endring i klinisk praksis ved å dele ny kunnskap, forskningsresultater, og erfaringer i og utenfor nettverket. Til sammen er vi 37 partnere.
Å spre oppmerksomhet og kunnskap om synsproblemer etter hjerneslag har vært viktig også i 2023. Et høydepunkt var arrangementet «Unødvendig kunnskapshull om synstap – utfordringer og løsninger for bedre helse» i Hjerneteltet under Arendalsuka, som ble arrangert i samarbeid med Norges Blindeforbund og Nasjonal behandlingstjeneste for sansetap og psykisk helse.
Det har også kommet ny kunnskap om syn og hjerneslag gjennom flere forskningsartikler både i og utenfor NorVIS nettverket. NorVIS nettverket har også i 2023 vist seg å være en attraktiv samarbeidspartner som kunnskapsformidler i nasjonale og internasjonale konferanser. Et annet høydepunkt var å samarbeide med Institut for Blinde og Svagsynede om den nordiske Syn og Hjerne konferansen i Danmark. Her var flere NorVIS partnere bidragsytere, og andre deltagere.
NorVIS jobber for å forbedre tjenester for folk med synsproblemer etter hjerneslag. Det er gledelig å se at flere lokale nettverk har startet med å utvikle løsninger for denne gruppen, og NorVIS har bidratt med faglige innlegg og nettverket sitt. lokale initiativ er avgjørende for å sikre gode tjenester for personer med synsproblemer etter hjerneslag i Norge, hvor tjenestene er så ulikt organisert.
Det er godt å se at NorVIS vokser i takt med oppmerksomheten om syn og slag i Norge.publishedVersio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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