8 research outputs found
High Prevalence of Carbapenemase-Producing <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in Wound Infections, Ghana, 2017/2018
No full textThree years after a prospective study on wound infections in a rural hospital in Ghana revealed no emergence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria we initiated a new study to assess the prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. Three hundred and one samples of patients with wound infections were analysed for the presence of resistant bacteria in the period August 2017 till March 2018. Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter (A.) baumannii were further characterized by resistance gene sequencing, PCR-based bacterial strain typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST “Oxford scheme”). A. baumanni was detected in wound infections of 45 patients (15%); 22 isolates were carbapenem-resistant. Carbapenemases NDM-1 and/or OXA-23 were detected in all isolates; two isolates harboured additionally OXA-420. PFGE and MLST analyses confirmed the presence of one A. baumannii strain in 17 patients that was assigned to the worldwide spread sequence type ST231 and carried NDM-1 and OXA-23. Furthermore, two new A. baumannii STs (ST2145 and ST2146) were detected in two and three patients, respectively. Within three years the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii increased dramatically in the hospital. The early detection of multidrug-resistant bacteria and prevention of their further spread are only possible if continuous surveillance and molecular typing will be implemented
Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria in Infected Wounds, Ghana, 2014
No full textWound infections are an emerging medical problem worldwide, frequently neglected in under-resourced countries. Bacterial culture and antimicrobial drug resistance testing of infected wounds in patients in a rural hospital in Ghana identified no methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae but identified high combined resistance of Enterobacteriaceae against third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones
Erythropoietin dampens injury-induced microglial motility
No full textTraumatic brain injury causes progressive brain atrophy and cognitive decline. Surprisingly, an early treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) prevents these consequences of secondary neurodegeneration, but the mechanisms have remained obscure. Here we show by advanced imaging and innovative analytical tools that recombinant human EPO, a clinically established and neuroprotective growth factor, dampens microglial activity, as visualized also in vivo by a strongly attenuated injury-induced cellular motility
A cross-sectional study on the impact of herbal medicine on the prevalence of bacterial and fungal pathogens in wound infections and surgical site infections in rural Ghana
No full textThis study was performed to get a better understanding about the use of traditional herbal
medicine on wound infection in Ghana, and to analyze possible effects on wound pathogen
composition and pathogen resistance. Our results demonstrate that traditional herbal
medicine is still widely used in rural Ghana. This includes the use of medical plants described
previously, especially Alchornea cordifolia. There was a significant effect on pathogen
prevalence in wounds treated with traditional herbal medicine with regard to key bacterial
and fungal pathogens, but no general difference in pathogen distribution. Herbal medicine
products were often contaminated with bacterial and fungal pathogens, which may trigger
infection of wounds. With 94.6 %, a high prevalence of wound infections resulting from
bacterial and fungal pathogens could be determined. Although infection rates were highest
in chronic wounds, a high prevalence (24.9 %) of hospital-acquired surgical-site infections
was also demonstrated. Infected wounds were mainly of polymicrobial composition. With
more than 60 %, the majority of pathogens were gram-negative bacteria consisting of
Enterobacterales and non-fermenters. Nearly every third wound was infected with grampositive
bacteria. The majority of S. aureus was shown to produce the virulence factor PVL.
Together with the already high rates of combined fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin
resistance in most gram-negative bacterial species found in wound infections, the novel
appearance of PVL-positive MRSA and new emergence and nosocomial spread of
carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii in the study region are worrying. Anaerobic and fungal
pathogens requiring challenging polymicrobial diagnostics were detected in small numbers,
including metronidazole-resistant B. fragilis. While sequence typing has revealed new A.
baumannii strains, it can only be assumed that lack of diagnostics, improper treatment and
widely available over-the-counter antibiotics are contributing factors to the rise of new
antibiotic resistances. Together, these results emphasize the importance of permanent
availability of local microbial diagnostics and continuous surveillance of the local resistance
situation. Still not completely resolved is the precise reason for the emergence of new
antibiotic resistances. Finally, access to effective antibiotic drugs according to specific
resistance profile needs to be established.2026-03-1
A coding variant of ANO10, affecting volume regulation of macrophages, is associated with Borrelia seropositivity
No full textIn a first genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach to anti-Borrelia seropositivity, we identified two significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs17850869, P = 4.17E-09; rs41289586, P = 7.18E-08). Both markers, located on chromosomes 16 and 3, respectively, are within or close to genes previously connected to spinocerebellar ataxia. The risk SNP rs41289586 represents a missense variant (R263H) of anoctamin 10 (ANO10), a member of a protein family encoding Cl(-) channels and phospholipid scramblases. ANO10 augments volume-regulated Cl(-) currents (IHypo) in Xenopus oocytes, HEK293 cells, lymphocytes and macrophages and controls volume regulation by enhancing regulatory volume decrease (RVD). ANO10 supports migration of macrophages and phagocytosis of spirochetes. The R263H variant is inhibitory on IHypo, RVD and intracellular Ca(2+) signals, which may delay spirochete clearance, thereby sensitizing adaptive immunity. Our data demonstrate for the first time that ANO10 has a central role in innate immune defense against Borrelia infection
Emerg Infect Dis
No full textWound infections are an emerging medical problem worldwide, frequently neglected in under-resourced countries. Bacterial culture and antimicrobial drug resistance testing of infected wounds in patients in a rural hospital in Ghana identified no methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae but identified high combined resistance of Enterobacteriaceae against third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones
MOESM1 of A Coding Variant of ANO10, Affecting Volume Regulation of Macrophages, Is Associated with Borrelia Seropositivity
No full textSupplementary material, approximately 5.26 MB
