177,007 research outputs found
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Liftings for noncomplete probability spaces
No full textThe current state of knowledge concerning liftings for noncomplete probability spaces is discussed. This is a somewhat expanded version of the author's talk given at the 1991 Summer Conference on General Topology and Applications in Honor of Mary Ellen Rudin and Her Work.PT: S; CR: BURKE MR, IN PRESS P AM MATH S BURKE MR, 1991, ISRAEL J MATH, V73, P33 BURKE MR, 1992, ISRAEL J MATH, V79, P289 CARLSON T, THEOREM LIFTING CHRISTENSEN JPR, 1974, TOPOLOGY BOREL STRUC FREMLIN DH, 1989, HDB BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS, P877 INOESCUTULCEA A, 1966, 5TH P BERK S MATH ST, V2 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1967, CONTRIBUTIONS PROB 1, P63 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1969, TOPICS THEORY LIFTIN JECH TJ, 1978, SET THEORY JOHNSON RA, 1980, P AM MATH SOC, V80, P234 JUST W, IN PRESS T AM MATH S KUPKA J, 1983, INDIANA U MATH J, V32, P717 LOSERT V, 1983, LNM, V1080, P95 MAHARAM D, 1958, P AM MATH SOC, V9, P987 SHELAH S, 1983, ISRAEL J MATH, V45, P90 TALAGRAND M, 1982, P AM MATH SOC, V84, P379 VONNEUMANN J, 1931, CRELLES J MATH, V165, P109; NR: 18; TC: 0; J9: ANN N Y ACAD SCI; PG: 4; GA: BZ86BSource type: Electronic(1
Hansen, Lee (Lee R.). Union, non-union, and managerial pay plan state employees, 2008-2019
No full text1 online resource (2 pages)"July 1, 2021."Provides the number of union and non-union state employees in each of the last 14 years. Also provides the number of state employees paid under the state's managerial pay plan during each of those years. Updates OLR research report 2019-R-011
W poszukiwaniu chrześcijańskich wartości, motywów i symboli w północnoamerykańskiej literaturze fantasy
No full textIn order to join the discourse on the relationship between fantasy literature and Christianity the following work analyzes a selection of fantasy novels in terms of their reconstruction of the biblical tradition. The texts chosen for analysis are Stephen R. Donaldson’s "Chronicles of Thomas Covenant", "the Unbeliever", Guy Gavriel Kay’s "Fionavar Tapestry", Celia S. Friedman’s "Coldfire Trilogy", and Brandon Sanderson’s "Mistborn series". Using the methods and terminology of phenomenology of religion (present in the works of Rudolf Otto, Gerardus van der Leeuw and Mircea Elidae) each chapter provides a detailed characteristic of individual fantastic religions appearing in the selected texts, which allows the author to determine to what extent their imaginary sphere of sacred is informed by Christianity and to what extent the fictional numinous resembles the Christian God. Each chapter also evaluates to what extent the figures, events, symbols and motifs appearing in the chosen works reconstruct the contents of the Old and the New Testament, and how Christian morality informs the actions of the heroes. Finally, each chapter takes into consideration the author’s private comments on religion and Christianity.Celem niniejszej pracy jest włączenie się do dyskursu na temat problematyki relacji między literaturą fantasy i chrześcijaństwem poprzez analizę wybranych tekstów pod kątem ich nawiązań do tradycji biblijnej. Wybrane teksty to "Kroniki Thomasa Covenanta" Stephena R. Donaldsona, "Fionavarski Gobelin" Guy’a Gavriela Kay’a, "Trylogia Zimnego Ognia" Celii S. Friedman oraz cykl "Z Mgły Zrodzony" Brandona Sandersona. Odwołując się do narzędzi i pojęć fenomenologii religii obecnych w pracach Rudolfa Otto, Gerarda van der Leeuwa i Mircea Eliadego każdy rozdział w pierwszej kolejności przedstawia charakterystykę poszczególnych fantastycznych religii, co pozwala dalej na określenie w jakim stopniu wykreowana przez autora sfera świętości nawiązuje do chrześcijańskiego sacrum oraz w jakim stopniu fikcyjne numinosum odpowiada chrześcijańskiemu ujęciu Boga. Możliwe staje się wykazanie czy postaci, wydarzenia, symbole i motywy składające się na fikcyjną sferę świętości nawiązują do Starego i Nowego Testamentu lub stanowią rekonstrukcję elementów z nich zapożyczonych. Poddane analizie pod kątem ich zgodności z moralnością chrześcijańską są także postawy i czyny bohaterów oraz ich indywidualne podejście do wiary i religii. Na zakończenie każdego rozdziału przytoczone są prywatne uwagi autorów na temat religii i chrześcijaństwa.Wydział Filologiczny. Instytut Neofilologii
Types of atmospheric circulation in the region Bydgoszcz-Toruń during long-time meteorological drought in the years 1989-1998
No full textW pracy przeanalizowano rozkład typów cyrkulacji atmosfery w regionie bydgosko-toruńskim, w czasie występowania długotrwałej suszy meteorologicznej, w okresie od VIII 1989 r. do IX 1998 r. Termin wystąpienia suszy określono na podstawie miesięcznych wartości standaryzowanego wskaźnika opadów SPI-48, obliczonych na podstawie znormalizowanych 48-miesięcznych sum opadów zmierzonych w Bydgoszczy w latach 1896-2000. Typy cyrkulacji dla regionu bydgosko-toruńskiego zdefiniowano na podstawie katalogu 21 typów sytuacji synoptycznych, według klasyfikacji Niedźwiedzia. Częstość poszczególnych typów cyrkulacji powietrza w okresie badanej suszy meteorologicznej, określono na podstawie kalendarza typów cyrkulacji, sporządzonego na podstawie codziennych dolnych map synoptycznych, publikowanych przez niemiecką służbę meteorologiczną Deutscher Wetterdienst. Klasyfikacje typów cyrkulacji dla poszczególnych dób dokonano na podstawie kierunku adwekcji, rodzaju układu barycznego i kształtu linii izobarycznych. Dla każdego miesiąca w okresie VII 1989-IX 1998 określono sumaryczny rozkład częstości poszczególnych typów cyrkulacji, który obejmował bieżący miesiąc suszy i 47 poprzedzających miesięcy. Stwierdzono, że średnia wartość SPI-48 w okresie VIII 1989-IX 1998 wynosiła -1,5 i była to najbardziej intensywna susza meteorologiczna w XX w. Wydzielono w niej trzy wielomiesięczne okresy najbardziej intensywnej suszy: ekstremalnej i silnej. W czasie trwania suszy najczęściej występowały typy cyrkulacji powietrza: Ka (klin antycyklonalny, rozmyty obszar podwyższonego ciśnienia, oś wału wysokiego ciśnienia) - 18%, Bc (bruzda cyklonalna, rozmyty obszar niskiego ciśnienia lub oś bruzdy niżowej) - 15% i Wc (cyklonalne sytuacje z adwekcją powietrza z zachodu) - 12%. Najrzadziej (w ok. 1%) występowały cyrkulacje z adwekcją powietrza ze wschodu. Stwierdzono istotną zależność między wartościami wskaźnika SPI-48 i wskaźnikami cyrkulacji strefowej W (r = -0,71), cyrkulacji południkowej S (r = 0,79) oraz między SPI-48 i wskaźnikiem cykloniczności C (r = 0,68).In the article was examined the distribution of types of air circulation in the region of Bydgoszcz-Toruń, during the occurrence of long-term meteorological drought in the period until VIII 1989 to IX 1998. The term of drought was based on monthly values of the standardized precipitation index SPI-48, which were calculated on the base of standardized 48-month total precipitation measured in Bydgoszcz in the years 1896-2000. Types of circulation for the region of Bydgoszcz-Toruń were defined on the basis of a catalog of 21 types of synoptic situation, which was adopted on the basis of classification proposed by NIEDŹWIEDŹ (1981). The frequency of each type of air circulation in the period examined meteorological drought, was defined on the basis of the calendar of circulation types, done on the basis of lower daily weather chart, published by Deutsche Wetter Dienst. Classification of circulation types for individual day was based on the direction of advection, the type and shape of barometric isobaric lines. For each month during the VII 1989-IX 1998 specified cumulative frequency distribution of various types of circulation, which included the current month drought and 47 preceding months. It was found that the average value of the SPI-48 in the period VIII 1989-IX 1998 was -1.5 and it was the most intense meteorological drought in the twentieth century. During the time of drought it was isolated three the periods of the most intense drought: extreme and strong. The most frequent types of air circulation were: Ka - 18% (anticyclonic wedge, sometimes a few unclear centres Or a blur area of high pressure, axis of ridge of high pressure), Bc - 15% (cyclonic trough, blur area of low pressure or axis of cyclonic trough with different direction of air advection and front systems dividing different air masses) and Wc - 12% (synoptic situations with air advection from the west). There was a significant correlation between the values of SPI-48 and the index of the zonal westerny circulation W (r = -0.71), index of southerly circulation S (r = 0.79) and between the SPI-48 and cyclonicity index C (r = 0.68)
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