772 research outputs found
Kinetic and fluid dynamic modeling of ethylene jet flames in diluted and heated oxidant stream combustion conditions
No full textThis paper reports the results of a numerical investigation of several turbulent nonpremixed ethylene jet flames, either undiluted or diluted with hydrogen, air or nitrogen, which have been experimentally studied using a jet in hot coflow (JHC) burner. The fuel jet issues into a hot and highly diluted coflow at two O2 levels (3% or 9%) and a temperature of 1100 K. These conditions emulate those of moderate or intense low oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion. The attention is mainly focused on assessing the performance of different models for the turbulence-chemistry interaction. The model predictions are compared to experimental measurements. The Eddy dissipation concept (EDC), flamelet and PDF transport models were used in combination with a two-equation turbulence model (k-ε) and two different kinetic mechanisms (GRI-Mech 3.0 and POLIMI). The effect of the oxygen concentration in the coflow is well captured by all models. A modified version of the EDC model, recently proposed for the modeling of methane MILD combustion conditions, is also used. This model significantly improves the predictions of the EDC in the case of the ethylene flames studied in this paper. The agreement between measurements and predictions of the flamelet model is generally not as good as the PDF transport and modified EDC models, whose predictions are in good agreement with the measurements, and are improved especially for the apparent liftoff heights and the peak flame temperature. The effect of the fuel composition on the CH 2O formation is also discussed, showing generally good agreement. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Seyed Reza Shabanian, Paul Ross Medwell, Masoud Rahimi, Alessio Frassoldati, Alberto Cuoc
Supplemental Material - The Prevalence of Asymptomatic Cervical Spinal Cord Compression in Individuals Presenting With Symptomatic Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Meta-Analysis
No full textSupplemental Material for The Prevalence of Asymptomatic Cervical Spinal Cord Compression in Individuals Presenting With Symptomatic Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Meta-Analysis by Farzin Farahbakhsh, Sepehr Khosravi, Vali Baigi, Masoud Pourghahramani Koltapeh, Amirmahdi Khayyamfar, Zahra Eskandari, Zahra Ghodsi, James Harrop, and Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar in Global Spine Journal</p
Ecriture au feminin par procuration : Pierre de patience d'Atiq Rahimi
No full textThe author proposes a feminist interpretation of Pierre de patience, a novel by the afghan francophone writer Atiq Rahimi. He sees it as a francophone text come from elsewhere, as world literature, but also as a message and hope for our time and for gender equality
THE LURE OF THE IMAGE KEBOHONGAN PADA NARASI PEREMPUAN DALAM SYNGUE SABOUR PIERRE DE PATIENCE KARYA ATIQ RAHIMI
No full textThis study aims to determine the position of the author in women narration. With Rahimi’s background as a feminist, he said that with his novel he voiced the voices of Afghan women. Rahimi offered a strong female figure in the middle of the patriarchal shackles who is able to fight the system. The problem of this study is Rahimi’s ambiguity in narrating women. To determine the position of the author, the research uses the concept of the lure of the image belongs to Lidia Curti. The lure of the image is an offer provided by the author to give positions to women that are in fact not provided by them. Based on the research conducted, the results show that Rahimi keeps women as objects in a patriarchal world. In this case he is not able to pull the women out of the patriarchal zone. The space given to women by Rahimi reinforces male power. What Rahimi written in this novel is the lure of the image according to Curti’s concept which explains it as an image of women given by author or known as female gaze
On the relationship between language learning strategy use and motivation
No full textA shift of attention has taken place in second/foreign language (L2) learning research from the products of learning to the processes through which learning takes place. Thus, L2 researchers have turned their attention to the role that language learning strategies play in L2 learning/teaching. Given that L2 learning and teaching is difficult and needs motivation, this study investigates second language (L2) learning strategy use as well as instrumental and integrative types of motivation. Besides, it explores the relationship between L2 learning strategy use and motivation in a sample of 152 EFL learners at two Iranian universities. To collect data, Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) and a motivational questionnaire were used. The collected data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using correlation. Results showed that, first, Iranian EFL participants, in general, had a moderately high level of motivation toward learning English. Second, they were more integratively motivated. Third, compensation strategies were the leading strategy type and social strategies were the least common reported type of strategy. Fourth, motivation correlated positively with all types of language learning strategies. Finally, the implications of the findings for L2 research and pedagogy are presented
The impact of Iranian EFL university students’ personality type on their burnout
No full textBurnout is a three dimensional phenomenon which is categorized as an important social problem. Personality type is also an important factor that may play a role in developing burnout. However, research has focused on job burnout, environmental factors, and their impacts on people and society and there is not much research related to student burnout and the impact of individual factors on student burnout. Thus, this study investigated the impact of EFL students’ personality type on their burnout. For data collection, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) were given to a sample of 292 Iranian EFL students from several universities. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between extrovert-introvert and sensing-intuition groups in three components of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment). Moreover, there was a significant difference between the judging-perceiving group in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions but, there was not a significant difference between them in the personal accomplishment dimension. Besides, there was not any significant difference in the thinking-feeling group in three dimensions of burnout. The findings can give EFL teachers and students the power to predict which students will be more at risk for burnout and help them to prevent burnout.El “burnout” (o síndrome d'esgotament professional) és un fenomen tridimensional considerat un problema social important. El tipus de personalitat és un factor important en el desenvolupament de l’esgotament professional. La recerca s'ha centrat en l’esgotament laboral, els factors ambientals i l’impacte que té en les persones i la societat i no hi ha gaire recerca relacionada amb el l’esgotament dels estudiants i l'impacte que hi tenen els factors individuals. Així, aquest estudi explora la influència que el tipus de personalitat d’estudiants d'EFL té en el seu esgotament psicològic. Per a la recopilació de dades, l'indicador de Myers-Briggs (MBTI) i l'enquesta de Maslach (MBI-SS) es van lliurar a una mostra de 292 estudiants d'EFL iranians de diverses universitats. Els resultats indiquen que hi ha una diferència significativa entre grups segons els criteris extravertit/introvertit i sensorial/intuïtiu pel que fa a tres components del “burnout” (esgotament emocional, despersonalització i realització personal). A més, hi ha una diferència significativa pel que fa al grup valoratiu/perceptiu en relació a l'esgotament emocional i les dimensions lligades a la despersonalizació, però no una diferència significativa en aquest grup en la dimensió de la realització personal. A més, no hi ha una diferència significativa en el grup reflexiu/emocional en tres dimensions de burnout. Les troballes poden donar als professors i als estudiants d'EFL la capacitat de predir quins estudiants tindran més risc d’esgotar-se acadèmicament i ajudar-los a prevenir aquesta situació.El "burnout" (o “síndrome de agotamiento profesional”) es un fenómeno tridimensional considerado un problema social importante. El tipo de personalidad es un factor importante en el desarrollo del agotamiento profesional. La investigación se ha centrado en el agotamiento laboral, los factores ambientales y el impacto que tiene en las personas y la sociedad y no hay mucha investigación relacionada con el agotamiento de los estudiantes y el impacto que tienen los factores individuales. Así, este estudio explora la influencia que el tipo de personalidad de estudiantes de EFL tiene en su agotamiento psicológico. Para la recopilación de datos, el indicador de Myers-Briggs (MBTI) y la encuesta de Maslach (MBI-SS) fueron implementados en una muestra de 292 estudiantes de EFL iraníes de varias universidades. Los resultados indican que hay una diferencia significativa entre grupos según los criterios extrovertido/introvertido y sensorial/intuitivo con respecto a tres componentes del "burnout" (agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y realización personal). Además, hay una diferencia significativa con respecto al grupo valorativo/perceptivo en relación al agotamiento emocional y las dimensiones relacionadas con la despersonalización, pero no hay una diferencia significativa en este grupo en la dimensión de la realización personal. Además, no hay una diferencia significativa en el grupo reflexivo/emocional en tres dimensiones de burnout. Los hallazgos pueden dar a los profesores y los estudiantes de EFL la capacidad de predecir qué estudiantes tendrán más riesgo de agotarse académicamente y ayudarles a prevenir esta situación.Le "burnout" (ou "syndrome d’épuisement professionnel") est un phénomène tridimensionnel considéré comme un problème social important. Le type de personnalité est un facteur important dans le développement de l'épuisement professionnel. La recherche s'est concentrée sur l'épuisement dans le monde du travail, les facteurs environnementaux et leur impact sur les individus et la société. Les recherches sur l'épuisement des étudiants et sur l'impact des facteurs individuels sont peu nombreuses. Ainsi, cette étude explore l'influence que le type de personnalité des étudiants d'EFL a sur leur épuisement psychologique. Pour la collecte des données, l'indicateur Myers-Briggs (MBTI) et l'enquête Maslach (MBI-SS) ont été mis en œuvre sur un échantillon de 292 étudiants iraniens d'EFL de différentes universités. Les résultats indiquent qu'il y avait une différence significative entre les groupes selon les critères extravertis/introvertis et sensoriels/intuitifs en ce qui concerne trois composantes de « l’épuisement » (épuisement émotionnel, dépersonnalisation et épanouissement personnel). De plus, il y a une différence significative en ce qui concerne le groupe évaluateur/perceptuel en ce qui concerne l'épuisement émotionnel et les dimensions liées à la dépersonnalisation, mais il n'y a pas de différence significative dans la dimension de l'épanouissement personnel. De plus, il n'y a pas de différence significative dans le groupe réflexif/émotionnel en trois dimensions de l'épuisement professionnel. Les résultats peuvent donner aux enseignants et aux étudiants de l'EFL la capacité de prédire quels élèves risquent le plus d'être épuisés sur le plan scolaire et de les aider à prévenir cette situation
Intraocular lens calcification: Clinico-pathological report of two cases and literature review
No full textPurpose: We report the clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes of two cases of intraocular lens (IOL) calcification along with a review of the current literature.
Case Report: The first patient was a 53-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus (type 2) who underwent phacoemulsification with posterior chamber IOL insertion (PCIOL), and pars plana vitrectomy. Significant clouding of the IOL was first noted after 1.5 years, and the IOL was replaced with an Artisan lens. The second patient was a 22-year-old woman with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome; she underwent a lensectomy, PCIOL, and pars plana vitrectomy. IOL opacification was first noted 4.5 years after the initial surgery and the IOL was extracted.
Conclusion: The calcification of each IOL was confirmed by a pathologist. Further studies are required to determine the primary causes and mechanisms of the calcification of biomaterials including IOLs
Smith Professor Hillel Y. Levin offers his thoughts on the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on U.S. v. Rahimi
No full textSmith Professor Hillel Y. Levin offers his thoughts on the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on U.S. v. Rahimi:
What did the Supreme Court do in Rahimi?
As expected, the Court reversed the Fifth Circuit and held that when an individual has been found by a court to pose a credible threat to the physical safety of another, that individual may be temporarily disarmed consistent with the Second Amendment. The decision was 8-1, with only Justice Thomas dissenting.
On what basis did the Supreme Court decide the case?
The Court held that when looking for historical analogues of modern-day restrictions on firearms, it is not necessary to find a perfectly equivalent regulation from the Founding or post-Civil War eras. In the words of Chief Justice Roberts, the author of the majority opinion, the Second Amendment permits more than just those regulations identical to ones that could be found in 1791. It is sufficient that there be sufficient historical analogues that impose similar burdens or restrictions on the right to bear arms for similar reasons. Here, the Court concluded that the country has a tradition of disarming individuals who pose a clear threat of physical violence to another, even if not quite in the same manner as the law that was applied to Rahimi.
Does this clarify Bruen? How will it impact other cases?
This was a fairly narrow opinion. The Court kept the Bruen regime intact and gave little guidance to lower courts in applying it to other kinds of regulations. At most, the Court clarified that historical analogues need not be perfect in order to justify a modern restriction. However, lower courts will continue to struggle to determine just how similar a modern restriction must be to the historical analogue.
University of Georgia School of Law Smith Professor Hillel Y. Levin is available for further commentary at [email protected]
Smith Professor Hillel Y. Levin offers his thoughts on the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on U.S. v. Rahimi
No full textSmith Professor Hillel Y. Levin offers his thoughts on the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on U.S. v. Rahimi:
What did the Supreme Court do in Rahimi?
As expected, the Court reversed the Fifth Circuit and held that when an individual has been found by a court to pose a credible threat to the physical safety of another, that individual may be temporarily disarmed consistent with the Second Amendment. The decision was 8-1, with only Justice Thomas dissenting.
On what basis did the Supreme Court decide the case?
The Court held that when looking for historical analogues of modern-day restrictions on firearms, it is not necessary to find a perfectly equivalent regulation from the Founding or post-Civil War eras. In the words of Chief Justice Roberts, the author of the majority opinion, the Second Amendment permits more than just those regulations identical to ones that could be found in 1791. It is sufficient that there be sufficient historical analogues that impose similar burdens or restrictions on the right to bear arms for similar reasons. Here, the Court concluded that the country has a tradition of disarming individuals who pose a clear threat of physical violence to another, even if not quite in the same manner as the law that was applied to Rahimi.
Does this clarify Bruen? How will it impact other cases?
This was a fairly narrow opinion. The Court kept the Bruen regime intact and gave little guidance to lower courts in applying it to other kinds of regulations. At most, the Court clarified that historical analogues need not be perfect in order to justify a modern restriction. However, lower courts will continue to struggle to determine just how similar a modern restriction must be to the historical analogue.
University of Georgia School of Law Smith Professor Hillel Y. Levin is available for further commentary at [email protected]
Toward Constant Service Quality Monitoring in Transport Nodes
No full text© 2022 Mohammad Masoud RahimiPromoting public transport relies on developing effective tools for the proactive management of service quality in public transport nodes. However, the challenging environment of these nodes, characterised by crowding and congestion, limited physical space, and frequent changes, poses obstacles to existing monitoring approaches. This calls for novel data-driven methods to provide insight into the management of such a challenging environment. This study fills this gap by combining subjective and objective service quality measures, along with proposing state-of-the-art models, to enable constant assessment of service quality in the confined spaces of transport nodes. The resulting insights are expected to support prompt, context-aware, and flexible decision-making, benefiting local communities, transport authorities, and related industries.
First, the feasibility of integrating unstructured data sources, such as social media content, for concurrent monitoring of service quality in transport nodes is investigated. To that end, tweets are mined to evaluate various service quality characteristics. To realize this, a novel framework based on a fine-tuned language model and sentiment analysis is proposed. This allows for the classification of tweets and the effective detection of unusual events impacting perceived service quality. Findings highlight the constraints of sparse yet valuable data, where extra knowledge from sentiment analysis improves the monitoring tool's sensitivity in a variety of settings.
Next, a novel framework is designed to discover and predict events impacting service quality across a network of constrained public transport nodes. To that end, social media content offers a unique opportunity to effectively model such a complex phenomenon. Nonetheless, this is challenging. Apart from data sparsity, the asynchronous nature of the observations impedes pattern discovery and event prediction. To tackle this, Hawkes Point Process is used to model events without making them discrete. Moreover, sentiment analysis is used to strengthen the model with extra information. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach in identifying the causal patterns and predicting events over the limited context.
Then, Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) footage as an authoritative dataset is used to monitor pedestrians' behaviour on platforms and objectively measure service quality in transport nodes. A pre-requisite is to accurately identify and localize pedestrians in the footage. However, this is challenging as pedestrians are often partially occluded in the crowded environment of transport nodes. To address this, a novel human pose-aware pedestrian localization framework is proposed to ensure a fast and accurate location of pedestrians. Results show the effectiveness of the approach in pedestrian localization.
Finally, a novel framework for an effective combination of subjective and objective service quality measures in transport nodes is provided. To this end, multivariate Hidden Markov Models and vision-based Level of Service estimation are used to ensure robustness in the fusion of both datasets with significantly different characteristics. The model is strengthened by employing extracted sentiment information from social media feeds as additional knowledge about passengers' perceptions. Results show the efficacy of the framework compared to data-intensive state-of-the-art data fusion approaches.
Overall, this study develops a range of new methods and brings new theories and technologies together, to enable concurrent monitoring of public transport infrastructure performance. The results of this study can be used as a contributing module in Cyber-Physical systems to constantly monitor passenger-infrastructure interactions. The findings would not only have a positive impact on people's quality of life but also inspire researchers from other disciplines, especially the public transport community, to employ data-driven solutions in a variety of interesting ways
- …
