1,720,959 research outputs found
Energetic study of a residential building in Skutskär and savings proposal
No full textThis project consists on the Energy audit carried out on a residential building in Skutskär, property of the company Älvkarlebyhus, which is placed in the Älvkarleby municipality, belonging to Uppsala County in Sweden. The aim of the Energy audit is to obtain how much Energy is used, when is it used and how is it used. As well as the costs of the Energy use. The aim of the Energy audit also consists in reduces the Energy use applying efficiency measures. The audit carried out consist on identifying the heat losses and heat gains of the building, thus establishing an Energy balance that will reflect the Energy state of the building and finally propose some efficiency measures that could be applied. With this purpose, a strong method was developed in order to obtain as accurate results as possible. This method studies separately each component of the balance in order to get a better approach. The idea when working and present the results is to manage all the information in an easy way and present it in an easily understandable way for everyone, thus was used a spreadsheet. The expected results have been achieved; the difference between the heat losses and gains is of 0 MWh, which represents the balance 0 and all the values obtained are according to the experience values, which achieve the expected results. The total heat gain of the balance accounts for 1575,23 MWh. It is compounded by the District heating consumption which accounts 742,22 MWh that represents the 47 % of the heat gain and by the free heating which accounts for 832,79 MWh that represents the 53 %. The free heating is compounded by solar radiation which accounts for 643,36 MWh representing 41 % and for Internal heating which accounts for 189,43 MWh that represents 12 %. The total heat loss of the balance accounts for 1575,23 MWh. It is compounded by transmission losses which accounts for 875,46 MWh that represents 56 %, mechanical ventilation which accounts for 369,89 MWh that represents the 23 %, natural ventilation which account for 182,88 MWh that represents 12 % and hot tap water which account for 147 and represents 9 %. The efficiency measures will improve the Energy use in the buildings; especially in the cases were the Energy usage is too high, as in the case of transmission losses. Thus, the efficiency measures will be proposed mainly to alleviate the high values but also to improve other inefficient uses of the Energy. There are some efficiency measures proposed for every component of the balance and there is also some recommendation for the company in order to implement the most attractive ones, taking into account its profitability. These measures are only proposed and not studied deeply because of the main limitation of this thesis. Therefore, it is recommended to continue the study in order to examine and analyse deeply each measure, according to the energetic survey already done
Energy Optimization and Techno-economic assessment of an air source heat pump for sanity hot water production
No full text[EN] Nowadays there are in the market high performance air source heat pumps for sanitary hot
water production (SHW) and there is lot of research work for further increasing it. Nevertheless,
when installing those high-performance system coupled with a storage tank, until 30 % of the
global system energy efficiency (SPF4) can be spoiled. The indirect connection between the heat
pump and the storage tank has a big influence on the SPF4. However, after reviewing the
literature, it was found that none of the studies related to this topic was specifically addressing
this issue.
This work is focused on the indirect connection, which according to EN 1717:2000 is of
compulsory fulfilment to prevent pollution of potable water by backflow. The objective thus is
to determine the indirect connection with the highest possible energy efficiency, costeffectiveness,
and the lowest environmental cost. Moreover, an additional objective is to
determine the operating variables that make the system work in the optimal SPF4. Concluding
with two guides, one for the selection of the optimal case depending on the climate of the region
in the EU and another to select the optimal operation values of the HP to maximize the SPF4.
An integrated system model in TRNSYS has been created based on Geot€ch European project,
analysing three different options of indirect connection: (i) coil heat exchanger, (ii) external heat
exchanger and (iii) double wall condenser. Cases that have been compared against the
conventional systems for SHW production: immersion electric heater and gas boiler. Resulting
in the double wall condenser case as the most efficient, cost-effective and least CO2 emitter
option. Regarding the techno-economic analysis, heat pump technology has been proved
profitable against the immersion electric heater but non-profitable against the gas boiler and
thus the breakeven price for the profitability of the HP over the gas case has been obtained.[ES] Actualmente existen en el mercado bombas de calor aerotérmicas para producción de agua
caliente sanitaria de muy altas prestaciones y además hay mucha labor de investigación para
obtener equipos con mejores prestaciones. En cambio, cuando estos equipos se instalan junto
con un sistema de almacenamiento térmico la eficiencia del sistema puede caer hasta un 30 %.
La conexión indirecta entre la bomba de calor y el sistema de almacenamiento tiene pues una
gran influencia en la eficiencia global del sistema y no hay ningún estudio específico acerca de
este tema en la literatura.
Este trabajo se centra en dicha conexión indirecta que de acuerdo con la EN 1717:2000 es de
obligado cumplimiento para prevenir la contaminación del agua de consumo por reflujo. El
objetivo es determinar la conexión indirecta con la eficiencia energética y rentabilidad más altas
y con los mínimos costes medioambientales. Además, otro objetivo adicional es el de determinar
los valores de operación que hacen trabajar al sistema en el punto de máxima eficiencia.
Concluyendo con 2 guías, una para la selección del caso de conexión indirecta óptima en función
del clima de la UE y otra para seleccionar los valores de operación de la bomba que maximizan
SPF4.
Tres opciones de conexión indirecta se han analizado: (i) intercambiador tipo coil,
(ii) intercambiador de calor externo y (iii) condensador de doble pared; desarrollado un modelo
integral del sistema en TRNSYS basado en el proyecto Europeo Geot€ch. Comparándolos frente
a los sistemas convencionales: calentador eléctrico y caldera de gas. Los resultados muestran la
opción del condensador de doble pared como la más eficiente, la más rentable y con el mínimo
coste medioambiental. Respecto al análisis tecno-económico, el sistema analizado resulta
rentable frente al calentador eléctrico, pero no rentable frente a la caldera de gas, por ello se
ha calculado el precio del gas a partir del cual la bomba de calor sería rentable[CA] Actualment existeixen en el mercat bombes de calor aerotèrmiques per a la producció d'aigua
calenta sanitària de altes prestacions i, a més a més, hi ha molta labor d'investigació per a obtenir
equips amb millors prestacions. En canvi, quan estos equips s'instal·len junt amb un sistema
d’emmagatzemament tèrmic, l'eficiència del sistema pot caure fins a un 30 %. La connexió
indirecta entre la bomba de calor i el sistema d'emmagatzemament té, doncs, una gran
influència en l'eficiència global del sistema i no hi ha cap estudi específic sobre este tema en la
literatura.
Este treball se centra en dita connexió indirecta que, d'acord amb l'EN 1717:2000, és de
compliment obligatori per a prevenir la contaminació de l'aigua de consum per reflux. L'objectiu
és determinar la connexió indirecta amb l'eficiència energètica i rendibilitat més altes i amb els
costos mediambientals mínims. A més, un altre objectiu addicional és el de determinar els valors
d'operació que fan treballar al sistema en el punt de màxima eficiència (SPF4). Concloent amb 2
guies, un per a la selecció del cas de connexió indirecta òptima depenent del clima de la UE i
altra per a seleccionar els valors d'operació de la bomba per a maximitzar SPF4.
Tres opcions de connexió indirecta s'han analitzat: (i) intercanviador tipus coil, (ii) intercanviador
de calor extern i (iii) condensador de doble paret; desenvolupant un model integral del sistema
en TRNSYS basat en el projecte Europeu Geot€ch. Els casos analitzats s'han comparat davant
dels sistemes convencionals: calfador elèctric i caldera de gas. Els resultats mostren l'opció del
condensador de doble paret com la més eficient, la més rendible i amb el mínim cost
mediambiental. Respecte a l'anàlisi tecno-econòmic, el sistema analitzat resulta rendible davant
el calfador elèctric però no rendible enfront la caldera de gas, per això s'ha calculat el preu del
gas a partir del qual la bomba de calor seria rendibleMasip Sanchis, X. (2018). Energy Optimization and Techno-economic assessment of an air source heat pump for sanity hot water production. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/108978TFG
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Análisis de la demanda energética de un edificio construido mediante tecnología de impresión 3D y estudio de mejoras para cumplir con certificación de edificio de consumo casi nulo
Get PDF[ES] Actualmente, el consumo energético en la construcción, mantenimiento y utilización de los
edificios supone el 40% de la energía final total demandada según indica la Directiva
2012/27/UE, lo que se traduce en un gasto económico muy importante y en emisiones de
grandes cantidades de gases de efecto invernadero que contribuyen al cambio climático que
está experimentando el planeta Tierra hoy en día. La inmensa mayoría de la demanda energética
en las viviendas viene dada por el consumo de climatización como consecuencia del deseo por
establecer ciertas condiciones de confort en el interior.
Por ende, el objetivo de este trabajo reside en el análisis energético de un edificio residencial
construido en la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia mediante tecnología de impresión 3D, así
como el estudio de estrategias pasivas aplicables a dicha vivienda con el fin de alcanzar con los
requisitos necesarios para cumplir con la certificación de edificio de consumo casi nulo.[EN] Nowadays, energy consumption in the construction, maintenance and use of buildings
represents 40% of the total final energy demanded as indicated in Directive 2012/27 / EU, which
isturned into a very significant economic expense and large amounts of greenhouse effect gases
emissions that contribute to the climate change that planet Earth is suffering today. Most of the
energy demand in houses is given by the consumption of HVAC (Heating, Ventilating and Air
Conditioning) as a result of the desire to establish certain comfort conditions inside.
Therefore, the objective of this work lies in the energy analysis of a residential building built at
the Polytechnic University of Valencia using 3D printing technology, as well as the study of
passive strategies applicable to the house in order to achieve the necessary requirements to
achieve the nearly zero-energy building certification.Heras Reverte, VDL. (2019). Análisis de la demanda energética de un edificio construido mediante tecnología de impresión 3D y estudio de mejoras para cumplir con certificación de edificio de consumo casi nulo. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/123220TFG
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