1,721,031 research outputs found
Urban ecology
No full textThis volume is based on an International Workshop organised by the ESF European Science Foundation’s Forward Look in Urban Science, FLUS, and the QUA_SI Center for the study of Information Society of UNIMIB, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca. The layout of the volume is based on the consideration that two models of urbanisation face one another in the emerging European Urban Space. One is the traditional European model, albeit with its innumerable variations, but with a common basic unity rooted in the ancient European semis urbain blueprint, revisited during the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The other is the North American metropolitan core-ring type, which evolved in industrial times, mainly around productive settlements and encircled by a vast urban sprawl patterned by Daily Urban or Functional Urban Systems (DUSs or FURs). Both models are currently experiencing the same pressures toward the formation of energy-gobbling large scale conurbations, pushing outwardly the edges of the urban frontier in many directions. This process depends on the diffused availability of transportation means and of relatively cheap energy, but it unfolds in combination with a number of intertwining changes affecting the organization of work, family and housing structures as well as lifestyles, consumption patterns, and communication practices. It is not clear whether the European township model will be able to adapt efficiently to the emerging metropolis, avoiding the dangers of social and territorial segregation that accompanied the development of the North American metropolitan areas, while retaining the rich cultural heritage that characterized its urbane way of life over the course of many centuries. But there is little doubt that both models, as well as urban systems in other regions of the world, are subject to the same structural factors that tend to thwart, but not necessarily cancel, the original specificities and traditions. On the other hand, in a highly interdependent world of boundary-pounding markets, local traits are often given new life and displayed in a refurbished fashion. Thus, economies merge with the culture of cities in new and challenging ways. The book explores this complex situation bringing together a variety of social and natural scientists from different countries ( Giandomenico Amendola, Armando Bazzani, Virginio Bettini, Nicolò Costa, John Eade, Roger Friedland, Marisol Garcia, Bruno Giorgini, Lila Leontidou, Mario Liverani, Leonardo Marotta, Giampaolo Nuvolati, Fortunata Piselli, Richard Prentice, Sandro Rambaldi, Saskia Sassen, Edward Soja, Giorgio Turchetti) to provide an all-round image of the world dynamics in urban development
Verbal short-term memory in Down's syndrome: an articulatory loop deficit?
No full textVerbal short-term memory, as measured by digit or word span, is generally impaired in individuals with Down's syndrome (DS) compared to mental age-matched controls. Moving from the working memory model, the present authors investigated the hypothesis that impairment in some of the articulatory loop sub-components is at the base of the deficient maintenance and recall of phonological representations in individuals with DS
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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