1,720,962 research outputs found
The Amazonian Fruit Byrsonima Crassifolia Effectively Scavenges Reactive Oxygen And Nitrogen Species And Protects Human Erythrocytes Against Oxidative Damage
No full textA hydrophilic extract of murici (Byrsonima crassifolia), a fruit native to the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, was evaluated in relation to its phenolic composition and in vitro antioxidant potential against some physiologically relevant reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Additionally, the protective effect of murici extract against peroxyl radical (ROO)-induced toxicity to human erythrocytes was also determined. The major phenolic compound, determined by HPLC-DAD-MSn, was quercetin (2.72 ± 0.35μg/mL). The extract was able to scavenge ROO (0.30 ± 0.04μmoltroloxequivalent/mg), hypochlorous acid (IC50=10.0 ± 0.1μg/mL), hydroxyl radical (IC50=7 ± 1μg/mL) and peroxynitrite anion (IC50=21.0 ± 0.6μg/mL and 17.0 ± 1.6μg/mL, respectively, in absence and presence of NaHCO3). Human erythrocytes were subjected to oxidative damage, but murici extract was not able to inhibit hemolysis, even at the highest tested concentration. On the other hand, the extract inhibited hemoglobin oxidation (IC50=271 ± 44μg/mL), lipid peroxidation (1000μg/mL) by 48 ± 5%, depletion of glutathione (100μg/mL) by 49 ± 2% and formation of its oxidized form (100μg/mL) by 96 ± 4%.64618625Ajila, C.M., Prasada-Rao, U.J.S., Protection against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative damage in rat erythrocytes by Mangifera indica L. peel extract (2008) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46, pp. 303-309Almeida, I.F., Fernandes, E., Lima, J.L.F.C., Costa, P.C., Bahia, M.F., Walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extracts are strong scavengers of pro-oxidant reactive species (2008) Food Chemistry, 106, pp. 1014-1020Almeida, I.F., Fernandes, E., Lima, J.L.F.C., Costa, P.C., Bahia, M.F., Protective effect of Castanea sativa and Quercus robur leaf extracts against oxygen and nitrogen reactive species (2008) Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B, 91, pp. 87-95Almeida, M.M.B., Sousa, P.H.M., Arriaga, A.M.C., Prado, G.M., Magalhães, C.E.C., Maia, G.A., Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of fresh exotic fruits from northeastern Brazil (2011) Food Research International, 44, pp. 2155-2159Anouar, E., Kosinová, P., Kozlowski, D., Mokrini, R., Duroux, J.L., Trouillas, P., New aspects of the antioxidant properties of phenolic acids: A combined theoretical and experimental approach (2009) Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 11, pp. 7659-7668Chisté, R.C., Freitas, M., Mercadante, A.Z., Fernandes, E., The potential of extracts of Caryocar villosum pulp to scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (2012) Food Chemistry, 135, pp. 1470-1749Chisté, R.C., Freitas, M., Mercadante, A.Z., Fernandes, E., Carotenoids inhibit lipid peroxidation and hemoglobin oxidation, but not the depletion of glutathione induced by ROS in human erythrocytes (2014) Life Sciences, 99, pp. 52-60Chisté, R.C., Freitas, M., Mercadante, A.Z., Fernandes, E., Carotenoids are effective inhibitors of in vitro hemolysis of human erythrocytes, as determined by a practical and optimized cellular antioxidant assay (2014) Journal of Food ScienceChisté, R.C., Mercadante, A.Z., Identification and quantification, by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS, of carotenoids and phenolic compounds from the Amazonian fruit Caryocar villosum (2012) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 60, pp. 5884-5892Choi, J.S., Chung, H.Y., Kang, S.S., Jung, M.J., Kim, J.W., No, J.K., The structure-activity relationship of flavonoids as scavengers of peroxynitrite (2002) Phytotherapy Research, 16, pp. 232-235Clifford, M.N., Stoupi, S., Kuhnert, N., Profiling and characterization by LC-MSn of the galloylquinic acids of green tea, tara tannin, and tannic acid (2007) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55, pp. 2797-2807Costa, D., Marques, A.P., Reis, R.L., Lima, J.L.F.C., Fernandes, E., Inhibition of human neutrophil oxidative burst by pyrazolone derivatives (2006) Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 40, pp. 632-640Cuyckens, F., Claeys, M., Mass spectrometry in the structural analysis of flavonoids (2004) Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 39, pp. 1-15Dwight, J., Hendry, B.M., The effects of tert-butyl hydroperoxide on human erythrocyte membrane ion transport and the protective actions of antioxidants (1996) Clinica Chimica Acta, 249, pp. 167-181Friedrich, W., Eberhardt, A., Galensa, R., Investigation of proanthocyanidins by HPLC with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (2000) European Food Research and Technology, 211, pp. 56-64Gomes, A., Fernandes, E., Silva, A.M.S., Santos, C.M.M., Pinto, D.C.G.A., Cavaleiro, J.A.S., 2-Styrylchromones: Novel strong scavengers of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (2007) Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 15, pp. 6027-6036Gordon, A., Jungfer, E., Silva, B.A., Maia, J.G.S., Marx, F., Phenolic constituents and antioxidant capacity of four underutilized fruits from the Amazon region (2011) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59, pp. 7688-7699Guilhon-Simplicio, F., Pereira, M.M., Aspectos químicos e farmacológicos de Byrsonima (Malpighiaceae) (2011) Quimica Nova, 34, pp. 1032-1041Herrera-Ruiz, M., Zamilpa, A., González-Cortazar, M., Reyes-Chilpa, R., León, E., García, M.P., Antidepressant effect and pharmacological evaluation of standardized extract of flavonoids from Byrsonima crassifolia (2011) Phytomedicine, 18, pp. 1255-1261Ko, F.N., Hsiao, G., Kuo, Y.H., Protection of oxidative hemolysis bydemethyldiisoeugenol in normal and β-thalassemic red blood cells (1997) Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 22, pp. 215-222Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., Randall, R.J., Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent (1951) The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193, pp. 265-275Maldini, M., Montoro, P., Pizza, C., Phenolic compounds from Byrsonima crassifolia L. bark: Phytochemical investigation and quantitative analysis by LC-ESI MS/MS (2011) Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 56, pp. 1-6Maldini, M., Sosa, S., Montoro, P., Giangaspero, A., Balick, M.J., Pizza, C., Screening of the topical anti-inflammatory activity of the bark of Acacia cornigera Willdenow, Byrsonima crassifolia Kunth, Sweetia panamensis Yakovlev and the leaves of Sphagneticola trilobata Hitchcock (2009) Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 122, pp. 430-433Mariutti, L.R.B., Rodrigues, E., Mercadante, A.Z., Carotenoids from Byrsonima crassifolia: Identification, quantification and in vitro scavenging capacity against peroxyl radicals (2013) Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 31, pp. 155-160Martínez-Vásquez, M., González-Esquinca, A.R., Cazares Luna, L., Moreno-Gutiérrez, M.N., García-Argáez, A.N., Antimicrobial activity of Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) H.B.K. (1999) Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 66, pp. 79-82Ou, B., Hampsch-Woodill, M., Prior, R.L., Development and validation of an improved oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay using fluorescein as the fluorescent probe (2011) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49, pp. 4619-4626Perez-Gutierrez, R.M., Muñiz-Ramirez, A., Gomez, Y.G., Ramírez, E.B., Antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antiglycation effects of Byrsonima crassifolia fruit and seed in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (2010) Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 65, pp. 350-357Rodrigues, N.P., Benassi, M.T., Bragagnolo, N., Scavenging capacity of coffee brews against oxygen and nitrogen reactive species and the correlation with the bioactive compounds by multivariate analysis (2014) Food Research International, 61, pp. 228-235Rodrigues, E., Mariutti, L.R.B., Faria, A.F., Mercadante, A.Z., Microcapsules containing antioxidant molecules as scavengers of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (2012) Food Chemistry, 134, pp. 704-711Rodrigues, E., Mariutti, L.R.B., Mercadante, A.Z., Carotenoids and phenolic compounds from Solanum sessiliflorum, an unexploited Amazonian fruit, and their scavenging capacities against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (2013) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61, pp. 3022-3029Rufino, M.S.M., Fernandes, F.A.N., Alves, R.E., Brito, E.S., Free radical-scavenging behavior of some north-east Brazilian fruits in a DPPH-system (2009) Food Chemistry, 114, pp. 693-695Sandhu, A.K., Gu, L., Antioxidant capacity, phenolic content, and profiling of phenolic compounds in the seeds, skin, and pulp of Vitis rotundifolia (Muscadine grapes) as determined by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn (2010) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58, pp. 4681-4692Sentandreu, E., Cerdán-Calero, M., Sendra, J.M., Phenolic profile characterization of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection coupled to an electrospray ion trap mass analyzer (2013) Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 30, pp. 32-40Silva, E.M., Souza, J.N.S., Rogez, H., Rees, J.F., Larondelle, Y., Antioxidant activities and polyphenolic contents of fifteen selected plant species from the Amazonian region (2007) Food Chemistry, 101, pp. 1012-1018Singleton, V.L., Rossi, J.A., Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents (1965) American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16, pp. 144-158Sivilotti, M.L.A., Oxidant stress and haemolysis of the human erythrocyte (2004) Toxicological Reviews, 23, pp. 169-188Souza, J.N.S., Silva, E.M., Loir, A., Rees, J.F., Rogez, H., Larondelle, Y., Antioxidant capacity of four polyphenol-rich Amazonian plant extracts: A correlation study using chemical and biological in vitro assays (2008) Food Chemistry, 106, pp. 331-339Winterbourn, C.C., Reconciling the chemistry and biology of reactive oxygen species (2008) Nature Chemical Biology, 4, pp. 278-286Zitka, O., Skalickova, S., Gumulec, J., Masarik, M., Adam, V., Hubalek, J., Redox status expressed as GSH:GSSG ratio as a marker for oxidative stress in paediatric tumour patients (2012) Oncology Letters, 4, pp. 1247-1253Zou, C.G., Agar, N.S., Jones, G.L., Oxidative insult to human red blood cells induced by free radical initiator AAPH and its inhibition by a commercial antioxidant mixture (2001) Life Sciences, 69, pp. 75-8
Survey Of Aflatoxins In Tomato Products [aflatoxinas Em Produtos De Tomate]
Get PDFTomatoes are highly susceptible to fungi contamination in the field, during transportation, processing, and storage. Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus have been isolated from tomatoes and tomato products, and both fungi species can produce aflatoxin, mycotoxin with hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects on all animal species tested so far. In order to verify a possible aflatoxin contamination of tomato products commercialized in Brazil, 63 samples of tomato products (pulp, paste, purée, ketchup, dehydrated tomatoes, and dried tomatoes preserved in oil) produced in 5 Brazilian states and 1 imported sample (ketchup), totalizing 29 brands, were analyzed by thin layer chromatography. The analytical method showed an average recovery of 86% for all aflatoxins at two spiking levels. The limits of detection for the aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 varied with the type of the product ranging from 2 to 7 μg/kg. Aflatoxins were not detected in any evaluated sample indicating that they did not pose a risk to human health since there was no invasion of raw materials by toxigenic fungi or no conditions for toxin production.292431434(1998) Official Methods of Analysis. Method 970.44. 16 ed, , ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS - AOAC, Gaithersburg, EUAAyres, J.C., Kraft, A.A., Pierce, L.C., Delaying spoilage of tomatoes (1964) Food Technology, 18 (8), pp. 100-103A agricultura brasileira em números (2005) Estatística - Anuário, , http://www.agricultura.gov.br/portal/page?_pageid=33,2789141&_dad=po rtal&_schema=PORTAL, BRASIL. Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, In:, Disponível em:, Acesso em: 6 de Outubro de 2007Busby Jr,, W.F., Wogan, G.N., Aflatoxins (1981) Mycotoxins and N-nitroso compounds: Environmental risks, pp. 3-28. , In: SHANK, R. C. (Ed.)., E.U.A: CRC PressEhrlich, K.C., Aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus species from Thailand (2007) International Journal of Food Microbiology, 114 (2), pp. 153-159Frisvad, J.C., Skouboe, P., Samson, R.A., Taxonomic comparison of three different groups of aflatoxin producers and a new efficient producer of aflatoxin B-1, sterigmatocystin and 3-O-methylsterigmatocystin, Aspergillus rambellii sp nov (2005) Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 28 (5), pp. 442-453Gelosa, L., La ricerca delle mico'tossine in un laboratorio di sanità pubblica (1983) Industrie Alimentari, 22 (3), pp. 175-178Gourama, H., Bullerman, L.B., Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus: Aflatoxigenic fungi of concern in foods and feeds: A review (1995) Journal of Food Protection, 58 (12), pp. 1395-1404Gourama, H., Inhibition of growth and mycotoxin production of penicillium by Lactobacillus species (1997) LWT - Food Science and Technology, 3, pp. 279-283. , v.3Harwig, J., Toxins of molds from decaying tomato fruit (1979) Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 38 (2), pp. 267-274Hua, S.S.T., Grosjean, O.K., Baker, J.L., Inhibition of aflatoxin biosynthesis by phenolic compounds (1999) Letters in Applied Microbiology, 29 (5), pp. 289-291Ito, Y., Aspergillus pseudotamarii, a new aflatoxin producing species in Aspergillus section Flavi (2001) Mycological Research, 105 (2), pp. 233-239Kawashima, L.M., Soares, L.M.V., Massaguer, P.R., The development of an analytical method for two mycotoxins, patulin and verruculogen, and survey of their presence in commercial tomato pulp (2002) Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 33 (3), pp. 269-273Kenjo, T., Fungal population and distribution of aflatoxigenic fungi in commercial almond powder products (2007) Journal of the Food Hygienics Society of Japan, 48 (4), pp. 90-96Kheiralla, Z.H., Hassanin, N.I., Amra, H., Effect of incubation- time, temperature and substrate on growth and aflatoxin production (1992) International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 30 (1), pp. 17-27Lucisano, A., Campanini, M., Casolari, A., Contributo allo studio ambientali che condizionano la produzione di aflatossine negli alimenti (1972) Industria Conserve, 47 (1), pp. 27-31Mallozzi, M.A.B., Effect of flavonoids on Aspergillus flavus growth and aflatoxin production (1996) Revista de Microbiologia, 27 (2), pp. 161-165Marasas, W.F.O., Nelson, P.E., (1987) Mycotoxicology., , 1 ed, E.U.A.: The Pennsylvania State University PressMartínez-Valverde, I., Phenolic compounds, lycopene and antioxidant activity in commercial varieties of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) (2002) Journal of the Science of Food Agriculture, 82 (4), pp. 323-330Mislivec, P.B., Molds and tenuazonic acid in fresh tomatoes used for catsup production (1987) Journal of Food Protection, 50 (1), pp. 38-41Motta, S., Soares, L.M.V., Survey of Brazilian tomato products for alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, tenuazonic acid, and cyclopiazonic acid (2001) Food Additives and Contaminants, 18 (7), pp. 630-634Muhammad, S., Shehu, K., Amusa, N.A., Survey of the market diseases and aflatoxin contamination of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum MILL) fruits in Sokoto, northwestern Nigeria (2004) Nutrition and Food Science, 34 (2), pp. 72-76Mutti, P., Dellapina, G., Spotti, E., Produzione, stabilità, diffusione, screening di aflatossine in derivati del pomodoro (1992) Industria Conserve, 67 (1), pp. 39-41Northolt, M.D., Vanegmond, H.P., Paulsch, W.E., Differences between Aspergillus-flavus strains in growth and aflatoxin-b1 production in relation to water activity and temperature (1977) Journal of Food Protection, 40 (11), pp. 778-781Obeta, J.A.N., Ugwuanyi, J.O., Heat-resistant fungi in Nigerian heat-processed fruit juices (1995) International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 30 (5), pp. 587-590Oladiran, A.O., Iwu, L.N., Studies on the fungi associated with tomato fruit rots and effects of environment on storage (1993) Mycopathologia, 121 (3), pp. 157-161Pearson, R.C., Hall, D.H., Factors affecting the occurrence and severity of blackmold of ripe tomato fruit caused by Alternaria alternata (1975) Phytopathology, 65 (12), p. 1359Peterson, S.W., Aspergillus bombycis, a new aflatoxigenic species and genetic variation in its sibling species, A-nomius (2001) Mycologia, 93 (4), pp. 689-703Pitt, J.I., Miscamble, B.F., Water relations of Aspergillus flavus and closely related species (1995) Journal of Food Protection, 58 (1), pp. 86-90Ramakrishna, N., Lacey, J., Smith, J.E., Aspergillus flavus colonization and aflatoxin B-1 formation in barley grain during interaction with other fungi (1996) Mycopathologia, 136 (1), pp. 53-63Scott, P.M., Kanhere, S.R., Liquid chromatographic of tenuazonic acids in tomato paste (1980) Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 63 (3), pp. 612-621Soares, L.M.V., Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., Survey of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, and sterigmatocystin in some Brazilian foods, utilizing a multi-toxin thin layer chromatographic method (1989) Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 72 (1), pp. 22-26Stack, M.E., Liquid-chromatographic determination of tenuazonic acid and alternariol methyl ether in tomatoes and tomato products (1985) Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 68 (4), pp. 640-642Trucksess, M.W., Stoloff, L., Mislivec, P.B., Effect of temperature, water activity and other toxigenic mold species on growth of aspergillus-flavus and aflatoxin production on corn, pinto beans and soybeans (1988) Journal of Food Protection, 51 (5), pp. 361-36
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Microwave assisted direct saponification for the simultaneous determination of cholesterol and cholesterol oxides in shrimp
No full textA novel microwave-assisted direct saponification method for the simultaneous determination of cholesterol and cholesterol oxides in shrimp was developed and validated. Optimal saponification conditions, determined by means of an experimental design, were achieved using 500 mg of sample and 20 mL of 1 mol/L KOH ethanol solution for 16 min at 45 °C at maximum power at 200 W and magnetic stirring at 120 rpm. Higher extraction of cholesterol oxides in a reduced saponification time (∼75 times) was achieved in comparison with the direct cold saponification method. The new method showed low detection (≤0.57 μg/mL) and quantification (≤1.73 μg/mL) limits, good repeatability (≤10.50% intraday and ≤8.56% interday) and low artifact formation (evaluated by using a deuterated cholesterol-D6 standard). Raw, salted and dried-salted shrimps were successfully analyzed by the validated method. The content of cholesterol oxides increased after salting and decreased after drying.16918895FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP2013/06489-
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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