305 research outputs found
Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-2-tva-10.1177_15248380211038690 - Domestic Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-2-tva-10.1177_15248380211038690 for Domestic Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review by Anastasia Kourti, Androniki Stavridou, Eleni Panagouli, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Chara Spiliopoulou, Maria Tsolia, Theodoros N. Sergentanis and Artemis Tsitsika in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse</p
Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-tva-10.1177_15248380211038690 - Domestic Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-tva-10.1177_15248380211038690 for Domestic Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review by Anastasia Kourti, Androniki Stavridou, Eleni Panagouli, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Chara Spiliopoulou, Maria Tsolia, Theodoros N. Sergentanis and Artemis Tsitsika in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse</p
RSV Prevention in All Infants: Which Is the Most Preferable Strategy?
No full textRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a spectrum of respiratory illnesses in infants and young children that may lead to hospitalizations and a substantial number of outpatient visits, which result in a huge economic and healthcare burden. Most hospitalizations happen in otherwise healthy infants, highlighting the need to protect all infants against RSV. Moreover, there is evidence on the association between early-life RSV respiratory illness and recurrent wheezing/asthma-like symptoms As such, RSV is considered a global health priority. However, despite this, the only prevention strategy currently available is palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) indicated in a subset of preterm infants or those with comorbidities, hence leaving the majority of the infant population unprotected against this virus. Therefore, development of prevention strategies against RSV for all infants entering their first RSV season constitutes a large unmet medical need. The aim of this review is to explore different immunization approaches to protect all infants against RSV. Prevention strategies include maternal immunization, immunization of infants with vaccines, immunization of infants with licensed mAbs (palivizumab), and immunization of infants with long-acting mAbs (e.g., nirsevimab, MK-1654). Of these, palivizumab use is restricted to a small population of infants and does not offer a solution for all-infant protection, whereas vaccine development in infants has encountered various challenges, including the immaturity of the infant immune system, highlighting that future pediatric vaccines will most likely be used in older infants (>6 months of age) and children. Consequently, maternal immunization and immunization of infants with long-acting mAbs represent the two feasible strategies for protection of all infants against RSV. Here, we present considerations regarding these two strategies covering key areas which include mechanism of action, “consistency” of protection, RSV variability, duration of protection, flexibility and optimal timing of immunization, benefit for the mother, programmatic implementation, and acceptance of each strategy by key stakeholders. We conclude that, based on current data, immunization of infants with long-acting mAbs might represent the most effective approach for protecting all infants entering their first RSV season
Primary tooth abscess caused by Mycobacterium bovis in an immunocompetent child
No full textBovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease, and although its incidence has dramatically decreased in developed countries where effective control measures are applied, it still remains a potential health hazard in the developing world. Tuberculosis of the oral cavity is extremely rare and is usually secondary to pulmonary involvement. We present the unusual case of an immunocompetent 6-year-old child residing in an urban area with primary oral tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis, which was confirmed by the application of a molecular genetic approach. M. bovis belongs to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex which comprises species with close genetic relationship, and for this reason, the use of new molecular techniques is a useful tool for the differentiation at species level of the closely related members of this complex
Management of child MDR-TB contacts across countries in the WHO European Region: a survey of current practice
No full textThe World Health Organization European Region has one of the highest rates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) in the world, resulting in many vulnerable children getting exposed each year. Evidence for preventive therapy following MDR-TB exposure is limited and current guidance is conflicting. An online survey was performed to determine clinical practice in this region. Seventy-two clinicians from 25 countries participated. Practices related to screening and decision-making were highly variable. Just over half were providing preventive therapy for MDR-TB-exposed children; the only characteristic associated with provision was practice within the European Union (adjusted odds ratio: 4.07; 95% confidence interval: 1.33-12.5)
Availability and use of molecular microbiological and immunological tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in Europe - public dataset
No full textThe original data are accessible as .csv file. This dataset supports the publication Tebruegge M, Ritz N, Koetz K, Noguera-Julian A, Seddon JA, et al. (2014) Availability and Use of Molecular Microbiological and Immunological Tests for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Europe. PLOS ONE 9(6): e99129. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099129</span
Off-label antibiotic use in children in three European countries
No full textObjective: Antibiotics are the drugs most frequently prescribed for children, and most of them lack patent protection. The aim of this study was to evaluate off-label antibiotic use in three European countries. Methods: Data relating to all patients admitted to the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and paediatric wards of the participating centres were collected by the same investigator over a 2-week survey period between February and May 2009. The data included age, date of birth, weight, relevant medical history and diagnosis, together with details of all of the antibiotics prescribed (compound, route of administration, dose, and indication for use). Results: The study involved 616 children (110 admitted to NICUs: 62 in the UK, 38 in Italy and 10 in Greece; 506 admitted to general paediatric wards: 265 in the UK, 94 in Italy and 147 in Greece). A total of 1244 antibiotic prescriptions were issued (290 in NICUs and 954 in paediatric wards). The results showed that off-label antibiotic use is very common among European paediatric patients, with generally only slight, but sometimes significant differences between countries. However, this use relates almost exclusively to doses and indications, and rarely to age. The only antibiotics found to be used off-label in an age-related manner in paediatric clinical practice are meropenem for neonates and quinolones or linezolid for older children, which represent priorities for future studies. Conclusion: European-wide educational programmes are urgently needed to meet the objectives of improving paediatricians' working knowledge of the recommendations surrounding licensed antibiotics-use in children, and of reducing uncontrolled patterns of prescribing
Availability and Use of Molecular Microbiological and Immunological Tests for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Europe
No full text03.03.15 KB. Ok to add published version to spiral, OA pape
- …
