27 research outputs found
Laparoscopic ICG-guided stapled left lateral sectionectomy for HCC on hemochromatosis
No full textA case of a 76-year-old man, with a 10-year history of cirrhosis on a hemochromatosis (HH), CHILD score A, and MELD 10. The diagnosis of S2 and S3 liver mass detected during US surveillance prompted admission for surgery. A preoperative enhanced TC scan confirmed a 4 cm liver mass, highly suspicious for a HCC located in segments S2 and S3 with the involvement of the left hepatic vein and sparing of the main portal pedicle. Indocyanine green (ICG) was intravenously administered 6 hours before surgery and an ICG-guided laparoscopic S2–S3 left lateral sectionectomy was performed
Threshold Effects in Coral Reef Fisheries
No full textCoral reefs may naturally flip between coral-dominated and algae-dominated states, when species' stocks trespass some threshold levels. This essay uses a stylized model of a coral reef to show how fishing may induce flips towards more algae-dominated states. Threshold effects have consequences for fisheries management, which are analyzed for open access fisheries and sole ownership.Multiple Steady States, Fisheries, Threshold Effects, Coral Reefs, Skiba Points
LIVER TRANSPLANT FOLLOWING BARIATRIC SURGERY: A MINI REVIEW
No full textBackground: As obesity prevalence has been increasing dramatically in the last decades, bariatric surgery is on the rise as an effective and feasible option to treat metabolic diseases related to overweight. One rare, but potentially fatal, complication of bariatric surgery is hepatic failure requiring rescue liver transplantation.
Materials and Methods: Following the criteria of the PRISMA statement, a literature search was conducted focusing on papers concerning patients who underwent liver transplantation for hepatic failure following bariatric surgery. Due to the rarity of the described condition, both retrospective studies and case reports were included in this mini-review.
Results: Literature review was performed on PubMed, Embase and Med- line, using (“liver transplantation” OR “liver graft”) AND (“bariatric sur- gery” OR “obesity surgery” OR “metabolic surgery”) as search terms. This led to the identification of 145 papers. We restricted the search to humans and english language articles resulting in 101 eligible articles to review. Title and abstract revision led to the identification of 14 papers for full text analysis. Cross-reference check provided 4 more articles to review. After final full text review, 6 papers, of which 2 were case reports and 4 case series, were included in this study. The timeframe between bariatric sur- gery and liver transplant varied between bariatric surgery techniques, ranging from 7 months to 25 years: jejunoileal bypass had a longer latency of hepatic failure, while biliopancreatic diversion, long limb gastric bypass and biliointestinal bypass showed a more rapid decay of liver function. Out of 24 patients listed for liver transplant, 3 died on waiting list and 1 was still on transplant list at the time of publication.
Conclusions: Liver failure following bariatric surgery is an extremely serious condition, that can occur in both sub-acute and chronic setting. Although rare, its real incidence is not known and probably underreported in literature. Due to the worldwide spread of bariatric surgery, our goal is to highlight the importance of early recognition of liver failure in those patients
Is complete pathologic response in pancreatic cancer overestimated? A systematic review of prospective studies
No full textBackground: In literature, percentages of pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients presenting with resectable (RES), borderline resectable (BLR) or locally advanced (LA) pancreatic cancer (PaC) after neoadjuvant treatment (NADT) are variable, ranging 0–33%. Those data come mostly from retrospective reviews of single centres. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the incidence of pCR. Methods: Following the criteria of the PRISMA statement, a literature search was conducted looking for prospective papers focusing on neoadjuvant treatment in PaC. Retrospective papers, other than ductal carcinoma histologies and trials including metastatic patients, were excluded from the present review. Data extraction was carried out by 3 independent investigators. Meta-analysis was performed with ProMeta3 Software (Internovi, 2015). PROSPERO registry: CRD42018095641. Results: The literature search of Embase, Cochrane and Medline with the terms “neoadjuvant OR preoperative”, “pancreatic OR pancreas” and “cancer OR adenocarcinoma OR tumor” led to the identification of 3128 papers. We restricted the search to humans, last 10 years and English language articles resulting in 1158 eligible articles to review. Extended paper revision led to the inclusion of 27 papers. Complete pathologic response ranged 0–11.11%, at the meta-analysis 4% (95% CI 3–5%), in prospective studies 0–9.09% and in prospective databases 1.63–11.11%. Conclusions: Pathologic complete response in pancreatic cancer is actually infrequent: high-quality studies provide a more reliable picture of neoadjuvant effects, high rates of pCR are reported in selected retrospective studies but it is overestimated
The Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW) for a Local Authority: A Case Study in Italy
No full textThe Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW) has been calculated for many countries, but rarely at the local level. This paper shows how the index has been calculated for the Province of Siena, Central Italy. The whole procedure is illustrated step by step, including the search for the most suitable and precise methods to obtain reliable values for each item composing the index. Application of ISEW at a very local level was found to be feasible. The most general difficulty encountered was the lack of an adequate institutionalised source of statistical information to support the construction of indicators other than purely economic or demographic ones. The availability of data depends on the interest in implementing projects of sustainable management of natural resources and land on the part of local authorities and their consequent willingness to invest money and human resources on such projects. The ISEW is a good tool for local environmental policy, because it gives a more realistic representation of the well-being of the population than GDP, since it includes environmental and social items not considered in conventional national accounting. Furthermore, in Italy, the principle of administrative decentralization has been implemented in recent years to such an extent that the central government devolved part of its power to Regions, Provinces and Municipalities. Arguably, local authorities should therefore allocate more resources to pursue their policies towards sustainability, an issue which modern electoral campaigns are often based on. The results for the Province of Siena show that there is a large gap between local GDP and ISEW (about 37% of GDP).Local level, economic welfare, sustainability, ISEW, economic policy
Why has the energy intensity fallen in China's industrial sector in the 1990s?: the relative importance of structural change and intensity change
No full textPrivatization in Austria: Some Theoretical Reasons and First Results About the Privatization Proceeds*
No full textThe issues of privatization (and sometimes deregulation) have been reviewed in a large literature on the various aspects of privatization, that has emphasized the potential efficiency gains. Hence, the goal of this paper is twofold: First to provide some theoretical reasoning why privatization is useful as well as profitable for an economy and second to empirically present the extent of privatization in Austria and other European Union countries. Therefore, the reasons why privatization is necessary are elaborated. Then the specific pattern privatization proceeds for Austria relative to other EU and OECD countries is presented. Moreover, some important idiosyncratic extensions for the Austrian case are elaborated. We argue that in the Austrian case, any discussion of privatization cannot be reduced to observing cash flows, the employment performance and the stock-exchange ratings of the privatized formerly stateowned enterprises. Since polito-economic aspects relating to income distribution and ideology play an important role in explaining the way, the extent, the speed and the economic effects of privatization, they have to be considered as well.
Resiting genre : a study of contemporary Italian travel writing in English translation
No full textThis thesis aims to highlight the presence of a large and varied production of contemporary
Italian travel writing and to analyse the reasons for its 'invisibility' in the Italian literary
system and critical tradition. Through the use of a comparative approach to genre and of
current theories developed in the area of Translation Studies, the thesis will outline the
different status attributed to travel writing in the Anglo-American and the Italian literary
systems. Such a comparative approach allows the study to escape the narrow confines of a
perspective based on the idea of national literature and to adopt a wider view, which, in
turn, highlights the presence of phenomena otherwise easily overlooked or discarded as
insignificant.
The peculiar characteristics of travel writing, a genre mostly based on the
representation of the Other for a home audience, are also analysed in order to point out their
affinity with translation practices and, ultimately, to underline the 'double translation'
implied by translated travel writing.
The case studies which make up the remaining part of the thesis are intended to
illustrate different aspects of the genre of travel writing; to provide scope for an analysis of
its boundaries and connections with other genres (ranging from ethnography to
autobiography, from journalism to fiction, from the essay to the novel); and to illustrate the
way in which generic expectations influence both the selection of texts for translation and
the strategies adopted when translating and marketing them for a new audience.
The writings of twentieth-century Italian explorers to Tibet, and their translations
into English, constitute a significant case of adaptation of foreign texts to the needs and
expectations of a British audience (and to the British interests in the geographical area
concerned).
The works of Oriana Fallaci and their different reception in Italy with respect to the
UK and the USA illustrate the way in which personal biography and generic choices can
intersect, determining both the popular image and the critical success of an author and of
her work.
Calvino's choice to sublimate the genre of travel writing in the stylized fiction of Le
citta invisibili is treated as an example of the way in which a text which is meant to provide
an escape from a low-status genre can become an icon of that same genre once it is
translated and read in a different cultural context.
Finally, the case of Claudio Magris's Danubio and of its English-language
translation provides evidence of the complex network of literary references which marks the
reception of a text in different cultures, and of the way in which generic affiliation can both
promote the recognition of a 'marginal' text and constrain its more idiosyncratic (and
original) characteristics
Reflexões éticas sobre o estatuto da vida
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídica
Who Should Bear the Cost of China’s Carbon Emissions Embodied in Goods for Exports?
No full textChina’s capital-intensive, export-oriented, spectacular economic growth since launching its open-door policy and economic reforms in late 1978 not only has created jobs and has lifted millions of the Chinese people out of poverty, but also has given rise to unprecedented environmental pollution and CO2 emissions. While estimates of the embedded CO2 emissions in China’s trade differ, both single country studies for China and global studies show a hefty chunk of China’s CO2 emissions embedded in trade. This portion of CO2 emissions had helped to turn China into the world’s largest carbon emitter, and is further widening its gap with the second largest emitter. This raises the issue of who should be responsible for this portion of emissions and bearing the carbon cost of exports. China certainly wants importers to cover some, if not all, of those costs. While China’s stance is understandable, this paper has argued from a broad and balanced perspective that if this is pushed too far, it will not help to find solutions to this issue. On the contrary it can be to China’s disadvantage for a number of reasons. However, aligning this responsibility with China does not necessarily suggest the sole reliance on domestic actions. In that context, the paper recommends specific actions that need to be taken internationally as well as domestically in order to effectively control the embedded CO2 emissions in China’s trade.Emissions Embodied In Trade, Consumption-Based Accounting, Production-Based Accounting, Processing Trade; Carbon Tariffs, Energy Policy
