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The green mummy of Bologna: FTIR spectroscopy offers new insight into the mummification process
No full textThe object of this study is the so-called “green mummy” of Bologna, a naturally mummified body that was found in the basement of an ancient mansion in Bologna in the twenties of last century. The hard and soft tissues of the body are green for the most. They were analyzed by means FTIR spectroscopy with the aim to gain information about the biochemical degradation process, to explain both the origin and the nature of the green color and to understand how it affected the body’s preservation
Analisi dei tessuti cutaneo e osseo delle mummie di Roccapelago mediante spettrofotometria infrarossa a trasformata di Fourier
No full textTestimoni straordinari di un’epoca, di tradizioni, di pratiche agricole e abitudini alimentari, di costumi e di culti, le Mummie di Roccapelago sono state rinvenute durante i lavori di restauro della Chiesa parrocchiale della Conversione di S. Paolo di Roccapelago. Fin dalla loro scoperta, nel 2009, esse hanno destato l’interesse non solo di archeologi e antropologi ma anche di scienziati, che le hanno studiate ed analizzate sotto molteplici aspetti. In particolare, lo studio dei tessuti biologici mummificati è stato oggetto di interesse per biologi e fisici che li hanno esaminati applicando ad essi sofisticate tecniche di indagine rivolte all’analisi di due delle principali categorie delle macromolecole del corpo umano, gli acidi nucleici e le proteine. Le proteine, in particolare, rappresentano le biomolecole che possono fornire il maggior numero di informazioni bio-antropologiche, grazie alla loro resistenza strutturale nel tempo, maggiore di quella del materiale genetico1. La ricerca proteomica in ambito bioarcheologico ha concentrato l’attenzione sulla struttura e la conformazione delle proteine degli antichi tessuti biologici, soprattutto del collagene, il principale componente proteico della pelle e delle ossa, al fine di determinarne le modificazioni subite in conseguenza dei processi di trasformazione durante il processo di mummificazione. La struttura del collagene rappresenta non solo un eccellente marker per valutare l’integrità dei tessuti post-mortem ma può anche essere correlata, in modo più generale, con la dieta, le patologie, la geografia e gli stili di vita degli individui cui appartiene. La ricerca in questo campo ha pertanto un duplice scopo. Il primo è l’identificazione dei meccanismi di alterazione strutturale delle biomolecole e la loro descrizione biochimica, così da consentire di ipotizzare
quali siano state le condizioni che hanno favorito la conservazione dei corpi, evitandone la consunzione, e in che modo. L’altro ha un risvolto più orientato alla esposizione museale di questi preziosi reperti ed è finalizzato alla caratterizzazione attuale dello stato di conservazione dei tessuti, alla valutazione del degrado biomolecolare degli stessi e al monitoraggio della possibile progressione del danno nel tempo
Locked in a copper box? The mysterious story of the “green mummy” of Bologna
No full textA naturally mummified body was found in the basement of an
ancient mansion in Bologna in the early twentieth century. The
remain is currently stored in the museum Centre of the
Forensic Medicine section of the University of Bologna. The
skeletal and soft tissues of the fortuitous recovery are all green
colored but a leg. The remains were therefore identified as the
“green mummy”. The “green mummy” is the body of a teenager
(11 -14) as gathered from both the ossification and the teeth
(fig. 1A-B). The the body posture, displaying the neck bent
ahead on the chest and the legs folded back, suggested hints
to hypothesize that the body could have been pushed and
pressed in a copper box or urn
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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