4,325 research outputs found
Lifestyle and its Potential to Preserve Cognitive Function and Reduce the Risk of Dementia
No full textThe annual Alzheimer’s Association International Conference (AAIC) took place in London, UK in July 2017. In an expert interview, the Alzheimer’s Association’s very own Maria Carrillo, Chief Science Officer, Medical and Scientific Relations, shares her perspectives on one of the key themes of the meeting—lifestyle and its potential to reduce the risk of developing dementia.</p
A selective view of climatological data and likelihood estimation
No full textThis article gives a narrative overview of what constitutes climatological data and their typical features, with a focus on aspects relevant to statistical modeling. We restrict the discussion to univariate spatial fields and focus on maximum likelihood estimation. To address the problem of enormous datasets, we study three common approximation schemes: tapering, direct misspecification, and composite likelihood for Gaussian and nonGaussian distributions. We focus particularly on the so-called 'sinh-arcsinh distribution', obtained through a specific transformation of the Gaussian distribution. Because it has flexible marginal distributions - possibly skewed and/or heavy-tailed - it has a wide range of applications. One appealing property of the transformation involved is the existence of an explicit inverse transformation that makes likelihood-based methods straightforward. We describe a simulation study illustrating the effects of the different approximation schemes. To the best of our knowledge, a direct comparison of tapering, direct misspecification, and composite likelihood has never been made previously, and we show that direct misspecification is inferior. In some metrics, composite likelihood has a minor advantage over tapering. We use the estimation approaches to model a high-resolution global climate change field. All simulation code is available as a Docker container and is thus fully reproducible. Additionally, the present article describes where and how to get various climate datasets. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND licens
Do carater vingativo da pena
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciencias JuridicasPropusemo-nos, na presente dissertação, fazer um estudo das etapas experimentais da pena, procurando sustentar para além das justificativas que lhe são dadas historicamente, que o castigo conserva o caráter marcantemente vingativo. Para tanto, valemo-nos do método histórico-comparativo, empregando uma metodologia baseada na pesquisa bibliográfica interdisciplinar, com a utilização de um instrumental teórico que trouxesse contribuição de outros sítios do saber, voltados genericamente a demostrar que a pena não evolui, em que pese a indumentária de que se tem revestido no curso da história. Dividimos o trabalho em cinco capítulos, acrescidos de breves conclusões. Constitui o primeiro capítulo, um enfoque histórico sobre a pena: onde fazemos uma abordagem das fases experimentadas pelo castigo, observando que da sua origem, surgida como vingança divina, foi se racionalizando até chegar à etapa da vingança jurídica, passando pelo político, sem contudo perder a religiosidade. O segundo residiu no estudo das teses retribucionistas e utilitárias, principais teorias erigidas sobre os fundamentos e finalidades do castigo, ocasião em que observamos continuar a pena a ser uma expiação do passado. Traduziu, o terceiro capítulo, uma abordagem política e filosófica, nas teorias contratualistas, em que julgamos haver demonstrado que a legitimidade do poder de punir reside na sociedade. No quarto, foi feita uma leitura da aplicação da pena pela instituição criminal, efetuada por nós para demonstrar, que o ritual, consiste num cortejo de formalidade que se passa no poder judiciário, reproduz a vingança social exercida de forma mais limitada, tendo o discurso jurídico papel legitimador da pena. Sintetizamos, no quinto capítulo, o momento de pontificar primacialmente que não há diferença entre a pena de antigamente e a pena de hoje, não se podendo falar em uma evolução do castigo. Em conclusões, salientou-se as teses centrais formadas ao longo da dissertação, encontradas mais especificamente no quinto capítulo, sintetizadas nas seguintes: não acreditamos tenha havido uma evolução da pena; o talionato continua atual; a legítima defesa permanece; a vingança continua através de uma luta ritualizada; a pena conserva o seu caráter essencialmente vingativo
The reuse of cultural heritage as an opportunity for urban regeneration
No full textCultural heritage represents a strategic resource for the social and the economic development of territories. Today, the pressures facing urban areas require new approaches and tools for managing change, combining the objectives of cultural heritage conservation with those of socio-economic development. This paper deals with the theme of the reuse of contemporary relevant architecture, in which the choice of the new use and the design solutions are guided by the objective of generating opportunities for regeneration and enhancement of the historic urban landscape. The case study is an eclectic style building, called ''Il Capricho'', on the island of Ischia (Naples), built at the end of 50s and abandoned at the beginning of this century. Multidisciplinary research develops a methodological path that, starting from the construction of a shared urban regeneration scenario, develops a project of re-use of the building, aimed - on one hand - to enhance its performance and its identity - on the other - to interpret the need to improve the environmental, social and economic conditions of the urban context
Finite speed of propagation in porous media by mass transportation methods
No full textAbstract In this note we make use of mass transportation techniques to give a simple proof of the finite speed of propagation of the solution to the one-dimensional porous medium equation. The result follows by showing that the difference of support of any two solutions corresponding to different compactly supported initial data is a bounded in time function of a suitable Monge-Kantorovich related metric. To cite this article: J. A. Carrillo, M. P. Gualdani, G. Toscani, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 336 (2003). Résumé Dans cette note nous utilisons des techniques de transport de masse pour donner une preuveélémentaire de la finitude de la vitesse de propagation des solutions de l'équation mono-dimensionnelle des milieux poreux. Le résultat repose sur la preuve de la propriété suivante : la différence du support entre deux solutions quelconques correspondantà des données initialesà support compact différentes est une fonction, bornée en temps, d'une métrique de Monge-Kantorovitch appropriée. Pour citer cet article : J. A. Carrillo, M. P Gualdani, G. Toscani, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 336 (2003)
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Framework for effective collaborative working in construction
No full textThe potential benefits of collaborative working in construction projects have yet to be fully realised in the sector. This is in part due to the misunderstanding of the use of the information and communication technologies (ICT) and tools associated with working collaboratively. There are, however, isolated pockets of experts that have realised that in order to fully embrace the potential of collaborative working in their businesses, the role of ICT has to be closely aligned with the people that use it, and should relate to the overall goals of the business. The aim of the Planning and Implementation of Effective Collaboration in Construction (PIECC) project is to develop a decision-making framework that enables organisations to fully integrate ICT and its associated people and business issues into their projects and individual businesses. This paper reports on the development processes used to develop the framework, and its evaluation and testing within the UK construction sector. The paper presents the different processes that should be followed to develop a joint collaboration strategy, and the results and implications of using the PIECC framework to manage collaborative working
The worldwide Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative: an update
No full textThe Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), launched in 2004, has worked to accelerate drug development by validating imaging and blood/cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease clinical treatment trials. ADNI is a naturalistic (nontreatment) multisite longitudinal study. A true public-private partnership, the initiative has set a new standard for data sharing without embargo and for the use of biomarkers in dementia research. The ADNI effort in North America is not the only such effort in the world. The Alzheimer's Association recognized these global efforts and formed Worldwide ADNI (WW-ADNI). By creating a platform for international collaboration and cooperation, WW-ADNI's goals are to harmonize projects and results across geographical regions and to facilitate data management and availability to investigators around the world. WW-ADNI projects include those based in North America, Europe, Japan, Australia, Korea, and Argentina.Fil: Hendrix, James A.. Alzheimer's Association; Estados UnidosFil: Finger, Brad.Fil: Weiner, Michael W.. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Frisoni, Giovanni B.. Universidad de Ginebra; SuizaFil: Iwatsubo, Takeshi. University Hospital of Tokyo. Graduate School of Medicine. Department of Neuropathology; JapónFil: Rowe, Christopher C.. Austin Health. Department of Molecular Imaging; AustraliaFil: Kim, Seong Yoon. Asian Medical Center. Department of Psychiatry; Corea del SurFil: Guinjoan, Salvador Martín. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Sevlever, Gustavo. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; ArgentinaFil: Carrillo, Maria Cristina. Alzheimer's Association; Estados Unido
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