26 research outputs found
Philosophy of Tadeusz Garbowski
No full textThe period between the two World Wars was very fruitful for Polish philosophy. The best known intellectual formation of that time was the Lvov–Warsaw School of Logic. At the time, when members of that school philosophized in the context of logic and mathematics, there was a group of thinkers in Cracow, who attempted at creating a philosophy of nature. Unfortunately, because of the outbreak of the Second World War, they have never produced any philosophical school. One of the first of Cracow philosophers of nature was the biologist, Tadeusz Garbowski. He died in 1939 in Sachsenhausen concentration camp, leaving several philosophical papers which focus mostly on the theory of evolution. In the present paper, the author critically reviews his analyses. A lot of his ideas, e.g., the one called by the author the 'evolutionary epistemology', can be found in works of later thinkers, for instance in the works of Konrad Lorenz. Although it is doubtful that they actually knew Garbowski's papers, it still seems to be worthwhile to notice this historical fact
Pests or “Guerilla-fighters” of Cyberspace? An Attempt at a Typology of Internet Trolls
No full textArtykuł ma na celu przedstawienie propozycji kryteriów podziału poszczególnych
rodzajów użytkowników internetu zwanych potocznie oraz w literaturze fachowej
„internetowymi trollami”. Zawiera odniesienia do istniejących w polskim
obiegu naukowym publikacji, jak również poszerza zakres terminu, który odnosi
się przede wszystkim do prowokatorów obecnych w przestrzeni mediów społecznościowych,
ale także do hejterów, atencjuszy, czy spammerów. Autor porównuje
działania trolli internetowych do partyzantki, która wykorzystując niekonwencjonalne
metody walki przeciwstawia się, bądź konkuruje z odgórnie zorganizowanymi
strukturami oraz narzuconymi autorytetami.This article contains a proposal of criteria for the distinguishing various types of
internet users described colloquially as “internet trolls”. It not only includes references
to existing Polish academic publications but also broadens the scope of the
term, which relates mostly to provocatively acting persons within the realm of
social media and to haters, attention-seekers or spammers. The author compares
the activities of internet trolls to those of guerrilla-fighters who, with the aid of
non-conventional methods, either combat or compete with the established organized
structures or authorities imposed by them.Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00
Determination of material and structural properties of corrugated board in manufacturing and processing
No full textVitalistic Personalism as a Possible Solution for Transhumanist Conundrums
No full textThe text explores the complex issues surrounding Autonomous AI (Artificial General Intelligence) and the potential threats they pose to humanity. It highlights the vagueness in defining what it means to be human in the context of AI and suggests that mainstream transhumanist thinkers often lack clear definitions of personhood. The central concern is that as AI gains autonomy, it may make decisions that do not align with human values and pose existential risks. To address this challenge, the text proposes a concept called "vitalistic personalism." This framework emphasizes defining a person based on the criterion of "life." It suggests that any entity with the attribute of life, should be considered a person with fundamental rights, primarily inviolability. This approach aims to safeguard against the potential harm that highly autonomous AI could inflict on humanity, ensuring its actions align with human values. The text acknowledges potential objections, such as its human-centric perspective and potential implications of encounters with extraterrestrial life forms. Nevertheless, it argues that vitalistic personalism is a practical and operational framework that addresses the legal and moral aspects of AI personhood, ultimately aiming to protect both humans and non-human life forms from technological existential risks
What is “Naturalized Epistemology”?
No full textJaegwon Kim w swoim artykule dokonuje krytycznej analizy „Epistemologii znaturalizowanej” W.V. Quine’a. Stwierdza, że uprawianie epistemologii przy odrzuceniu aspektu normatywnego jest niemożliwe, gdyż zostaje ona zredukowana wyłącznie do opisu procesów psychologicznych odpowiadających czynności poznania. Aby w ogóle móc mówić o uzyskiwaniu niepowątpiewalnej wiedzy, konieczne jest zastosowanie takich kategorii, jak uzasadnianie, które posiadają charakter wartościujący. Kim uważa, że koncepcja Quine’a jest trudna do zaakceptowania w świetle jakiejkolwiek teorii epistemicznej, stawiającej poznanie prawdy za swój cel.Jaegwon Kim in his article undertakes a critical analysis of W.V. Quine’s “Epistemology Naturalized.” He states that it is impossible to practice epistemology without taking into consideration the normative aspect, for without it, it becomes reduced to merely a psychological description of cognitive processes. In order to speak of the acquisition of undoubtable knowledge, it is necessary to avert to such categories as justification, which are of an axiological nature. Kim considers Quine’s concept difficult to accept in accordance with any epistemic theory which requires truth as the object of knowledge
Book Review: Anna Niedźwiedź and Kaja Kajder, eds., Mapy miasta: Dziedzictwa i sacrum w przestrzeni Krakowa / Maps of the City: Heritages and the Sacred within Kraków’s Cityscape.
No full textThe book Maps of the City is the result of an exhibition at The Seweryn Udziela Ethnographic Museum in Kraków that was held between November 2017 and February 2018. As the subtitle makes clear, the exhibition focused on the place of heritage and the sacred within Kraków’s cityscape, together with the relationship between the two, both for the city’s residents and visitors. The latter group includes pilgrims. The curator of the exhibition was Anna Niedźwiedź, a cultural anthropologist at Jagiellonian University and author of The Image and the Figure: Our Lady of Częstochowa in Polish Culture and Popular Religion (2010). She is also one of the editors of the book. This richly illustrated volume is no mere catalogue of a museum exhibition. The editors, together with their team of anthropologists, have written essays based on original research that forms the basis of the exhibition and the chapters of the book. What we have in the end is a book that is both for the broader reading public and the scholar, and due to its bilingual form, both for Polish and English readers
The War in Ukraine and Political Theology in Poland
No full textIn the broadest of terms, political theology can be defined as “the analysis of political arrangements (including cultural-psychological, social, and economic aspects) from the perspective of God’s ways with the world.”1 Since the world changes, as do the politics accompanying them, political theology is of necessity a dynamic branch of the theological enterprise. The editors to the second edition of The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Political Theology note a number of such changes that justify the expanded second edition of their handbook, including—what is most pertinent for understanding political theology at present in Poland—“the discourse on religion and violence, and new modalities of war.”2 A substantive chapter in this vein, by Emmanuel Katongole, starts with a news item concerning civil war in Ivory Coast in 2011. The author follows this sample news stressing the problems of “power struggle, corruption, sham elections, and civil war that characterize politics of much of sub-Saharan Africa.”3 Political theology is not new to Poland, but obviously the full- scale invasion by Russia of the neighboring Ukraine on February 24, 2022, together with the accompanying atrocities has had a similar impact in the field in the country to that of a number of the authors in the handbook. This article will provide an introductory view of a significant part of this ongoing response in the country
The Catholic Imagination in Martin Scorsese\u27s The Last Waltz
No full textThe author examines Martin Scorsese\u27s rockumentary The Last Waltz of 1978 as an encounter between the communitarian focus of the Catholic imagination (cf. Greeley Catholic Imagination) and the more individualistic ethos dominant in contemporary society (cf. Taylor Ethics of Authenticity). He claims the encounter not only shapes Scorsese\u27s fiction films but also exhibit\u27s his notion of the filmmaker\u27s mission. The subject matter of the film lends itself to this examination because a rock band balances between the individuality of its performers and the communality of its form. Moreover, overt religious values and themes of the film are explored in relation to the above questions
Perceived parental attitudes of the father and the school achievements of adolescents
No full textBackground
This article focuses on the relationship between parental attitudes of the father perceived by adolescents and their school achievements. Nowadays, interest in the role of the father in raising a child is growing. The influence of the students’ family environment in shaping their school achievement is very important.
Participants and procedure
The study group consisted of 687 pupils, including 418 (60.8%) girls and 267 (39.2%) boys. Fathers’ attitudes were examined with the Parental Attitudes Scale version of “My Father”. In order to establish the relationship between the father’s parental attitudes perceived by teenagers and grade point average (GPA), Pearson’s r correlation coefficient values were calculated. In the next step the role of gender as a moderator of these relationships was evaluated.
Results
The results of the conducted research show that the acceptance and autonomy attitudes positively correlate with the average grade from last year, while the requirements and inconsistency attitudes showed negative correlations with school achievements. The results indicated that gender moderated the relationship between perceived acceptance, autonomy, protectiveness and GPA.
Conclusions
It was found that an increase in the level of the father’s perceived acceptance and autonomy leads to a higher average grade than the previous year, although only among girls. The level of protectiveness was found to be a negative predictor of school achievements, although only among boys.Background
This article focuses on the relationship between parental attitudes of the father perceived by adolescents and their school achievements. Nowadays, interest in the role of the father in raising a child is growing. The influence of the students’ family environment in shaping their school achievement is very important.
Participants and procedure
The study group consisted of 687 pupils, including 418 (60.8%) girls and 267 (39.2%) boys. Fathers’ attitudes were examined with the Parental Attitudes Scale version of “My Father”. In order to establish the relationship between the father’s parental attitudes perceived by teenagers and grade point average (GPA), Pearson’s r correlation coefficient values were calculated. In the next step the role of gender as a moderator of these relationships was evaluated.
Results
The results of the conducted research show that the acceptance and autonomy attitudes positively correlate with the average grade from last year, while the requirements and inconsistency attitudes showed negative correlations with school achievements. The results indicated that gender moderated the relationship between perceived acceptance, autonomy, protectiveness and GPA.
Conclusions
It was found that an increase in the level of the father’s perceived acceptance and autonomy leads to a higher average grade than the previous year, although only among girls. The level of protectiveness was found to be a negative predictor of school achievements, although only among boys
The Role and Meaning of the Catholic University of Lublin for Foreign Students
No full textAutor przybył na KUL z Kanady w 1983 r. na roczny kurs języka i kultury polskiej, a następnie został, aby ukończyć studia historyczne na tej uczelni. Z pozycji świadka stara się przedstawić znaczenie, jakie uczelnia mogła mieć dla różnych studentów zagranicznych w latach 80. ubiegłego stulecia. Studentów tych można podzielić na dwie zasadnicze grupy: uczestników kursów letnich (organizowanych od 1974 r.) oraz – kursów rocznych języka i kultury polskiej (od 1976/77 r.). Byli także regularni studenci studiów dziennych, których stopień doświadczenia tego miejsca – ze względu na dłuższy okres pobytu – był znacznie głębszy od tych tymczasowych, a także KUL miał dla nich większe znaczenie. Doceniali antykomunistyczne oblicze uczelni, jej związki z Janem Pawłem II oraz fakt, że dyplomy KUL-u uznawano za granicą.The author came to the Catholic University of Lublin from Canada in 1983 to participate in the year long Polish language and culture program and stayed on to complete his M.A. studies in history. He attempts to present, primarily from the perspective of a witness, what meaning the university had for foreign students in the 1980s. These students can be divided into two main groups: those who came to the summer school (organized since 1974) and those who came for the year long language and culture programs (initiated in 1976). There were also some students participating in the regular course of studies at the university. Because of their lengthier stay they had a greater understanding of the Catholic University of Lublin and it had a deeper meaning for them. These students appreciated the anti-communist nature of the Catholic University of Lublin, its connection with John Paul II, as well as the fact that its degrees were recognized abroad
