2,643 research outputs found
Design and synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds as CB2 Selective Agoists
No full textCannabinoids are present in Indian hemp, Cannabis sativa L., and have been used since antiquity as medicinal agents(1). Interest in cannabinoid pharmacology has rapidly increased since the discovery of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which includes cannabinoid receptors, the endocannabinoids (anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol), metabolizing enzymes (fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoglyceride lipase), and aspecific cellular uptake system (the anandamide transporterprotein).
Cannabinoids exhibit a complex array of pharmacological effects that are generally considered to be mediated through at least two G-protein- coupled (GPCR) seven-transmembrane receptors. One of these receptors, designated CB1, is found principally in the central nervous system but it is also present in some peripheral organs. The CB2 receptor was originally identified from macrophages present in the spleen, and it is expressed primarily in the cells associated with the immune system, like spleen, thymus, and tonsils. The physiological and putative therapeutic potential of the CB2 receptor largely remains unexplored; however, recent data indicate that CB2 cannabinoid receptors participate in the control of peripheral pain, inflammation, osteoporosis, growth of malignant gliomas, tumors of immune origin, and immunological disorders such as multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, CB2 agents could be exploited for prevention of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, given of the presence of the CB2 receptor in the brain microglial cells,(2) and may be the basis for developing new drugs for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.(3) Because of the virtually exclusive peripheral expression of CB2, selective CB2 ligands should be devoid of the undesired central nervous system effects typical of (-)-trans-?9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the major psychoactive component of Cannabis sativa L.
In a previous work the binding results of a series of 1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-on-3-carboxamide derivatives(4) was reported. Furthermore, recently the three-dimensional models of the CB1 and CB2 receptors by means of a molecular modeling producer was constructed, and a series of CB2 ligands were, docked into both receptors, showing that the CB2 model was reliable and predictive.(5)
In this work, basing on the docking results, , I designed and synthesized new 7-methyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-on-3-carboxamide derivatives, analogues derivatives in which the methyl group was removed or substituted with a chlorine atom, fluorine atom, metoxy group and dimethylamino group and new quinolin-4(1H)-on-3-carboxamide derivatives.
The studies of automated docking have showed that all the 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives tested could form an intramolecular H bond between the carbonylic oxygen and the amidic NH, creating a pseudocycle planar with the naphthyridine ring, and our studies suggested that this interaction was quite strong.(5)
To verify the hypothesis of the formation of a planar pseudocycle interaction inside the CB, I synthesized to tested some new compounds characterized by:
• the presence of a hydroxy group in position 4 of the naphthyridine nucleus, instead of the carbonyl oxygen atom, and by partial removal of the aromaticity of the cycle.
• closing of the O in position 4 with the amidic NH in a cycle to five atoms, to mime the pseudocycle planar of the energetic form more stable.
• shifting from position 3 to position 2 of the heterocyclic nucleus, of the carboxamide group.
Successful I synthesized new 1,8-naphthrydine characterized by the presence of a carbonilic group in position 2, to verify if this shift could be create a new interaction of binding site receptor. New 1,8-naphthrydine and quinoline derivatives characterized by the presence of a carbonilic group in positions 4 and 2, and finally to verify the importance of the presence of both aromatic rings in the central lipophilic bicyclic core, I have synthesized the pyridin compounds.
(1) Dewick, P. M. Medicinal Natural Products. A Biosynthetic Approach, 2nd ed.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 2002; pp 86-89.
(2) Stella, N. Cannabinoid signaling in glial cells. Glia 2004, 48, 267-277.
(3) Kim, K.; Moore, D.H.; Markriyannis, A.; Abood, M.E.. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006, 542,100.
(4) Ferrarini, P. L.; Calderone, V.; Cavallini, T.; Manera, C.; Saccomanni, G.; Pani, L.; Ruiu, S.; Gessa, G. L .. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2004, 12, 1921-1933.
(5) Tuccinardi, T.; Ferrarini, P. L.; Manera, C.; Ortore, G.; Saccomanni, G.; Martinelli, A. . J. Med. Chem. 2006, 49, 984-994
Consideration of Interference Correlation Properties in a JD-CDMA Mobile Radio System with Coherent Receiver Antenna Diversity
No full textIn code division multiple access (CDMA) mobile radio systems, both intersymbol interference and multiple access interference arise which can be combatted by using Joint Detection (JD) techniques, to reduce the degradation in performance resulting from time variance, coherent receiver antenna diversity (CRAD) can be used. The application of JD techniques offers the possibility to exploit the knowledge of noise covariances at the receiver. If only intercell (cochannel) interference is considered, the noise covariances in the uplink receiver of a multiple receiver antenna CDMA mobile radio system depend mainly on the directions of arrival (DOAs) of the interfering signals and the receiver antenna placement. Therefore, if the interferer DOAs are known at the base station, these covariances could be estimated. In this thesis, a realistic model of the uplink of a JD CDMA mobile radio system with CRAD is described in which the above mentioned interference cancelling method is used. Simulation results according to this model are given and evaluated.Applied SciencesElectrical EngineeringTelecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Grou
Dairy farmers’ perceptions toward the implementation of on-farm Johne’s disease prevention and control strategies
No full textmplementation of specific management strategies on dairy farms is currently the most effective way to reduce the prevalence of Johne’s disease (JD), an infectious chronic enteritis of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). However, dairy farmers often fail to implement recommended strategies. The objective of this study was to assess perceptions of farmers participating in a JD prevention and control program toward recommended practices, and explore factors that influence whether or not a farmer adopts risk-reducing measures for MAP transmission. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 dairy farmers enrolled in a voluntary JD control program in Alberta, Canada. Principles of classical grounded theory were used for participant selection, interviewing, and data analysis. Additionally, demographic data and MAP infection status were collected and analyzed using quantitative questionnaires and the JD control program database. Farmers’ perceptions were distinguished according to 2 main categories: first, their belief in the importance of JD, and second, their belief in recommended JD prevention and control strategies. Based on these categories, farmers were classified into 4 groups: proactivists, disillusionists, deniers, and unconcerned. The first 2 groups believed in the importance of JD, and proactivists and unconcerned believed in proposed JD prevention and control measures. Groups that regarded JD as important had better knowledge about best strategies to reduce MAP transmission and had more JD risk assessments conducted on their farm. Although not quantified, it also appeared that these groups had more JD prevention and control practices in place. However, often JD was not perceived as a problem in the herd and generally farmers did not regard JD control as a “hot topic” in communications with their herd veterinarian and other farmers. Recommendations regarding how to communicate with farmers and motivate various groups of farmers according to their specific perceptions were provided to optimize adoption of JD prevention and control measures and thereby increase success of voluntary JD control programs
Análisis comparado de Sprinter Megacentros del Deporte, S.L y JD Spain Soprts Fashion 2010, S.L.
No full textEl presente trabajo de fin de grado tiene como principal objetivo analizar de manera comparativa la situación de dos empresas, SPRINTER MEGACENTROS DEL DEPORTE SL y JD SPAIN SPORTS FASHION 2010 SL, a cuatro niveles: estructural, financiero, económico y de rentabilidad para los ejercicios 2015-2019 mediante sus cuentas anuales para obtener como resultado que ambas son viables.
Para ello se realiza una descripción tanto del sector deportivo, al que pertenecen junto con un análisis DAFO y de su entorno competitivo. Además, también se describen ambas empresas, que pertenecen al mismo grupo empresarial JD Group, se realiza una descripción tanto del grupo empresarial como de las empresas estudiadas, adicionando también un análisis DAFO de ellas.
Como conclusión más relevante es posible afirma que JD Sports obtiene unos datos más deseables que Sprinter.The aim of this end-of-degree project is to analyze in a comparative manner the situation of two companies, SPRINTER MEGACENTROS DEL DEPORTE SL and JD SPAIN SPORTS FASHION 2010 SL, at four levels: structural, financial, economic and profitability for the years 2015 -2019 through its annual accounts to obtain as a result that both are viable.
For this, a description is made of the sports sector to which they belong together with a DAFO analysis and their competitive environment. In addition, also describe both business, which belong to the same business group JD Group. A description is made of both, the business group and the business studied, also adding a DAFO analysis of them.
The most relevant conclusion is that JD Sports obtains more desirable results than Sprinter
Marketing de producto y su incidencia en la fidelización de clientes: emprendimiento JD PRINT, Manta.
No full textLa presente investigación tiene como propósito determinar de que manera el marketing de producto incide
en la fidelización de los clientes en el emprendimiento JD Print en Manta. Mediante un enfoque cuantitativo, se realiza la recolección de información teórica sobre antecedentes y temas relacionados de esta investigación. Posteriormente
se realizó encuestas a una muestra de 169 personas que conforman la base de datos de clientes del emprendimiento, las preguntas desarrolladas empleando la escala de Likert fueron elaboradas para recopilar información sobre temas relacionados a las variables que conforman el marketing de producto y la fidelización de clientes.The purpose of this research is to determine how product marketing affects customer loyalty in the JD Print
enterprise in Manta. Through a quantitative approach, the collection of theoretical information on background and related topics of this research was carried out. Subsequently, surveys were conducted to a sample of 169 people who make up the database of customers of the venture, the questions developed using the Likert scale were developed to gather information on issues related to the variables that make up the product marketing and customer loyalty. The data analysis was carried out through the IBM SPPS version-25 system, making use of the Rho Spearman coefficient where approximate results were obtained between 0.780 - 0.990, which indicates a highly positive relationship between product marketing and customer loyalty in the JD Print enterprise
Knowledge gaps that hamper prevention and control of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection
No full textIn the last decades, many regional and country‐wide control programmes for Johne's disease (JD ) were developed due to associated economic losses, or because of a possible association with Crohn's disease. These control programmes were often not successful, partly because management protocols were not followed, including the introduction of infected replacement cattle, because tests to identify infected animals were unreliable, and uptake by farmers was not high enough because of a perceived low return on investment. In the absence of a cure or effective commercial vaccines, control of JD is currently primarily based on herd management strategies to avoid infection of cattle and restrict within‐farm and farm‐to‐farm transmission. Although JD control programmes have been implemented in most developed countries, lessons learned from JD prevention and control programmes are underreported. Also, JD control programmes are typically evaluated in a limited number of herds and the duration of the study is less than 5 year, making it difficult to adequately assess the efficacy of control programmes. In this manuscript, we identify the most important gaps in knowledge hampering JD prevention and control programmes, including vaccination and diagnostics. Secondly, we discuss directions that research should take to address those knowledge gaps
Evaluation of an alternative method of herd classification for infection with paratuberculosis in cattle herds in the United States
No full textObjective - To develop a better system for classification of herd infection status for paratuberculosis (Johne's disease JD]) in US cattle herds on the basis of the risk of potential transmission of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratubeculosis. Sample - Simulated data for herd size and within-herd prevalence; sensitivity and specificity for test methods obtained from consensus-based estimates. Procedures - Interrelationships among variables influencing interpretation and classification of herd infection status for JD were evaluated by use of simulated data for various herd sizes, true within-herd prevalences, and sampling and testing methods. The probability of finding ≥1 infected animal in herds was estimated for various testing methods and sample sizes by use of hypergeometric random sampling. Results - 2 main components were required for the new herd JD classification system: the probability of detection of infection determined on the basis of test results from a sample of animals and the maximum detected number of animals with positive test results. Tables were constructed of the estimated probability of detection of infection, and the maximum number of cattle with positive test results or fecal pools with positive culture results with 95% confidence for classification of herd JD infection status were plotted. Herd risk for JD was categorized on the basis of 95% confidence that the true within-herd prevalence was ≤15%, ≤10%, ≤5%, or ≤2%. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance - Analysis of the findings indicated that a scientifically rigorous and transparent herd classification system for JD in cattle is feasible.Source type: Electronic(1
Factors associated with participation of Alberta dairy farmers in a voluntary, management-based Johne’s disease control program
No full textThe Alberta Johne's Disease Initiative (AJDI) is a voluntary, management-based prevention and control program for Johne's disease (JD), a wasting disease in ruminants that causes substantial economic losses to the cattle industry. Despite extensive communication about the program's benefits and low cost to participating producers, approximately 35% of Alberta dairy farmers have not enrolled in the AJDI. Therefore, the objective was to identify differences between AJDI nonparticipants and participants that may influence enrollment. Standardized questionnaires were conducted in person on 163 farms not participating and 61 farms participating in the AJDI. Data collected included demographic characteristics, internal factors (e.g., attitudes and beliefs of the farmer toward JD and the AJDI), external factors (e.g., farmers' JD knowledge and on-farm goals and constraints), as well as farmers' use and influence of various information sources. Nonparticipants and participants differed in at least some aspects of all studied categories. Based on logistic regression, participating farms had larger herds, higher self-assessed knowledge of JD, better understanding of AJDI details before participation, and used their veterinarian more often to get information about new management practices and technologies when compared with nonparticipants. In contrast, nonparticipants indicated that time was a major on-farm constraint and that participation in the AJDI would take too much time. They also indicated that they preferred to wait and see how the program worked on other farms before they participated
Identificación de glosas en la IPS SOLIMED JD S.A.S, durante el primer semestre del año 2021 y recomendaciones para su mejoramiento.
No full textLas glosas aplicadas a la facturación se consideran como una actividad que modifican y/o alteran
directamente las finanzas de la entidad prestadora de servicios de salud. Por tal razón, la presente
investigación se respaldó en la identificación de las principales causas de glosas por facturación en la IPS
Solimed Jd S.A.S., para consecutivamente diseñar un plan de mejoramiento de acuerdo con los resultados
establecidos. Logrando de esta manera, caracterizar e identificar las causas, comportamientos,
afectaciones y procesos de gestión de las glosas, llevado a cabo bajo el estudio de caso correlacional, el
cual permitió medir en forma conjunta las variables objeto de estudio. Mediante un análisis de Pareto, se
logró identificar que las tres principales glosas generadas son por conceptos; tarifas, facturación y
autorizaciones, las cuales generan el 93.60 por ciento de ocurrencia de glosas. De esta manera, se
estableció una serie de estrategias con el objetivo de ajustar los procedimientos administrativos dando
corrección a los errores cometidos por el personal encargado de facturación, optimizando la liquidez,
productividad y viabilidad financiera de la IPS Solimed Jd SAS.The glosses applied to billing are considered as an activity that directly modifies and/or alters the
finances of the health services provider. For this reason, the present investigation was based on the
identification of the main causes of the billing glosses in the IPS Solimed Jd S.A.S., in order to consequently
design an improvement plan according to the established results. In this way, characterizing and
identifying the causes, behaviors, affectations and processes of gloss management, carried out under the
correlational case study, which allowed to measure jointly the variables under study. By means of a Pareto
analysis, it was possible to identify that the three main glosses generated are by concepts; tariffs, invoicing
and authorizations, which generate 93.60 percent of the occurrence of glosses. Thus, a series of strategies
were established with the objective of adjusting the administrative procedures to correct the errors made
by the billing personnel, optimizing the liquidity, productivity and financial viability of IPS Solimed Jd SAS.Identificación -- 2. Resumen -- 3. Abstract -- 4. Introducción -- 5. Planteamiento del problema -- 6. Formulación del problema -- 7. Sistematización del problema -- 8. Justificación -- 9. Objetivos -- 10. Objetivo general -- 11. Objetivos específicos -- 12. Metodología -- 13. Método y tipo de investigación -- 14. Población y muestra -- 15. Técnicas e instrumentos de la investigación -- 16. Operacionalización de los objetivos -- 17. Marco referencial -- 18. Estado de arte -- 19. Marco teórico -- 20. Marco geográfico -- 21. Marco legal -- 22. Marco institucional -- 23. Marco conceptual -- 24. Resultados -- 25. Conclusiones -- 26. Referencias -- 27. Apéndices000000032041763100000001920615020000000230843629leidy.caceresm@[email protected]@campusucc.edu.c
Deadly meals: The influence of personal and job factors on burnout and risky riding behaviours of food delivery motorcyclists
No full textFood delivery riders are overrepresented in road crashes. Arguably, the increased risk experienced by food delivery riders is linked to the working conditions offered by the “gig economy”. Research is needed to fully understand the safety-related issues this vulnerable group of road users face daily and identify opportunities for counter measures. In this investigation, we proposed a new theoretical model to explain the risky behaviour of food delivery motorcyclists based on the well-established Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model. Following the JD-R, we considered the impact of job demands (job aspects that require sustained effort) and job resources (job aspects that help achieve work-related goals, reduce job demands and stimulate personal development) on the risky riding behaviours of food delivery motorcyclists. The JD-R model was also extended with three constructs, including personal demands, personal resources, and perceived safety risk to explore the role of individuals' within-person aspects. The developed model was tested using data collected from 554 food delivery riders in the two biggest cities in Vietnam. The results showed that job burnout, job resources, and personal demands directly impact risky riding behaviours, in which job burnout was the most significant predictor. Constructs such as job demands, personal resources, and perceived safety risk were not significant predictors of risky riding behaviours. This research shows that organisation-level factors could be modified to prevent risky riding behaviour. The gig economy industry can do much more to improve the safety of delivery riders.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Safety and Security Scienc
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