106,285 research outputs found
Social networks, acculturation strategies and refugees' wellbeing in Italy
No full textThe literature on the refugee experience has often highlighted how the nonvoluntary nature of the migration process, the traumatic experiences and the resources loss, expose migrants to acculturative stress (Rossi & Mancini, 2016). Acculturative stress promotes attitudes of separation or marginality (Sem & Berry, 2010), which in turn contribute to generating psychological disease and poor socio-cultural adaptation. However, various studies have shown that this acculturative stress in related to several factors and, among these, also on the personal, social and contextual resources to which forced migrants can draw once they arrive in the host context (Rossi, 2018). Focusing on social resources, this study analyzed how the frequency of contacts, the cultural heterogeneity and the emotional closeness of the social network in the host country is related both to the acculturation attitudes and the to the psychological well-being of forced migrants in Italy. A semi-structured interview composed of Name generator, Acculturation Attitudes Scale and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were administered to a sample of 160 forced migrants (refugees = 111; Males = 123, Mage = 29.96). The path analysis showed that, by promoting integration, it was above all cultural heterogeneity and the emotional closeness of the social network that increased the migrants' psychological well-being
Elementi epistemologici e metodologici della ricerca psico-sociale applicata ad ambiti socio-sanitari.
No full textRCRA 2007: Experimental evaluation of algorithms for solving problems with combinatorial explosion
No full text[No abstract available
Fundamenta Informaticae: Preface
No full textAfter the enthusiasm of the fifties and early sixties, during which famous scientists predicted that
computers would soon equal the human mind, Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) researchers had to face a bitter
reality: many of the problems in A.I. have a combinatorial structure which requires the exploration of
an exponential search space. The theory of NP-completeness added further discouragement to the great
expectations of the previous decades. On the other hand, in the following years there was a plethora of
new methodologies to address combinatorial problems that were published. Despite the discouraging
complexity proofs based on worst-case analyses, practical algorithms were often able to address and
solve real problems in reasonable time.
Often, similar problems are solved with similar techniques in different branches of A.I., rediscovering the same solutions many times. Reducing this waste of energy is one of the aims of the RCRA group (Ragionamento Automatico e Rappresentazione della Conoscenza), the interest group of
the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence (AI*IA) on knowledge representation and automated
reasoning, which organises its annual meetings since 1994. Since the 2005 edition it has focussed on
the theme of algorithms in A.I., proposing benchmarks to compare them and evaluating the efficiency
through experimental evaluation. These meetings have reached the objective to put together researchers
coming from A.I. fields as diverse as constraint satisfaction, machine learning, logic languages, quanti-
fied satisfiability, and planning, just to name a few. The event has gained more and more interest, first
from the Italian community, then from the international one. In 2008 the workshop was co-located with
the International Conference on Logic Programming and repeated the success of the previous years.
This special issue proposes extended versions of a selection of the papers presented at RCRA 2008.
The authors of the 18 papers selected for presentation at the workshop had the opportunity to submit
to this issue and 8 were selected for publication
Entanglement in the 1D extended anisotropic Heisenberg model
No full textWe present a study of entanglement in the case of the 1D extended anisotropic Heisenberg model. We investigate two quantum phase transitions (QPTs) within the previously found ergodicity phase diagram [E. Plekhanov, A. Avella, F. Mancini, Phys. Rev. B 74 (2006) 115120]. Our calculations are done by means of the numerically exact Lanczos method at T = 0, followed by a finite-size scaling. As a measure of entanglement we use the concurrence for two spins out of the system. We conclude from our studies that these QPTs are accompanied by a qualitative entanglement change. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
The charge and spin sectors of the t-t′ Hubbard model
No full textThe charge and spin sectors, which are intimately coupled to the fermionic one, of the t-t′ Hubbard model have been computed self-consistently within the two-pole approximation. The relevant unknown correlators appearing in the causal bosonic propagators have been computed by enforcing the constraints dictated by the hydrodynamics and the algebra of the composite operators coming into play. The proposed scheme of approximation extends previous calculations made for the fermionic sector of the t-t′ Hubbard model and the bosonic sector of the Hubbard model, which showed to be very effective to describe the overdoped region of cuprates (the former) and the magnetic response of their parent compounds (the latter). © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Incommensurate spin fluctuations in the two-dimensional t-t′-U model
No full textMagnetic properties of the two-dimensional t-t′-U model are investigated by studying the static spin magnetic susceptibility as a function of momentum for various temperatures. The calculations are performed by means of the composite operator method in the static approximation. By increasing the value of the t′ parameter, the magnetic scattering in the reciprocal space evolves to an isotropic structure. It is shown that the results are in qualitative agreement with the experimental situation observed in LSCO and YBCO compounds. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V
SUPPRESSIVE EFFECT OF COMPOSTED OLIVE MILL WASTES SOIL AMENDMENTS ON THE ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA
No full textIncorporation into the soil of olive mill wastes after an appropriate composting process (composted - OMW) can represent a possible solution to the problem of their disposal and in addition can improve plant resistance to nematode attack by stimulating root development and plant growth because of their large content of nutritive elements. Therefore, a field experiment was undertaken in southern Italy to investigate the suppressive effect of incorporation into the soil of olive composted pomace, both fresh and exhausted, on the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Composted olive pomace obtained by mixing fresh solid cake with farmyard manure and another compost obtained by mixing exhausted solid cake with poultry manure and wheat straw at doses of 10, 20 and 40 t ha-1, were compared with two controls: i) untreated control; ii) treatment with fenamiphos (traditional nematicide) at 0.3 t ha-1. All treatments were applied before transplanting tomato plants on a sandy soil infested by the nematode. Tomato crop yield, soil nematode population and root gall index were recorded in all plots. The results obtained showed that crop yield in amended plots was enhanced and that both composted - OMW were suppressive on M. incognita
Has COVID-19 Threatened Relational Identity? Risk Representation, Identity Threats, and Perceived Health during Quarantine
No full textBased on the Identity Process Theory, this study wondered whether COVID-19 risk representation threatened relational identity and health perception. A sample of 976 Italian university students (Mage = 24.2; females: 73.8%) and a sample of 204 university staff members (Mage = 50.86; females: 57.4%) completed an online survey during the 1st phase of COVID-19. The results confirmed that in both samples the COVID-19 risk representation has been related to participants’ identity, both activating identity protection strategies and threatening their relational identity, i.e., the identity they derived from family and friendship relationships. Furthermore, identity protection mediated the relation between risk representation and health perception, suggesting that to feel even more part of their family and friend groups can protect participants from feeling unhealthy
Exploring intercultural sensitivity in bicultural and multicultural Reddit users: The role of both identity (or individual) and contextual (or social) factors
No full textThe Internet has revolutionized communication, enabling interactions between individuals from diverse cultures. This is especially true for social media which encourages participation in millions of online communities on a wide range of topics, such as Reddit. Research has largely neglected the intricate relationship between new media and intercultural issues. This study aims to address this gap by exploring the use experience of bicultural and multicultural individuals on Reddit and investigating the impact of identity-level (identity categorization, compartmentalization, and integration) and contextual-level (identification with the online network, online intergroup contact frequency and quality) factors on intercultural sensitivity. A sample of 241 bicultural (n = 90) and multicultural (n = 151) Reddit users (females = 100, 41.49%) participated in the study. Hierarchical regression results showed that both identity-level and contextual-level factors significantly contributed to intercultural sensitivity. Specifically, on the identity-level, integration was positively related to intercultural sensitivity, while compartmentalization was negatively associated with it. Additionally, on the contextual-level, identification with the online network and high-quality online intergroup contact were associated with greater intercultural sensitivity. This research highlights the importance of understanding how intercultural dynamics unfold within social media platforms and provides insights for fostering intercultural sensitivity in online communities
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