131,223 research outputs found
R&D managers’ adaptation of firms’ HRM practices.
No full textThe heads of R&D departments are those most responsible for the adaptation of firms’ human resource management (HRM) practices to the idiosyncrasies of their departments. From their description, this paper analyzes the HRM practices in R&D departments and the adaptation achieved in four different firms. The data suggest that the main adaptations are produced primarily in recruiting and organizing the work of R&D personnel. In contrast to suggestions in the specialized literature, less adaptation is found in other HRM practices analyzed (managerial support and degree of delegation, compensation and career plans). Psychological theories of procedural justice and social comparison can improve our understanding of such results. The organizational structure affects the reference group for such comparisons and, consequently, the R&D managers’ capacity to adapt such practices. Based on these arguments, the delegation of HRM practices to R&D departments will enhance the degree of adaptation of such policiesR&D; Research and development; Human resource management;
Pavillon Jeanne-Mance de l'Hôtel-Dieu, rue Saint-Urbain, Montréal, 1950
No full textArchitectes: A. D. Gascon et Louis Parant; Architectes chargés de construire une passerelle reliant les pavillons Jeanne-Mance et De Bullion: Gilles Duplessis, Henri P. Labelle et Gérard Derome; Date de construction du Pavillon Jeanne-Mance: 1950; Dates de construction de la passerelle entre les pavillons Jeanne-Mance et De Bullion: 1970-1971; Photographie: Pierre-Richard Bisson, 1979.07.19À gauche, au premier plan: Passerelle reliant ce pavillon au pavillon De Bullio
The Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Genotype, Frailty and Gait speed: The Cardiovascular Health Study
No full textObjective: To examine whether the association between dopamine-related genotype and gait speed differs according to frailty status or race.
Design: Cross-sectional population-based study (Cardiovascular Health Study)
Setting: Multi-center study, 4 US sites.
Participants: Volunteer community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older, without evidence of Parkinson’s Disease (N= 3,744, 71 years, 82% white, 39% male).
Measurements: Gait speed (usual pace, m/sec), physical frailty (Fried definition), and genetic polymorphism of Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT, rs4680), an enzyme regulating tonic brain dopamine levels, were assessed. Interaction of COMT by frailty and by race predicting gait speed were tested, and, if significant, analyses were stratified. Multivariable regression models of COMT predicting gait speed were adjusted for demographics and locomotor risk factors. Sensitivity analyses were repeated stratified by clinical cut-offs of gait speed (0.6 and 1.0m/sec) instead of frailty status.
Results: Compared to Met/Met (higher dopaminergic signaling), the Val/Val group (lower dopaminergic signaling) walked marginally more slowly in the full cohort (0.87 vs 0.89 m/sec, p=0.2). The interaction of COMT by frailty and COMT by race predicting gait speed were p=0.02 and p=0.01, respectively. Gait speed differences by genotype were significant for frail (n=220, 0.55 vs 0.63 m/sec, p=0.03), but not for pre-frail (n=1691, 0.81 vs 0.81 m/sec, p=0.9), or non-frail (n=1833, 0.98 vs 0.97 m/sec, p=0.7); results were similar in fully adjusted models. Among frail, associations were similar for whites and blacks, but statistically significant for whites only. Associations stratified by clinical cut-offs of gait speed were not significant.
Conclusion: The association of dopamine-related genotype with gait speed is stronger among adults with frailty compared to those without. The potential effects of dopaminergic signaling on preserving physical function in frail adults should be further examined. This is significant to public health as it could improve quality of life of older adults and decrease adverse health outcomes
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Enquête sur les connaissances et les comportements à l'égard de la nutrition et de l'activité physique chez les enseignants du secondaire deuxième cycle du Conseil scolaire des Frontières (District 3)
No full textL'alimentation saine et la pratique reguliere d'activite physique prennent de plus en plus d'envergure. La population recherche le mieux-etre et estime que ces deux composantes sont d'excellentes sources pour ameliorer leur sante.
Le but de cette recherche est de se familiariser avec les connaissances et les comportements des enseignants du secondaire deuxieme cycle du Conseil scolaire des Frontieres (District 3) a l'egard de la nutrition et de l'activite physique. Un questionnaire fut administre aux enseignants du secondaire des ecoles Polyvalente Thomas-Albert, Cite des Jeunes, Grande-Riviere et Cormier.
Un total de cent un questionnaires furent dument remplis. Les donnees ont fait l'objet d'analyses descriptives. Les resultats de ces analyses ont notamment demontre que les repondants ont un niveau de connaissances assez bien a l'egard de la nutrition et de l'activite physique. Cependant, leurs apports nutritionnels, ainsi que leur pratique d'activite physique, sont mediocres comparativement aux recommandations etablies.statement of responsibility: Jeanne-Mance Gauvin.thesis: Thèse (M.A. Éducation: Psychologie éducationnelle) -- Faculté des sciences de l'éducation, Université de Moncton, 1997.bibliography: Bibliogr.additional physical form: Également disponible sur microfiches et en version électronique
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
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