80 research outputs found
Pemberian Vaksin Melalui Tanaman Transgenik
No full textVaccines have played an important role in preventive medicine since Edward Jenner discovered that cowpox induced protection against human smallpox. Until recently, a vaccination has meant a needle in the arm. However, with the increasing need for inexpensive, easily administered vaccines, along with the improvements in genetic engineering, the concept of edible vaccines is fast becoming reality. This is especially important in developing countries, where it is estimated that three to five million children die each year from common diseases, which could have easily been prevented with the proper vaccination. Compared to traditional lab-synthesized vaccines, plants are capable of producing proteins at lower cost, and need not be isolated for injection. Plant-based vaccines are also safer than traditional vaccines because they use selected sub-units of the disease rather the attenuated whole disease-causing organism
PENDEKATAN FARMAKOGENOMIK DALAM PENGEMBANGAN OBAT BARU
No full textThe human population is heterogeneous and consists of populations of immense ethnic diversity. There are considerable allelic differences between human popula-tions as well as individuals within each ethnic group as a result of molecular hetero-geneity of the genome. This, in turn, is responsible for differential allelic expression of genes endowing them with polymorphic characters. The molecular diversity within genes is responsible amongst others, of disease resistance or susceptibility or for that matter drug response. Pharmacogenomics is the key to the understanding of differ-ential drug response in different patients in relation to genetic constitution. The revelation of such information at the molecular level would assist the pharmaceuti-cal industry to address a therapy directed to each individual. The objective of this article is to understand the nuances of the genetic repertoire and correlate it with disease gene identification, genes that have been or can be used as drug targets, identify candidate genes for drug development and recent trends in drug discovery
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