1,720,954 research outputs found
Energy-Efficient Flash Memory Management in Embedded Systems
No full textIn today’s embedded systems there is a growing need for energy efficient solutions as applications and hardware are growing in power consumption levels. That is why GEODES was initiated, a project where several companies and universities hold as main objective to develop power efficient solutions in embedded software. This master thesis is realized at ENEA and is part of GEODES. The focus of the work is flash memory management and how this type of software can be made power efficient. The first part of the master thesis is a theoretical study in flash memory management and power efficiency in flash systems. This study identified and evaluated the current solutions that exist in this topic. The theoretical foundation was made so an implementation of an energy efficient flash management system could be realized. A requirement specification was also developed regarding both basic functionality and energy optimization. After the theoretical study a power efficient design was developed, containing techniques like data separation, intelligent garbage collection and the utilization of a cache memory. More basic functionality like error code correction, bad block management and wear levelling was also included. The implementation was based on this design and the result was a driver layer for a flash memory, however no power management techniques were included due to time restrictions. The driver was implemented on an i.MX31 board in an OSE5.4 environment; this module (memory device driver - MDD) controlled a 128 M x 8-bit NAND flash memory and included functionalities such as error code correction, bad block management and status read. The MDD utilized an internal RAM buffer and the i.MX31 boards NAND flash controller. It executed all the operations (read, write and erase) and used the spare area for metadata writes.I dagens inbyggda system ser vi behovet av energieffektiva lösningar växa då applikationers och hårdvarors strömkonsumtionsnivåer ökar. Därför har GEODES, ett samarbetsprojekt mellan flera företag och universitet, initierats. GEODES mål är att utveckla strömsparande lösningar inom inbyggda system och deras arbete sträcker sig över hela Europa. Detta examensarbete utfördes på ENEA och var del av GEODES projektet, fokus på arbetet var flashminnes-hantering och hur man skulle kunna strömeffektivisera sådana typer av system. Första delen av arbetet är en teoretisk fördjupning i flashminnes-hantering och energieffektivisering. I denna studie identifierades och utvärderades de lösningar som finns idag. Grunden och teoretiska underlaget lades för att kunna implementera ett sådant system. En mall för ett strömsnålt flash-lager togs fram i form av en kravspecifikation, dessa krav berörde både grundläggande funktionalitet och strömsparning. Nästa steg var utvecklingen av en energieffektiv design som innehöll teknikerna dataseparering, intelligent skräphantering och cache minne. Denna design tillhandhöll också funktionaliteter som error code correction, bad block management och wear-levelling. Implementationen baserades på denna design och resultatet blev en drivare för ett flashminne, men på grund utav tidsrestriktioner så hann inga strömsparnings-tekniker realiseras. Drivaren implementerades på ett i.MX31-kort i OSE5.4 miljö; denna modul (Memory Device Driver - MDD) styrde ett 128 M x 8-bit NAND flashminne och tillhandahöll funktionaliteter som error code correction, bad block management och statusläsning. MDD:n utnyttjade en intern RAM-buffert, i.MX31-kortets NAND flash controller, samt utförde alla operationer (läsa, skriva och radera) och brukade minnets ”spare area” för metadata skrivningar
PHILOSOPHY AND THE STUDY OF GLOCALIZATION
Get PDFWithin the bosom of the humanities philosophy reposes and, as an academic field, it is ever so often criticized for its aloofness. In a recent book, Roudometof and Dessi (2022, 9-10) politely quip that philosophy’s engagement with the “glocal” has been “resilient,” transacted mostly “without encroaching on other fields.” Philosophy’s ostensible remoteness stems in part from its institutional affiliation with, cultivation and deployment of often forbiddingly technical tools of logical analysis. Although the academic field comprises a manifold of specialities, with resentment often arising against prohibitively technical branches, I narrow my focus to an understanding of “philosophy” as an activity engrossed in logical analysis, and I will plead as defence of this avowed postulation that by so doing, operationally as it were, I can argue that philosophy can make critical and salutary contributions to the burgeoning field of glocalization studies, which is so ably canvassed in the book edited by Roudometof and Dessi. Notwithstanding the promissory note offered above, and since my definition of philosophy may seem unduly restrictive, it is incumbent on me to disambiguate across related notions and to make an initial case as to both the plausibility and arguable pay-offs from taking philosophy in the way I just adumbrated. This is a substantive issue as it relates to a case I will be making as to what philosophy may have to offer to the study of glocalization
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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