721 research outputs found
D project networks: A multiple case study
No full textInter-organizational knowledge transfer is widely considered to be an important source of competitiveness in the extant literature and by innovation policymakers. This paper reports on a study that investigated inter-firm knowledge transfer in research and development (R&D) projects that received public funding. All projects took place in Finland and included university and/or research institute member(s). Based on multiple case studies, the significance of social capital in knowledge transfer was analyzed. Aspects that limited the knowledge transfer were identified and the effects of motivation on collaboration were evaluated. In certain cases, the knowledge transfer between firms was minimal and existed only in formal meetings. Surprisingly, the firms shared their R&D results openly with other network members, but this was not considered particularly beneficial. The knowledge transfer was limited by changes in consortiums, changes in project duration and/or budget, differences in R&D interests, insufficient resources, and ability to achieve R&D goal(s) without collaboration. In cases with active collaboration, several features of social capital in combination with complimentary business goals were perceived as facilitators of knowledge transfer. Based on the results, practical implications for innovation policymakers and project coordinators, and directions for future research, are proposed.Peer reviewe
Poliisin yhteiskuntavastuu - pohdiskelua organisaatiotutkimuksen ja Matti Yrjänä Joensuun romaanien pohjalta
Full text linkThe article describes the societalresponsibility of the police administration fromtwo viewpoints: how it is present inadministrative science and administrativeculture of the police and what kind of picturecan be found in the Finnish detective novelswritten by Matti Yrjänä Joensuu. The focus ofthe article is to make administrative scientificand literal viewpoints to discuss with eachothers. The article is created by tworesearchers. Markku Temmes aims to useadministrative science which emphasizes therole of the police as a basic organisation inthe society and in the politico-administrativesystem. The second author of the articleVoitto Ruohonen has in this article and in hisdissertation tackled the societal picture of thenovels by Matti Yrjänä Joensuu from viewpointof literature and sociological research
Benchmarking and the bottom line
No full textMatti Siemiatycki presents the case for expanding and formalising performance benchmarking processes to address the persistent problems of escalating costs and missed deadlines in infrastructure and public works projects Copyright (c) 2009 The Author. Journal compilation (c) 2009 ippr.
Sudden Death Associated with Incarcerated Small Bowel due to Mesodiverticular Band
No full textMeckel’s diverticulum is a congenital anomaly present in about 3% of the population and usually asymptomatic. Rarely, a mesodiverticular band extends from the tip of a Meckel’s diverticulum to the mesentery, thought to be due to lack of involution of the left vitelline artery. The presence of this band creates a closed loop through which loops of bowel can become entrapped. Rare case reports have described incarceration of bowel, and sudden death in children. We present such a case, and discuss this entity.Peer reviewe
Matti Aikio - verk og virke
No full textDenne avhandlingen studerer de litterære verkene til den samiske forfatteren Matti Aikio, samt det nedslag hans verk hadde i samtidens Norge. Aikios romaner, artikler, skuespill og billedkunst ble skapt i tidsrommet 1904-29, en periode da Norge som ny selvstendig nasjonalstat hadde begrenset toleranse med sin samiske minoritet. En slik etnisk kultur-forståelse var i samsvar med samtidens rådende sosial-darwinisme, på overgangen fra kolonialisme til imperialisme. I slike omgivelser fremsto Matti Aikio som norsk forfatter med bøker skrevet på norsk – men med et selvvalgt samisk-lydende kunstnernavn. Det er avhandlingens mål å avdekke en mulig notsetningen mellom storsamfunnets forventning om assimilasjon og Aikios diskrete presentasjon av samiske verdier i sitt verk og virke. Det blir diskutert om nettopp valg av virkemidler førte til mistenkeliggjøring fra samtidens samiske talsmenn, men at ettertiden har vist at Aikios insistering på samarbeidslinje ville gi bedre langsiktige resultater for samisk språk og kultur. Samtidig søker analysen å underbygge at Aikio selv fikk en økt forståelse for den samiske kulturens mangfold i løpet av sin karriere – samtidig som taktikken endret seg i forfatterens langsiktige strategi om full likestilling for den samiske minoriteten. Fra å hevde at den ekte samiske kulturen bare fantes i Karasjok, endte han med en mer moderne og inkluderende forståelse av en samisk folkegruppe med et mangfold av språk og kulturuttrykk.This dissertation is a study of the literary works by the Sami author Matti Aikio, and of the impact his work had in Norway in his time. Aikio’s novels, articles, dramas and paintings were produced in the time period 1904−1929, a period when Norway as an independent nation state had limited tolerance for its Sami minority. Such an ethnic cultural understanding corresponded with the prevailing sentiment of social Darwinism of the time, in the transition from colonialism to imperialism. In this context Matti Aikio emerged as a Norwegian author with books written in Norwegian – but under a personally chosen, Sami sounding nom de plume. The objective of the dissertation is to disclose a possible contradiction between greater society’s expectations regarding assimilation and Aikio’s discreet presentation of Sami values in his literary works and professional activity. It has been discussed whether precisely the choice of tools at hand served to undermine his credibility with the Sami spokesmen of the time, but after the fact it has become evident that Aikio’s insistence on a collaborative line would have far better long-term results for the Sami language and culture. The analysis simultaneously seeks to substantiate that Aikio personally acquired a greater understanding of the diversity of the Sami culture in the course of his career – while simultaneously the tactics of the author’s long-term strategy for full equality for the Sami minority changed. From maintaining that the true Sami culture was found only in Karasjok, he ended up with a more modern and inclusive understanding of a Sami ethnic group with a multitude of languages and cultural expressions
Interfirm Collaboration in R&D Projects : Effects of Social Capital on Knowledge Transfer
Full text linkMonet yritykset tekevät tutkimus- ja kehittämisyhteistyötä muiden yritysten ja tutkimusorganisaatioiden sekä yliopistojen kanssa edistääkseen omia kehittämistavoitteitaan. Yhteistyötä tuetaan julkisin varoin moninaisilla projektirahoituksen instrumenteilla, joissa edellytetään usein, että hankekonsortion jäseninä on useampia yrityksiä. Aikaisempi tutkimus on ansiokkaasti lisännyt ymmärrystä erilaisiin yhteistyömalleihin, kuten toimitusverkostoihin ja strategisiin kumppanuuksiin, liittyvästä dynamiikasta. Lisäksi on tutkittu aktiivisesti yritysten ja yliopistojen välistä yhteistyötä julkista rahoitusta saavissa tutkimus- ja kehittämishankkeissa. Kuitenkin yritysten väliseen yhteistyöhön tutkimus- ja kehittämisprojektien kontekstissa keskittynyttä tutkimusta on erittäin vähän. Tämä väitöskirja paikkaa kyseistä tutkimusvajetta. Väitöskirja koostuu johdanto-osasta sekä viidestä tieteellisestä artikkelista.
Väitöskirjassa raportoitava tutkimus eteni suppilomaisesti. Tutkimuksen alkuvaiheessa tavoitteena oli rakentaa kokonaiskuvaa yritysten välisestä tutkimus- ja kehittämisyhteistyötä, ja sen tuloksellisuuteen potentiaalisesti vaikuttavista tekijöistä. Tätä tarkoitusta varten pidettiin asiantuntijatyöpajoja ja tehtiin kirjallisuuskartoituksia. Näistä saadut tulokset raportoitiin väitöskirjan artikkeleissa yksi ja kaksi. Myöhemmissä vaiheissa tutkimus keskittyi tarkastelemaan yritysten välistä tiedonsiirtoa vauhdittavia tai hidastavia tekijöitä julkista tukea saavissa tutkimus- ja kehittämisprojekteissa. Erityisenä painopisteenä oli selvittää rakenteellisen, relationaalisen ja kognitiivisen sosiaalisen pääoman vaikutuksia yritysten väliseen tiedonsiirtoon. Tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin kvalitatiivista tapaustutkimusta, jossa aineisto kerättiin haastattelemalla yritysedustajia seitsemästä tutkimus- ja kehittämisprojektista. Tutkimustulokset on raportoitu artikkeleissa kolme, neljä ja viisi.
Väitöskirjassa esiteltävä tutkimus tuo esiin monipuolisesti tekijöitä, jotka potentiaalisesti vaikuttavat yritysten välisen tutkimus- ja kehittämisyhteistyön sujuvuuteen. Tulokset osoittavat, että sosiaalinen pääoma vauhdittaa yritysten välistä tiedonsiirtoa, mutta sen fasilitoiva vaikutus tehostuu selvästi, kun yrityksillä on yhteisiä liiketoiminnallisia tavoitteita (motivaatio). Toisaalta tutkimuksessa tunnistettiin useita tekijöitä, joiden läsnäolo heikentää sosiaalisen pääoman ja motivaation fasilitoivaa vaikutusta.Through various forms of collaboration, firms are seeking to support their research and development (R&D) activities. Simultaneously, governments are encouraging firms and universities/research institutes to collaborate by offering funding for R&D projects. Previous research has given insights into interfirm R&D collaboration, for example, in supply chains and strategic alliances. Also, in the context of R&D projects, the collaboration between firms and universities has been the focus of several studies. However, a research gap exists concerning interfirm collaboration in R&D project networks. This research gap is addressed in this dissertation, which consists of an introductory section and five scientific papers.
The research presented in the dissertation progressed in a funnel-like process. During the first phases of the study, the aim was to build an overall picture of interfirm R&D collaboration. For this purpose, expert workshops were held, and the literature was reviewed. The results are reported in papers 1 and 2 of the dissertation. In later phases, the study focused on the identification of factors that hinder or facilitate interfirm knowledge transfer (KT) in the context of R&D projects. The effects of structural, relational and cognitive social capital on KT were studied in detail. A qualitative case study approach was taken. Data were gathered by interviewing firm representatives from seven R&D projects that had received funding from a Finnish public funding agency. The results are reported in papers 3, 4 and 5.
The dissertation builds a picture of the diversity of the potential factors that affect interfirm R&D collaboration in project networks. The findings indicate that social capital does facilitate KT in R&D project networks, but it needs to be accompanied by shared business intentions (motivation) to obtain the most beneficial outcomes. In addition, several factors were identified that can limit the facilitative influence of motivation and social capital
Matti Aikio - verk og virke [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textDenne avhandlingen studerer de litterære verkene til den samiske forfatteren Matti Aikio, samt det nedslag hans verk hadde i samtidens Norge. Aikios romaner, artikler, skuespill og billedkunst ble skapt i tidsrommet 1904-29, en periode da Norge som ny selvstendig nasjonalstat hadde begrenset toleranse med sin samiske minoritet. En slik etnisk kultur-forståelse var i samsvar med samtidens rådende sosial-darwinisme, på overgangen fra kolonialisme til imperialisme. I slike omgivelser fremsto Matti Aikio som norsk forfatter med bøker skrevet på norsk – men med et selvvalgt samisk-lydende kunstnernavn. Det er avhandlingens mål å avdekke en mulig notsetningen mellom storsamfunnets forventning om assimilasjon og Aikios diskrete presentasjon av samiske verdier i sitt verk og virke. Det blir diskutert om nettopp valg av virkemidler førte til mistenkeliggjøring fra samtidens samiske talsmenn, men at ettertiden har vist at Aikios insistering på samarbeidslinje ville gi bedre langsiktige resultater for samisk språk og kultur. Samtidig søker analysen å underbygge at Aikio selv fikk en økt forståelse for den samiske kulturens mangfold i løpet av sin karriere – samtidig som taktikken endret seg i forfatterens langsiktige strategi om full likestilling for den samiske minoriteten. Fra å hevde at den ekte samiske kulturen bare fantes i Karasjok, endte han med en mer moderne og inkluderende forståelse av en samisk folkegruppe med et mangfold av språk og kulturuttrykk.This dissertation is a study of the literary works by the Sami author Matti Aikio, and of the impact his work had in Norway in his time. Aikio’s novels, articles, dramas and paintings were produced in the time period 1904−1929, a period when Norway as an independent nation state had limited tolerance for its Sami minority. Such an ethnic cultural understanding corresponded with the prevailing sentiment of social Darwinism of the time, in the transition from colonialism to imperialism. In this context Matti Aikio emerged as a Norwegian author with books written in Norwegian – but under a personally chosen, Sami sounding nom de plume. The objective of the dissertation is to disclose a possible contradiction between greater society’s expectations regarding assimilation and Aikio’s discreet presentation of Sami values in his literary works and professional activity. It has been discussed whether precisely the choice of tools at hand served to undermine his credibility with the Sami spokesmen of the time, but after the fact it has become evident that Aikio’s insistence on a collaborative line would have far better long-term results for the Sami language and culture. The analysis simultaneously seeks to substantiate that Aikio personally acquired a greater understanding of the diversity of the Sami culture in the course of his career – while simultaneously the tactics of the author’s long-term strategy for full equality for the Sami minority changed. From maintaining that the true Sami culture was found only in Karasjok, he ended up with a more modern and inclusive understanding of a Sami ethnic group with a multitude of languages and cultural expressions.</p
Konvertterikytkettyjen voimalaitosten vikavirran syötön vaikutus voimajärjestelmän stabiiliuteen
Full text linkA power system must be able to maintain an operating equilibrium in the state of the network even after potential critical disturbances. The impact of disturbances on the system is determined by the responses of components connected to it. The responses providing additional stability to the system are crucial especially during the faults. Converter based power plants also produce their own portion of these responses. Therefore, for a secure and reliable operation of the power system, determining requirements for their responses is also important.
The aim of this thesis was to determine fault current contribution requirements for converter based power plants in Finland. The subjects of this study were variable speed wind power plants. The determination was conducted by studying the impact of fault current contribution on power system stability. In addition to this study, three parameters influencing the contribution were analyzed. The plants were modelled as a part of the Nordic power system. They were located geographically in the western coast area of Finland.
The research illustrated that the fault current contribution of the plants can enhance the power system stability. This enhancement was the most substantial when they prioritized reactive fault current contribution. In contrast, some stability study results from plants prioritizing active fault current illustrated that the enhancement was poorer in comparison with results from plants without any fault current injection. With the consistent results, a requirement of prioritizing reactive fault current contribution was able to be determined.
Additional results from studying two other parameters influencing the contribution illustrated that in comparison with each other, they had a different impact on the power system stability. Studying their interact with each other was not within the scope of this thesis, but would be useful for determining the remainder of requirements for the fault current contribution of the plants.Voimajärjestelmän on kyettävä ylläpitämään verkon toiminnan tasapainotilaa jopa mahdollisten kriittisten vikojen jälkeen. Vikojen vaikutus verkkoon määräytyy järjestelmään liittyneiden komponenttien vasteista. Verkon stabiiliutta tukevat vasteet ovat tärkeitä eritoten vikojen aikana. Konvertterikytketyt voimalaitokset tuottavat myös oman osansa näistä vasteista. Täten, turvallisen ja luotettavan voimajärjestelmän toiminnan ylläpitämiseksi vaatimuksien määrittäminen myös niiden vasteille on tärkeää.
Tämän diplomityön tavoitteena oli määrittää vikavirran syötön vaatimukset konvertterikytketyille voimalaitoksille Suomessa. Työn painopiste oli muuttuvanopeuksisissa tuulivoimalaitoksissa. Määrittelyn menettelytapa oli tutkia vikavirran syötön vaikutusta voimajärjestelmän stabiiliuteen. Vikavirran syötön tutkimuksen lisäksi työssä analysoitiin kolmea syöttöön vaikuttavaa parametria. Laitokset oli mallinnettu osaksi pohjoismaista voimajärjestelmää. Ne sijaitsivat maantieteellisesti Suomen länsirannikolla.
Tutkimus osoitti, että voimajärjestelmän stabiiliutta voidaan parantaa konvertterikytkettyjen voimalaitosten vikavirran syötöllä. Tämä parannus oli kaikista suurin silloin, kun voimalaitokset priorisoivat loisvikavirran syöttöä. Toisaalta, pätövikavirran syötön priorisoinnilla stabiiliuden parannus oli joissain tutkimuksissa jopa heikompi verrattaessa tilanteisiin, joissa voimalaitokset eivät syöttäneet vikavirtaa ollenkaan. Yhdenmukaisten tulosten johdosta vaatimus loisvikavirran syötön priorisoimisesta voitiin määrittää.
Tutkimustulokset kahden muun syöttöön vaikuttavan parametrin osalta osoittivat, että verrattaessa toisiinsa näillä oli erilainen vaikutus voimajärjestelmän stabiiliuteen. Parametrien keskinäisen vuorovaikutuksen tutkiminen ei kuulunut tämän diplomityön aihepiiriin, mutta olisi tarpeellinen määrittelemään muut vaatimukset laitosten vikavirran syötölle
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