110 research outputs found
Gertrud Mainzer Family Collection 1859-2008
No full textThe Gertrud Mainzer Family Collection documents the personal and professional life of Holocaust survivor, attorney, and New York Family Court judge Gertrud Mainzer. It also includes materials about her family and her ancestors, including her husband, attorney Richard Mainzer, and her father, noted legal scholar Hugo Sinzheimer.The Hermann E. Simon Collection, AR 6372; Box 3; Folder 25, contains a memoir by Gertrud Mainzer, describing her life in hiding in Holland and subsequent time in the concentration camp at Bergen-Belsen. Also included (Box 3; Folder 26) are legal documents and correspondence by Gertrud Mainzer.See also the Hugo Sinzheimer Collection, AR 25413Gertrud (Traute) Mainzer née Sinzheimer (1914-2010) was born in Frankfurt am Main, Germany to noted legal scholar Hugo Daniel Sinzheimer and Paula née Seelig. Her family moved to Holland after Hitler came to power in 1933. In Holland, she married Richard Mainzer (1907-1966), an attorney and a student of her father. After the Nazi invasion her husband managed to flee to Cuba, but Gertrud and her two small children went into hiding. In 1944 she and her children were found and interned in the Westerbork camp and later the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp (where she met Anne Frank and her sister Margot). After the war she joined her husband in Cuba, and in 1948 the family moved to New York, where they had a third child.Mainzer worked as a librarian for Finch College in the 1950s, but once her children were grown she returned to school to study law (NYU, 1966) and then entered private practice. From 1979 to 1984, she was a Family Court Judge in New York City. She was also an adjunct professor at the Cardozo School of Law, where the program in Family Law, Policy and Bioethics is now named in her honor.Family Court Judge Gertrud Mainzer passed away on July 8, 2010 at the age of 97.digitizedProcessedProcesse
The life of Gertrud "Traute" Mainzer /
No full text13 sessions of oral history interviews with Gertrud Mainzer, conducted by Tom Litwack between October 1984 and May 1998.digitize
Gertrud and Friedrich Hermann Family Collection 1908-1962
No full textThis collection holds the papers of Gertrud and Friedrich Hermann. The majority of the material found here documents Friedrich Hermann's education and his professional career as a lawyer, although material concerning his wife Gertrud and other members of the family is also present. The collection contains a typescript, correspondence, official documents, and clippings.Prominent among the papers in this collection are the documents relating to the two well-known writers Johannes Urzidil and Fritz von Unruh.2 buttons owned by Renee N. Herman's father, Willy Neuman, were transferred to the LBI Art and Objects CollectionThe lawyer Friedrich Hermann was born as Fritz Salomon in Gent, Belgium, on December 20th, 1902, the son of the merchant Hermann Salomon and his wife Toni (?). After attending school in Belgium and Germany he studied law in Frankfurt a. M., Munich, and Freiburg i. B. and received his doctorate diploma in 1926. He was admitted to the bar in Frankfurt in 1928. In 1933 he was disbarred and no longer allowed to practice law. He emigrated to New York in 1935 (?) where he changed his name to Friedrich Hermann and started to work in the hop business.Friedrich Hermann's first wife Gertrud (née Reinemann) was born on December 18th, 1907 in Frankfurt a. M. She was trained as a kindergarten teacher. The Hermann couple was acquainted with the Czech-German author Johannes Urzidil (1896-1970); Gertrud Hermann was also in contact with the German expressionist writer Fritz von Unruh (1885-1970).In the early 1960s Friedrich Hermann married a second time. The name of the second wife of Friedrich Hermann was Renee (née Neuman). Her father, Willy Neumann, who died in 1919, owned a racing stable.digitize
Book Review: Literary Freedom and Social Constraints in the Works\u27 of Gertrud Leutenegger.
No full textIn and around Switzerland Gertrud Leutennegger ranks among the wellknown contemporary Swiss writers. As yet, however, her work has not been translated and its reception has therefore been limited to German-speaking countries. Margrit Zinggeler\u27 s study thus comes as a welcome introduction to Leutenegger\u27 s writings that is designed for a general as well as specialized readership. As Zinggeler makes clear at the outset of her investigation, when Gertrud Leutenegger first started to write in the early 1970\u27s, her artistic independence signaled a turning point in Swiss women writing. Luckily, the author has never since compromised her inner vision and creative expression
The confidence from Königsberg: About the Jewish German poetess Gertrud Marx
No full textDer Essay macht mit der heute längst vergessenen deutschen Schriftstellerin Gertrud Marx (1851–1916) aus Königsberg (Ostpreußen), heute: Kaliningrad (Russland), bekannt. Herausgestellt wird ihre optimistische Ästhetik, die der Autor der Grundtendenz der deutschen Philosophie und Literatur um 1900 gegenüberstellt. Die Zuversicht und der Optimismus gehen hier aus der Religion, aus der unverbrüchlichen jüdischen Lebensweise der Gertrud Marx hervor, während die Moderne geprägt ist von der Säkularisierung, von der Dominanz und der Übermacht der aufklärerischen Skepsis. Die These und Pointe des Beitrags besteht darin, Zweifel und Zuversicht als eine Denkbewegung innerhalb der Moderne zu begreifen, als Zusammenspiel und Ineinanderwirken von Realismus und Idealismus, Wirklichkeit und Möglichkeit, Diagnose und Therapie.The essay acquaints us with the long-forgotten German poetess Gertrud Marx (1851–1916) from Königsberg (East Prussia), today: Kaliningrad (Russia). The author highlights her optimistic aesthetics, and he contrasts it with the quintessential tendency of German philosophy and literature around 1900. The optimism and the confidence in her poems arise from religion, from her steadfastly Jewish way of living, while modernity and the modern spirit are affected by secularization, by the dominance and hazardous superiority of rationalistic disbelief, as a result of the Enlightenment. The thesis and punch line of the essay is, that disbelief and confidence form or rather represent conjointly one figure of thought, which is the interaction and interlock of realism and idealism, actuality and possibility, diagnosis and therapy.Esej poświęcony jest zapomnianej już niemieckiej pisarce Gertrud Marx (1851–1916) z Königsbergu (Prusy Wschodnie), dzisiaj: Kaliningrad (Rosja). Ukazuje jej optymistyczną estetykę, którą autor przeciwstawia niemieckiej filozofii i literaturze na przełomie XIX i XX wieku. Ufność i optymizm wypływają tu z religii, z nieugiętej życiowej postawy Gertrud Marx, podczas gdy modernizm naznaczony był sekularyzacją, dominacją i niebezpieczną wszechwładzą oświeceniowego sceptycyzmu. Tezą i puentą artykułu jest ujęcie wątpliwości i ufności jako jednej z tendencji modernizmu, jako współdziałania i wzajemnego oddziaływania realizmu i idealizmu, rzeczywistości i możliwości, diagnozy i terapii
Att förhålla sig till moderniteten : en studie i Gertrud Liljas författarskap
No full textThe aim of this thesis is to present and discuss the author Gertrud Lilja with a special focus on her relationship to modernity from a feminist perspective. In the 1920s Lilja was regarded as an interesting and promising author. Ten years later she was seen as a conservative and popular author who wrote mainly for women. As this is the first published thesis that discusses Gertrud Lilja it focuses both on her life, her financial situation and her relationship with her publishers in order to be able to discuss Lilja’s place on the Swedish literary field and on her texts, as I give alternative readings of her novels. Discussing Lilja’s place on the Swedish literary field Pierre Bourdieus theory of cultural capital and habitus are important tools. Lilja made her debut in the 1920s and had then, despite her lack of formal education, despite her rural background and despite her gender, a rather strong cultural capital and was both well received by contemporary critics and was well looked after by her publishers. In the years that followed Lilja lost a great deal of her capital. Her publishers wanted her to write less complicated novels for women, she needed money and wrote a number of short stories for magazines, and the field in itself changed as modernism began grow stronger. Lilja’s text were seen more and more as old fashioned and conservative and she was seen as a popular writer and an uninteresting one. I argue that Gertrud Lilja should be seen as a middlebrow author, a realistic author that has popular elements in her texts. Middlebrow has always been problematic and shunned by many critics and read as simply popular literature. Being a middlebrow author makes is difficult to be taken seriously and Lilja’s critique of her contemporary society and her rather radical critique of a patriarchal religion has not been addressed. Discussing modernity from a feminist perspective and questioning the idea of what it is to be modern, who can be modern and what it means to be conservative, I argue that simply saying that Lilja was a conservative author is not enough. In some ways she gives in her texts a rather harsh criticism of the new and modern society that grow stronger during the 1930-40s, but she also in some ways embraces modernity in her critique of the “good old days” and of the patriarchal religion. Reading Lilja’s texts in dialogue with , for example, the ongoing discussion of women’s new role in society, of sexuality, of religion, images of God and the need for a new kind of church I argue that Lilja shows a great deal of ambivalence towards modernity
Gertrud Von Le Fort: A Survey of Her Works From 1924-1938
No full textThe high place of Gertrud Von Le Fort in Contemporary German literature makes it difficult to understand why she is not more widely known in America, especially since much of her work has been well translated. Material on her life and works is so scarce that even the publishers blurbs in German weeklies assume a value out of all proportion. Of the material available, Theoderich Kampmann, in an article on Gertrud Von Le Fort which was published in the Hochland, gives the best treatment of the spiritual force of the author. George H. Danton, professor of German at Union College, Schenestady [sic], New York, published a comprehensive article about the author in Books Abroad, 1939. The most satisfactory way to know Le Fort, however, is to read her works. For this reason, I have included full (perhaps too full) summaries of the works on review. As Francois Mauriac writes, in God and Mammon, To write is to hand one\u27s self over. Our author definitely hands herself over --applying to all human existence the theory nearest her heart
Linguistic Images of Man and Woman in the Aphorisms of Gertrud von le Fort
No full textW niniejszej publikacji mowa jest o językowym obrazie kobiety i mężczyzny w aforyzmach Gertrud von le Fort, niemieckiej pisarki żyjącej w latach 1876-1971, której twórczość określają inspiracje religijne. Podjęte tu rozważania wchodzą w zakres semantyki leksykalnej i korespondują z językoznawstwem aksjologicznym oraz nowszym nurtem badań językoznawczych, tzw. teolingwistyką. Autor poddaje semantycznej analizie sposób, w jaki Gertrud von le Fort kategoryzuje i wartościuje w swoich aforyzmach relację zachodzącą między kobietą i mężczyzną. Interesuje go etyka mowy poetki oraz wartości semantyczne tworzące w jej idiolekcie obraz obu płci. Ponieważ sferę aksjologiczną aforyzmów Gertrud von le Fort konstytuuje język doświadczenia religijnego, autor zwraca również uwagę na sposób, w jaki przedstawiana jest w badanych aforyzmach duchowość kobiety i mężczyzny. Refleksja metodologiczna oparta jest o studium wiedzy z zakresu badań nad językowym obrazem świata. Autor definiuje to zagadnienie, przedstawiając pierwotną koncepcję Wilhelma von Humboldta oraz współczesne koncepcje badawcze m.in. Jerzego Bartmińskiego i Ryszarda Tokarskiego, a następnie odnosi je do relacji, jaka zachodzi między językowym obrazem świata a literaturą. Rozważania wzbogacone są o notę biograficzną Gertrud von le Fort, której poetycka i prozatorska twórczość stała się na początku XX wieku oznaką duchowego odrodzenia Niemiec. Przedstawione zostały najważniejsze fakty z życia poetki oraz rozwój jej pisarskiego kunsztu. Autor przypomina m.in. o Hymnach do Kościoła (Hymnen an die Kirche) – jednym z najważniejszych poematów niegdyś protestanckiej pisarki, w którym zawarła swój własny duchowy proces zbliżania się do katolicyzmu. Praca stanowi oryginalny wkład autora do badań nad literacką spuścizną Gertrud von le Fort. Jak dotąd nie były prowadzone żadne analizy ujmujące jej aforystyczną twórczość z punktu wiedzenia językoznawstwa kulturowego, uwzględniającego aspekty aksjologiczne jej idiolektu. Refleksja dowodzi m.in., że orientacja estetyczna języka le Fort oparta jest o ideę wzajemności kobiety i mężczyzny, i że obraz obu płci zastany w aforyzmach pisarki jest spójny z ich potocznym wyobrażeniem zakorzenionym w tradycji chrześcijańskiej. Tym samym praca może być społecznie ważnym przyczynkiem do dalszych rozważań z zakresu wywiedzionej z literatury chrześcijańskiej antropologii płci.The following paper deals with a linguistic image of man and woman in the aphorisms of Gertrud von le Fort, a German writer whose dates are 1876-1971 and whose oeuvre is determined by religious inspirations. Reflections undertaken in this paper are related to the field of lexical semantics and correspond with axiological linguistics as well as the latest tend in linguistic studies, the so called theological linguistics. The semantic analysis carried out in the paper addresses the ways in which Gertrud von le Fort categorises and evaluates the relation between a man and a woman in her aphorisms. The author of the paper is interested in the ethics of the poet's utterance as well as semantic properties that create the images of both sexes in le Fort's idiolect. Since the axiological sphere of Gertrud von le Fort's aphorisms is constituted by the language of religious experience, the author of this paper also concentrates on the ways in which spirituality of a man and a woman is represented in the aphorisms under discussion. Methodological reflection focuses on recent developments in the studies on the linguistic image of the world. The author defines this issue by referring to the original concept formulated by Wilhelm von Humboldt as well as recent research conceptions of Jerzy Bartmiński and Ryszard Tokarski, among others. He then relates them to interdependence between literature and the linguistic image of the world. The reflections are enriched by a biographical note of Gertrude von le Fort, whose poetry and prose became a symbol of spiritual rebirth of Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. Major facts of the poet's life as well as her artistic skill in writing are presented in the paper. The author evokes Hymns to the Church (Hymnen an die Kirche) that belong to the most important texts of this formerly protestant writer – in which she presented her own spiritual process of moving closer to Catholicism. The author of this paper provides an original input into the studies on the literary legacy of Gertrud von le Fort. So far no studies have been conducted on her aphoristic oeuvre from the angle of cultural linguistics that includes axiological aspects of her idiolect. The reflection proves that the esthetically-oriented language of le Fort is based on the idea of mutuality between man and woman and that the images of both sexes found in the writer's aphorisms are consistent with a popular perception rooted in Christian tradition. Theat is why this paper may become an important contribution to further considerations in the field of gender anthropology inferred from Christian literature
Trends of Europeanization in social welfare politics. IHS Political Science Series 82, July 2002
No full textFritz W. Scharpf (2000 and 2002) defines the term Europeanization as the progressive shift of governmental tasks to the European level. According to this understanding he identifies four modes of Europeanization. Further, he recognizes the establishment of minimum standards and the open method of co-ordination as specific modes of Europeanization. This paper first relates the welfare political goals and problems of both named methods of Europeanization in social welfare politics, then describes the political processes which accompany them, and subsequently tests whether Scharpf’s analysis can be affirmed
Att förhålla sig till moderniteten : en studie i Gertrud Liljas författarskap
No full textPopular Abstract in Swedish Under 1920-talet och framåt accelererade moderningseringsprocessen på många plan och det svenska samhället kom att allt mer förändras. Följande studie handlar i mycket om hur man på olika sätt kan förhålla sig till den nya tid som kommer. Gertud Lilja var verksam mellan 1924 och 1964. Under 1920-40-talen var hon en känd och diskuterad författare, men med tiden har hennes författarskap allt mer fallit i glömska. Lilja har av kritiker och litteraturhistoriker i mycket setts som en konservativ och bakåtsträvande författare som avvisar moderniteten i alla dess former. Genom att diskutera mottagande, etikettering och litteraturhistorieskrivning bland annat ur ett genusperspektiv och genom att sätta Liljas egna texter i dialog med både hennes samtid och vår nutid omvärderas i följande studie Liljas förhållande till moderniteten samtidigt som den kvinnliga författarens villkor i det kulturella etablissemanget problematiseras.The aim of this thesis is to present and discuss the author Gertrud Lilja with a special focus on her relationship to modernity from a feminist perspective. In the 1920s Lilja was regarded as an interesting and promising author. Ten years later she was seen as a conservative and popular author who wrote mainly for women. As this is the first published thesis that discusses Gertrud Lilja it focuses both on her life, her financial situation and her relationship with her publishers in order to be able to discuss Lilja’s place on the Swedish literary field and on her texts, as I give alternative readings of her novels. Discussing Lilja’s place on the Swedish literary field Pierre Bourdieus theory of cultural capital and habitus are important tools. Lilja made her debut in the 1920s and had then, despite her lack of formal education, despite her rural background and despite her gender, a rather strong cultural capital and was both well received by contemporary critics and was well looked after by her publishers. In the years that followed Lilja lost a great deal of her capital. Her publishers wanted her to write less complicated novels for women, she needed money and wrote a number of short stories for magazines, and the field in itself changed as modernism began grow stronger. Lilja’s text were seen more and more as old fashioned and conservative and she was seen as a popular writer and an uninteresting one. I argue that Gertrud Lilja should be seen as a middlebrow author, a realistic author that has popular elements in her texts. Middlebrow has always been problematic and shunned by many critics and read as simply popular literature. Being a middlebrow author makes is difficult to be taken seriously and Lilja’s critique of her contemporary society and her rather radical critique of a patriarchal religion has not been addressed. Discussing modernity from a feminist perspective and questioning the idea of what it is to be modern, who can be modern and what it means to be conservative, I argue that simply saying that Lilja was a conservative author is not enough. In some ways she gives in her texts a rather harsh criticism of the new and modern society that grow stronger during the 1930-40s, but she also in some ways embraces modernity in her critique of the “good old days” and of the patriarchal religion. Reading Lilja’s texts in dialogue with , for example, the ongoing discussion of women’s new role in society, of sexuality, of religion, images of God and the need for a new kind of church I argue that Lilja shows a great deal of ambivalence towards modernity
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