1,720,976 research outputs found
PERBANDINGAN COLD PRESSOR TEST MAHASISWA DENGAN DAN TANPA RIWAYAT GENETIK HIPERTENSI
No full textABSTRAKHipertensi terkait erat dengan peningkatan aktivitas sistem saraf simpatis. Aktivitas simpatis dapat diujidengan cold pressor test (CPT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan CPT mahasiswapria dengan riwayat genetik hipertensi (RGH (+)) dan tanpa riwayat genetik hipertensi (RGH (-)). Desainpenelitian ini adalah uji klinis acak. Selama CPT, tangan hingga sebatas pergelangan tangan dimasukkan dalam air es (4-5C ) selama 1 menit. Empat puluh dua mahasiswa pria (18-21 tahun) dibagi dalam dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok RGH (+) dan RGH (-). Tekanan darah (TD) dan denyut jantung (DJ) diukur sebelum, 30 detik setelah dan lima menit setelah CPT. Data dianalisis dengan uji t tidak berpasangan dan uji t berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan tekanan darah sistolik (TDS) dan tekanan darah diastolik (TDD) yang bermakna sebelum CPT antara kedua grup. Tiga puluh detik setelah CPT, terdapat perbedaan TDS dan TDD yang bermakna antara kelompok RGH (+) yang dibandingkan dengan kelompok RGH (-). Lima menit setelah CPT, tidak terdapat perbedaan TDS yang bermakna, namun terdapat perbedaan TDD yang bermakna lima menit setelah CPT antara kedua grup . Di samping itu, tidak terdapat perbedaan DJ yang bermakna baik sebelum, 30 detik setelah dan lima menit setelah CPT antara kedua grup. Pemulihan TDS dan TDD terjadi dalam waktu lima menit. Keadaan ini menunjukkan bahwa CPT dapat digunakan sebagai metode deteksi dini hipertensi dengan mengukur TD.Kata kunci: cold pressor test, hipertensi, tekanan darah.ABSTRACTHypertension has been reported to be generally associated with sympathetic overactivity. Sympathetic overactivity can be tested by cold pressor test (CPT). The aim of study is to find out comparation of CPT between students with hypertensive parents (HP (+)) and without hypertensive parents (HP (-)). Methodology of study was randomized controlled trial. While CPT, hand immersion up to the wrist in the mixture of ice and water (4-5C) for 1 minute. Forty-two male students (18-21 years old) were divided into two groups, as group HP (+) and HP (-). Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured before, 30 seconds and five minutes after CPT. Data was analized by t independent test and t paired test. Result of research indicate that there was no significant difference in resting systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in both groups before CPT. Thirty seconds after CPT, there was significant difference in SBP and DBP in group HP (+) as compared to group HP (-). Five minutes after CPT, there was no significant difference in SBP, but there was significant difference in DBP between two groups. Besides, there were no significant difference in HR before, 30 seconds and five minutes after CP between two groups. Thereafter, SBP and DBP recovered back to baseline at five minutes after CPT. This finding may lead that CPT can be used as predictor of future development of hypertension by measuring BP.Keywords : cold pressor test, hypertension, blood pressure
Penanganan Infeksi Saluran Kemih
Get PDFAbstrak. Infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) sangat sering terjadi pada pasien rawat jalan, sama halnya dengan infeksi nosokomial. Didalam klinik sering dibagi dalam ISK tanpa komplikasi dan !SK berkomplikasi. Penyebab !SK tanpa komplikasi umumnya Escherichia coli, namun demikian pada ISK berkomplikasi dapat juga disebabkan oleh kuman Gram-negatif dan Gram-positif dan sering menyebabkan resisten terhadap antibiotik. Falsafah dari pengobatan ISK adalah mengusahakan pengobatan yang cepat dan efektif serta mencegah terjadinya resistensi terhadap antibiotik. (JKS 2008; 1: 61-66)
Kata kunci : lnfeksi saluran kemih (ISK), pengobatan antibiotik, resisten antibiotik
Abstract. Bacterial urinary tract infections (UTis) are frequent infections in the outpatient as well as in the nosocomial setting. The stratification into uncomplicated and complicated UTis has proven to be clinically useful. In uncomplicated UTis Escherichia coli is the leading organism, whereas in complicated UTis the bacterial spectrum is much broader including Gram-negative and Gram-positive and often multiresistant organism.The aim of treatment are rapid and effective response to the therapy and prevention of emergence of resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy in the microbial environment. (JKS 2008; /: 61-66)
Keywords : UT!s, antibiotic treatment, antimicrobial chemotherapy resistanc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
PENCEGAHAN DAN PENATALAKSANAAN NEFROPATI RADIOKONTRAS
No full textAbstrak. Gagal ginjal karena pemberian kontras media merupakan penyebab ketiga dari gagal ginjal yang didapat di rumah sakit. Penderita dengan fungsi ginjal normal jarang mengalami nefropati karena kontras. Pada penderita dengan serum kreatinin lebih dari 1.5 mg/dl (132 µmol/l), pemberian iodine harus hati-hati terhadap nefropati karena dari laporan pemberian kontras iodine mempunyai risiko sangat tinggi untuk terjadi nefropati kontras. Manifestasi dari nefro toksik yang berat bisa dimulai dari non oliguri dengan penurunan laju filtrasi glomerulus sampai dengan gangguan ginjal akut yang memerlukan dialisis. Faktor penyebab utama terjadinya gangguan ginjal akut adalah pre-existing insufisiensi ginjal dan diabetes. Faktor risiko lain adalah penyakit kardiovaskuler, pemakaian diuretik, urikosuria, usia lanjut, multiple myoloma yang mengalami dehidrasi. Kontras media ionik dan non ionik keduanya mempunyai efek nefro toksik meskipun kontras non ionik efek nefro toksiknya lebih rendah dari kontras ionik. Rehidrasi adalah cara utama untuk pencegahan nefropati kontras, pencegahan lainnya dapat menggunakan acetyl cysteine dan anti oksidan.
Abstract. Renal failure associated with contrast administration has been reported as the third most common cause of in-hospital renal failure. Patient with normal renal function rarely develop contrast-induced nephropathy. In patients with serum creatinine levels higher than 1.5 mg/dl (132 µmol/l), iodinated contras should be used with caution because the risk for contrast-induced nephropathy renal failure is increased. Nephrotoxicity ranges in severity from nonoliguric transient fall in glomerular filtration rate to severe renal failure requiring dialysis. The major risk factor for developing acute kidney injury is the combination of pre-existing renal insufficiency and diabetes. Other risk factors include cardio-vascular disease, the use diuretic, advanced age, multiple myeloma in dehydrate patients, hypertension, uricosuria, and high dose of contrast. Both ionic and nonionic contrast media can induce nephrotoxicity although nonionic contrast is significantly less nephrotoxic. Hydration is the mainstay of prevention, acetylcysteine, a thiol-containing antioxidant given in conjunction with hydration, has not proved consistently to be protective
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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