1,721,136 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Lengthening and Raddoppiamento fonosintattico
No full textWithin Romance, word-internal geminates have been preserved only in cent, and S. Italy and Sardinian. To geminates inherited from Latin (e.g., It. and Log. ['εssere] ‘to be’ < ESSE(*RE)), more were added mainly through cluster assimilation (e.g., FRIG(I)DU(M) > It. ['freddo] ‘cold’, CORNU(M) > Logudorese Sardinian ['korru] ‘horn’) or lengthening of an originally short consonant. Prosodically induced consonant lengthening after stress occurs sometimes in proparoxytones: It. ['femmina] ‘woman’, ['attimo] ‘moment’, [le’ʤittimo] ‘legitimate’. In Italian one also finds lengthening in other contexts (e.g., [paras'sita] ‘parasite’ < PARASITU(M)). However, along the Apennines from N. Tuscany to central-northern Marche, proparoxytonic lengthening has been considerably generalized (see section 4). Lengthening in C+[j/w] clusters occurs throughout Italo-Romance: e.g., It. ['viɲɲa] ‘vineyard’ < VINEA(M), ['akkwa] ‘water’ < AQUA(M). Since /ʃ/ /ʎ/ /ɲ/ /ts/ dz/ have their main (or exclusive) source in C+[j] clusters, these phonemes always occur long when postvocalic (except in modern northern dialects, where long consonants have been shortened). Word-initial dental affricates from other sources (e.g., Germanic or Arabic loans such as ['tsappa], ['tsukkero]) are equated with long non-initial geminates (and lengthened) in cent, dialects (Tuscan = romanesco [la t'tsappa] ‘the hoe’, [lo t'tsukkero] ‘the sugar’), but not in southern varieties: Altam. [la 'tsapp], [lʊ 'tsʏkkərə]. The list of phonemes only occurring long further includes, in many central-southern dialects: /ʤ/ and /b/, which are long everywhere (e.g., Roman, [rad’ʤone] ‘reason’, [rub'ba] ‘to steal’), and initial /r/ in Sicily and southern Calabria (['rrittsu] ‘chestnut husk’, cf. Rohlfs (1977a: 24)). Lengthening may also affect individual lexical items: [rre] ‘king’, [ccu] ‘more’ have a long consonant throughout the Centre-South; [nnu] ‘a’ (< UNU(M)) has long /n/ in Salentino, although no systematic lengthening of these consonants occurs in the relevant dialects.
In addition to the word-internal geminates addressed so far, a systematic sandhi process, raddoppiamento fonosintattico (RF), operates in Standard Italian, cent. and S. Italy (including Corsican), and Sardinian. It involves lengthening of a word-initial consonant in word1-word2, sequences, and is a function of the phonological shape or lexical-morphological status of word1. In many varieties - not St. It., despite recent claims (see section 6) - RF also obeys syntactic constraints. For RF to apply, word2's initial consonant must be underlyingly short, and in onset position
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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