1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Curse of Coal Mining : Residents’ Resistance to Industrial Coal Mining in Moatize District, Mozambique
No full textThis thesis explores the dynamics and everyday practices of resistance in response to a large-scale coal mining project in Mozambiqueʼs Moatize District. The district underwent a significant territorial transformation after the Mozambican government granted the first coal mining concession to the Brazilian multinational mining company Vale in 2007. This concession encompassed vast areas of land traditionally used by local communities, who were subsequently displaced to make way for coal mining. The thesis is based on twelve months of anthropological fieldwork conducted in Moatize District. In this area, the mining company’s operations significantly affected local residents’ daily lives and means of subsistence. Most interlocutors were subsistence farmers and brickmakers who had been resettled by Vale in the 25 de Setembro neighbourhood within the Municipality of Moatize, as well as in the localities of Benga, Cateme and Mualádzi. The research also focused on traditional chiefs, traditional healers, state officials, informal traders, members of civil society organisations, and former CARBOMOC and CCM employees. Drawing on James Scott’s theoretical framework of everyday resistance, this thesis demonstrates how residents of Moatize adopted discreet, infrapolitical tactics to resist Vale’s mining practices and repression by state authorities. Using the limited resources at their disposal, they confronted a powerful corporation backed by the state. To expose the harmful effects of coal mining, residents shared images of mine explosions near their homes on social media, while protecting the identity of those who captured them. They also accessed forested areas on Vale’s land to gather resources essential for their livelihoods. In some cases, acts of resistance included invoking ancestral spirits through traditional healers to halt the tractors extracting coal from the mines. Overall, the thesis demonstrates that, despite seemingly powerless, the residents of Moatize asserted their agency by resisting the mining practices of the powerful multinational company Vale, which was backed by the central state
A maldição dos recursos minerais: uma análise de Moatize no centro de Moçambique: A maldição dos recursos minerais: uma análise de Moatize no centro de Moçambique
No full textIn this article I discuss mining exploration in Mozambique from the Moatize region, which is a place rich in carboniferous mineral resources. I emphasize throughout my approach that, contrary to expectations that the exploration of coal in Moatize would bring social development to the communities around the projects, reality shows that they do not benefit the countries where it is carried out, but it works as a source of large-scale resource removal and as a form of development that ends up benefiting rich countries at the expense of the poor. On the other hand, many of these extractive resources occur on the lands of peasants and indigenous groups, who are also involved in resource extraction such as artisanal miners or workers in large-scale mines and resist these encroachments on their lands (Jacka, 2018 and Gilberthorpe & Rajak, 2017). Coal mining in Moatize, in the manner in which it is carried out, puts the survival of the communities around it into question, as they remain in the cycle of poverty, and a series of human rights violations occur when they are resettled in new regions by the State.Neste artigo discuto a exploração mineral em Moçambique a partir da região de Moatize, que é um local rico em recursos minerais carboníferos. Ressalto ao longo da minha abordagem que, ao contrário das expectativas de que a exploração do carvão em Moatize traria desenvolvimento social para as comunidades do entorno dos empreendimentos, a realidade mostra que eles não beneficiam os países onde é realizado, mas funciona como fonte de remoção de recursos em grande escala e como forma de desenvolvimento que acaba beneficiando os países ricos em detrimento dos pobres. Por outro lado, muitos desses empreendimentos extrativistas ocorrem nas terras de camponeses e grupos indígenas, que também estão envolvidos na extração de recursos, como garimpeiros ou trabalhadores de minas de grande porte que resistem às invasões de suas terras (Jacka, 2018 e Gilberthorpe & Rajak, 2017). A mineração de carvão em Moatize, da forma como é realizada, coloca em questão a sobrevivência das comunidades do seu entorno, que permanecem no ciclo da pobreza, e uma série de violações de direitos humanos ocorre quando são reassentadas em novas regiões pelo Estado
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Uma perspectiva antropológica sobre o comportamento político e a participação democrática em Moçambique
Get PDFNeste ensaio, proponho fazer uma abordagem sobre o comportamento político em Moçambique, teorizando sobre o conceito de democracia e sua operacionalização prática no contexto de Moçambique. A abordagem trazida é antropológica e procura desta forma fazer uma interpretação sobre a implementação da prática democrática no contexto moçambicano e as diferentes práticas e significados produzidos no país, que permitem compreender que a democracia é mais do que um pacote de exigências trazidas pelo Ocidente como condicionante para aceder aos apoios económicos, mas um processo que implica diálogo, concessões contextuais. Não é algo dado como garantido.A abordagem sobre as várias transições políticas e económicas passadas por Moçambique será útil para a compreensão do contexto da "democracia à moçambicana" e aos significados construídos sobre a mesma em tempos de neoliberalismo
The Curse of Coal Mining : Residents’ Resistance to Industrial Coal Mining in Moatize District, Mozambique
No full textThis thesis explores the dynamics and everyday practices of resistance in response to a large-scale coal mining project in Mozambiqueʼs Moatize District. The district underwent a significant territorial transformation after the Mozambican government granted the first coal mining concession to the Brazilian multinational mining company Vale in 2007. This concession encompassed vast areas of land traditionally used by local communities, who were subsequently displaced to make way for coal mining. The thesis is based on twelve months of anthropological fieldwork conducted in Moatize District. In this area, the mining company’s operations significantly affected local residents’ daily lives and means of subsistence. Most interlocutors were subsistence farmers and brickmakers who had been resettled by Vale in the 25 de Setembro neighbourhood within the Municipality of Moatize, as well as in the localities of Benga, Cateme and Mualádzi. The research also focused on traditional chiefs, traditional healers, state officials, informal traders, members of civil society organisations, and former CARBOMOC and CCM employees. Drawing on James Scott’s theoretical framework of everyday resistance, this thesis demonstrates how residents of Moatize adopted discreet, infrapolitical tactics to resist Vale’s mining practices and repression by state authorities. Using the limited resources at their disposal, they confronted a powerful corporation backed by the state. To expose the harmful effects of coal mining, residents shared images of mine explosions near their homes on social media, while protecting the identity of those who captured them. They also accessed forested areas on Vale’s land to gather resources essential for their livelihoods. In some cases, acts of resistance included invoking ancestral spirits through traditional healers to halt the tractors extracting coal from the mines. Overall, the thesis demonstrates that, despite seemingly powerless, the residents of Moatize asserted their agency by resisting the mining practices of the powerful multinational company Vale, which was backed by the central state
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