297 research outputs found
Social context modulates digestive efficiency in greylag geese (Anser anser)
No full textIn group-living animals, social context is known to modulate physiology, behaviour and reproductive output as well as foraging and nutritional strategies. Here we investigate the digestive efficiency of 38 individuals belonging to different social categories of a semi-feral and individually marked flock of greylag geese (Anser anser). During 9 consecutive days in winter 2017, when the ground was fully covered with snow (i.e. no grass or other natural forage available) and the accessible food was standardized, 184 individual droppings were collected and analysed to estimate the apparent digestibility of organic matter (ADOM). Lignin was used as an indigestible internal marker in the food and droppings. The digestive efficiency was higher in pairs with offspring as compared to pairs without offspring or unpaired birds. Furthermore, individuals with high ADOM were more likely to breed successfully in the following season than those with low ADOM. Our findings demonstrate that social status modulates digestive efficiency, probably via a chain of physiological mechanisms including a dampened stress response in individuals enjoying stable social relationships with and social support by their family members (i.e. their own pair-partner and offspring). Our findings underline the importance of the social network in modulating physiology, such as digestive efficiency, and ultimately reproductive success.© The Author(s) 201
Hepatic Myelolipoma and Amyloidosis with Osseous Metaplasia in a Swan Goose (Anser cygnoides)
No full textAn adult swan goose (Anser cygnoides) kept in a zoological garden had gross hepatic enlargement with extensive ill-defined white foci. Microscopically, the hepatic lesions were composed of a mixture of adipocytes and myeloid cells. The goose was also affected with systemic amyloiclosis and there were areas of osseous metaplasia associated with deposition of amyloid within the liver
Parental behaviour and family proximity as key to gosling survival in Greylag Geese (Anser anser)
No full textReproductive success in monogamous species is generally affected by both behavioural and hormonal fine-tuning between pair partners. Vigilance, defence and brooding of offspring are among the main parental investments, and often the sexes adopt different roles. In the present study, we investigate how sex differences in parental behaviour and family proximity in the socially monogamous Greylag Goose (Anser anser) affect gosling survival. During the reproductive season in spring 2013, we recorded the behaviour of 18 pairs with offspring and gosling survival in a semi-tame, long-term monitored, and individually marked flock of Greylag Geese in Grünau, Austria. We found that behavioural role differentiation between the parents varied with developmental phase, and thus with gosling age. Especially during the first 10 days after hatching, females were foraging more frequently than males, which were more vigilant and aggressive towards other flock members. Such differences between the sexes levelled out 20 to 30 days after hatching. In general, females stayed in closer proximity to their offspring than males. Gosling survival was high when the parents were relatively aggressive and emphasized vigilance rather than foraging behaviour. Hence, we show a direct link between pair partners’ quality of parental investment and gosling survival.© The Author(s) 201
A Correlation Study of Pakistani EFL Teachers’ Professional discerning and their Critical Thinking
No full textA great deal of research is done on teacher training and teacher education worldwide, but a few studies appeared on teacher’s professional discerning and particularly on teachers’ critical thinking skills. Critical thinking, with regard to EFL teachers, has not been taken into consideration early on. This study explores the relationship between EFL teacher’s professional discerning and their critical thinking in Pakistani context. A quantitative paradigm has been adopted to find out if there is any relationship between EFL teachers’ professional discerning and their critical thinking. The participants consisted of 93 EFL teachers teaching English at the university level in Pakistan. The researcher utilized a professional discerning (identity) research tool taken from Sheybani and Miri (2019) and a derived Critical Thinking Inventory (DCT) designed by the researcher to collect data. To analyze the relationship between EFL teachers’s professional discerning and their critical thinking ability, the data were analyzed by R (statistical program). The results of correlation analysis unfolded that the sub-constructs of professional discerning questionnaire tools are predicted by critical thinking. A highly positive and statistically significant correlation was observed in the analysis. The study highlights the significance and important role of critical thinking in shaping EFL teachers’ professional discerning, particularly in their teaching context. The study proves the inventive conduct of EFL teachers in the present era of knowledge and learning. The study will positively contribute to language teaching and learning, and it would open up new vistas for EFL teachers, syllabus designers, and academia
A Correlation Study of Pakistani EFL Teachers’ Professional discerning and their Critical Thinking
No full textA systematic review of the parasites (Plathelminthes: Cestoda) of the domestic goose (Anser anser dom.)
No full textIn many countries, poultry (including Anser anser dom.) play an important role in meeting population needs for meet. One of the factors that affect directly the meat quality and the industrial products obtained from domestic waterfowl are helminths, which cause diseases in their hosts. Helminthological research of the helminth fauna of domestic geese has been carried out in many countries, including Azerbaijan. Nevertherless, there is no general survey or species list of the world fauna of the domestic goose helminths. Tapeworms (Class: Cestoda) also parasitize the geese, causing them serious harm. Taking into account the relevance of the topic, we set the task to determine and systematize the species composition of tapeworms parasitizing the domestic goose (A. anser dom.) with the use of extensive literature data and our personal material. The species list is arranged in alphabetical order, families, genera and species of cestodes follow the nomenclature and classification by Khalil et al. (1994) and Olson et al. (2001), with updates by Kuchta et al. (2008) and Caira et al. (2014). We also took into account the classification adopted from the database of Fauna Europaea. Each species is provided with the following data: scientific name, author and year of description, synonyms, final, intermediate and auxiliary hosts, habitat in the bird body, collecting localities, geographic distribution, prevalence (PI) and intensity (II) of infection, and literature sources. An analysis of the worldwide literature and our personal data has established that 147 helminth species (Trematoda – 64 species, Cestoda – 33, Nematoda – 46, Acanthocephala – 4) are hitherto known from the domestic goose. The 33 tapeworm species of this list belong to five families (Dilepididae – 1 species, Hymenolepididae – 27, Mesocestoididae – 1, Paruterinidae – 1, and Diphyllobothriidae – 3). In Azerbaijan, 11 cestod species were found in the domestic goose. Six of them (Diorchis inflata, Drepanidotaenia lanceolata, D. przewalskii, Fimbriaria fasciolaris, Tschertkovilepis setigera, Ligula intestinalis) were registered in the course of our helminthological studies. The cestodes D. inflata and L. intestinalis were recorded in domestic geese in Azerbaijan for the first time. Five helminth species (Dilepis undula, Drepanidotaenia lanceolata, Ligula interrupta, L. intestinalis, Schistocephalus solidus) parasitize both birds and mammals (D. lanceolata in humans). Of these, two species (D. lanceolata and L. intestinalis) were found in Azerbaijan
Prevalence of Eating Disorders among Medical Students: A Study from Lahore, Pakistan
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Human Benevolence is Innate to Man as Man Shakespeare’s Art of Characterization with reference to Macbeth
No full textShakespearean tragedies stand out in the history of world’s literature for their influential language, insight into character and dramatic ingenuity. It can be safely established that all of the Shakespearean tragedies are based upon the notion that human benevolence is innate to man as man. The current study focuses upon the notion that the Shakespearean heroes are basically good and noble men whose tragic flaw leads to their obliteration. For instance in Macbeth, Lady Macbeth describes Macbeth as “too full o’ milk of human kindness”. The character of Macbeth gives the picture of dissolution within the individual. The character of Macbeth has been analyzed to assert that he seems to suffer from a variance between his head and heart, his duty and his desire, his reckoning and his emotions. A psychological insight to his character reveals that he knows from the first that he is engaged in a ridiculous act: a distressed and paradoxical struggle. With the aid of research methods including Case Study and Close Reading this Qualitative research highlights Macbeth’s lethal proceedings which not only obliterate his peace of mind but also bring turmoil to the macrocosm of the universe, and shows that along with the king he murders his sense of reasoning as well. Hence this study asserts the idea that Shakespearean heroes possess an inherent goodness corroded by the actions of fate or destiny thus resulting in their tragic downfall
ESP Need Analysis: A Study of English Language Learning of Business Students
No full textThe present study explores the need and use of English language for business students at university level. For that purpose, pedagogical knowledge and existing curriculum has been analysed and also investigated the current needs of students lastly recommended end dealing with the learner requests regarding the connection circumstances and different obstructions. A questionnaire was administered containing 19 close ended items. This investigation persuaded by the understanding that "Needs investigation is neither one kind of language teaching nor inside the language training, however it will regularly have seen similar to the foundation of ESP and it leads to the engaged course" (Dudley-Evans & St John, 1998). It has been observed that most of the learners need to learn business communication and also such type of English in future for job profession. Basically most of the learners focus on writing skills which facilitate them in the final exam. They have least concerned with speaking skills in the classroom but face difficult when they have to communicate with their clients in practical life. The selected course materials or teacher must have to consult different courses such as text books CD and DVD and also use different materials for the training of people to get a job such as work form, samples and charts of the assignment and statement of course.
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