13 research outputs found
Kondo behaviour in Ce intermetallic compounds
No full textSIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN017151 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
The effect of graphitic target density on carbon nanotube synthesis by pulsed laser ablation method
No full textRelationship between Urolithiasis and Nutrition in Patients with Urinary Stones in Ardabil City
No full textBackground & Objectives: Urolithiasis is the third common urinary disease. While,
relationship between the urinary stones and diet is known to some extent, but there are
controversies about it. The aim of this study was to determine the association between food
habit, nutrients intake and kinds of urinary stone disease.
Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive analytical study was performed on 150 patients
(91 male and 59 females) with urinary stone disease in Ardabil during 2008-2009. Data of
urinary stones analysis, type of stone in the graph, type of stone, preventive emprise and type
of drinking water were recorded. Food data were recorded using 24-hour dietary recalls three
days in week and food frequency questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS, Food
Processor III software, and ANOVA Statistical program.
Results: Findings showed that the most common and lowest form of urinary stone disease in
men and women were calcium oxalate and ammonium phosphate, respectively. There was
significant inverse association between beta-carotene intake and the percentage of uric acid
stone disease (p<0.05). We observed significant relationship between vitamin A and folacin
intake with percentage of uric acid stone disease (p<0.05). There was significant relationship
between consumption of cheese and pickles with calcium phosphate stone disease (p<0.05).
There was no significant association between other foods and nutrients intake with types of
urinary stone disease.
Conclusion: This study showed the consumption of some nutrients including folacin, vitamin
A and some foods such as cheese was associated with the incidence of urinary stone disease.
Therefore, taking accurate diet could possibly prevent the incidence of urinary stone diseases
The Effect of Pomegranate Juice Supplementation on Oxidative Stress in Young Healthy Males
No full textBackground & Objectives: The intake of antioxidant supplementations can have key role in
prevention of oxidative stress in healthy individuals. Pomegranate has antioxidant effects and
may play a role in reduction of oxidative stress in healthy males. Therefore, this study
examined the effect of pomegranate juice supplementation on oxidative stress in young
healthy males.
Methods: In semi-experimental study, 14 healthy students living in Dormitories of Ardabil
University of Medical Sciences were included. Subjects were given one cup of pomegranate
juice supplementation per day for two weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken both at the
start and the end of 2-week period to measure the antioxidant enzyme activities such as
superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, paraoxonase-1, aryl esterase, and the values of
serum total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, and lipid profiles. Data were analyzed using
descriptive and paired t-tests.
Results: The level of serum total antioxidant capacity and activities of enzymes such as
superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, arylesterase, and standardized arylesterase
activity were significantly increased at the end of two weeks (p<0.05). The serum level of
malondialdehyde was significantly decreased after intervention (p<0.05). Changes were not
significant, although the serum levels of glutathione and HDL-cholesterol increased and LDLcholesterol
decreased at the end of two weeks period.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the pomegranate juice supplementation had
beneficial effects in helping body's antioxidant defense system and reduction of oxidative
stress in young healthy males. This study suggests that the pomegranate juice
supplementation can be useful against oxidative stress included in dietaries of young healthy
males
Author Correction: Burdens of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages in 184 countries (Nature Medicine, (2025), 10.1038/s41591-024-03345-4)
No full textCorrection to: Nature Medicinehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03345-4, published online 6 January 2025. In the version of the article initially published, in the eighth paragraph of the Discussion, the text “Among large nations, the largest increases in SSB-related T2D burdens were in Mexico, Thailand and the United Kingdom, and in CVD burdens, Colombia, Nigeria, Thailand and Russia. These changes align with rises in SSB consumption in these nations12. Similarly, declining SSB-related cardiometabolic burdens in Brazil, the United States and the United Kingdom (for CVD) are consistent with their decreasing SSB consumption from 1990 to 202012” was incorrect and has now been updated to “Among largely populated nations, the largest increases in SSB-related T2D incidence was in Colombia, USA and Argentina; and in CVD incidence, Nigeria, Russia, Colombia and Thailand. These changes generally align with rises in SSB consumption in these nations, except in the US where slight declines in SSB consumption were offset by increased burdens of diabetes 12. Similarly, declining SSB-related cardiometabolic burdens in Turkey, Brazil, and the United States and the United Kingdom for CVD are consistent with their decreasing SSB consumption from 1990 to 202012.” Additionally, Supplementary Data 1 and 2 have been updated to remove decimals in values greater than 100. These corrections have been made to the HTML and PDF versions of the article. © The Author(s) 2025
Children's and adolescents' rising animal-source food intakes in 1990-2018 were impacted by age, region, parental education and urbanicity
No full textAnimal-source foods (ASF) provide nutrition for children and adolescents physical and cognitive development. Here, we use data from the Global Dietary Database and Bayesian hierarchical models to quantify global, regional and national ASF intakes between 1990 and 2018 by age group across 185 countries, representing 93% of the worlds child population. Mean ASF intake was 1.9 servings per day, representing 16% of children consuming at least three daily servings. Intake was similar between boys and girls, but higher among urban children with educated parents. Consumption varied by age from 0.6 at <1 year to 2.5 servings per day at 1519 years. Between 1990 and 2018, mean ASF intake increased by 0.5 servings per week, with increases in all regions except sub-Saharan Africa. In 2018, total ASF consumption was highest in Russia, Brazil, Mexico and Turkey, and lowest in Uganda, India, Kenya and Bangladesh. These findings can inform policy to address malnutrition through targeted ASF consumption programmes. (c) 2023, The Author(s)
Author Correction: Burdens of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages in 184 countries (Nature Medicine, (2025), 10.1038/s41591-024-03345-4)
No full textCorrection to: Nature Medicinehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03345-4, published online 6 January 2025. In the version of the article initially published, in the eighth paragraph of the Discussion, the text “Among large nations, the largest increases in SSB-related T2D burdens were in Mexico, Thailand and the United Kingdom, and in CVD burdens, Colombia, Nigeria, Thailand and Russia. These changes align with rises in SSB consumption in these nations12. Similarly, declining SSB-related cardiometabolic burdens in Brazil, the United States and the United Kingdom (for CVD) are consistent with their decreasing SSB consumption from 1990 to 202012” was incorrect and has now been updated to “Among largely populated nations, the largest increases in SSB-related T2D incidence was in Colombia, USA and Argentina; and in CVD incidence, Nigeria, Russia, Colombia and Thailand. These changes generally align with rises in SSB consumption in these nations, except in the US where slight declines in SSB consumption were offset by increased burdens of diabetes 12. Similarly, declining SSB-related cardiometabolic burdens in Turkey, Brazil, and the United States and the United Kingdom for CVD are consistent with their decreasing SSB consumption from 1990 to 202012.” Additionally, Supplementary Data 1 and 2 have been updated to remove decimals in values greater than 100. These corrections have been made to the HTML and PDF versions of the article.696696119,04558,7Q1Q1SCIE10,
Burdens of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages in 184 countries
No full textThe consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, an updated and comprehensive assessment of the global burden attributable to SSBs remains scarce. Here we estimated SSB-attributable T2D and CVD burdens across 184 countries in 1990 and 2020 globally, regionally and nationally, incorporating data from the Global Dietary Database, jointly stratified by age, sex, educational attainment and urbanicity. In 2020, 2.2 million (95% uncertainty interval 2.0–2.3) new T2D cases and 1.2 million (95% uncertainty interval 1.1–1.3) new CVD cases were attributable to SSBs worldwide, representing 9.8% and 3.1%, respectively, of all incident cases. Globally, proportional SSB-attributable burdens were higher among men versus women, younger versus older adults, higher- versus lower-educated adults, and adults in urban versus rural areas. By world region, the highest SSB-attributable percentage burdens were in Latin America and the Caribbean (T2D: 24.4%; CVD: 11.3%) and sub-Saharan Africa (T2D: 21.5%; CVD: 10.5%). From 1990 to 2020, the largest proportional increases in SSB-attributable incident T2D and CVD cases were in sub-Saharan Africa (+8.8% and +4.4%, respectively). Our study highlights the countries and subpopulations most affected by cardiometabolic disease associated with SSB consumption, assisting in shaping effective policies and interventions to reduce these burdens globally. © The Author(s) 2025
Incident type 2 diabetes attributable to suboptimal diet in 184 countries
No full textThe global burden of diet-attributable type 2 diabetes (T2D) is not well established. This risk assessment model estimated T2D incidence among adults attributable to direct and body weight-mediated effects of 11 dietary factors in 184 countries in 1990 and 2018. In 2018, suboptimal intake of these dietary factors was estimated to be attributable to 14.1 million (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 13.814.4 million) incident T2D cases, representing 70.3% (68.871.8%) of new cases globally. Largest T2D burdens were attributable to insufficient whole-grain intake (26.1% (25.027.1%)), excess refined rice and wheat intake (24.6% (22.327.2%)) and excess processed meat intake (20.3% (18.323.5%)). Across regions, highest proportional burdens were in central and eastern Europe and central Asia (85.6% (83.487.7%)) and Latin America and the Caribbean (81.8% (80.183.4%)); and lowest proportional burdens were in South Asia (55.4% (52.160.7%)). Proportions of diet-attributable T2D were generally larger in men than in women and were inversely correlated with age. Diet-attributable T2D was generally larger among urban versus rural residents and higher versus lower educated individuals, except in high-income countries, central and eastern Europe and central Asia, where burdens were larger in rural residents and in lower educated individuals. Compared with 1990, global diet-attributable T2D increased by 2.6 absolute percentage points (8.6 million more cases) in 2018, with variation in these trends by world region and dietary factor. These findings inform nutritional priorities and clinical and public health planning to improve dietary quality and reduce T2D globally. (c) 2023, The Author(s)
Children’s and adolescents’ rising animal-source food intakes in 1990–2018 were impacted by age, region, parental education and urbanicity
No full textAnimal-source foods (ASF) provide nutrition for children and adolescents’ physical and cognitive development. Here, we use data from the Global Dietary Database and Bayesian hierarchical models to quantify global, regional and national ASF intakes between 1990 and 2018 by age group across 185 countries, representing 93% of the world’s child population. Mean ASF intake was 1.9 servings per day, representing 16% of children consuming at least three daily servings. Intake was similar between boys and girls, but higher among urban children with educated parents. Consumption varied by age from 0.6 at <1 year to 2.5 servings per day at 15–19 years. Between 1990 and 2018, mean ASF intake increased by 0.5 servings per week, with increases in all regions except sub-Saharan Africa. In 2018, total ASF consumption was highest in Russia, Brazil, Mexico and Turkey, and lowest in Uganda, India, Kenya and Bangladesh. These findings can inform policy to address malnutrition through targeted ASF consumption programmes. © 2023, The Author(s)
